The market rumors of Pfizer COVID-19’s oral medicine imitation license have been confirmed.

　　On March 17th, official website, a pharmaceutical patent pool (MPP), announced that it had signed agreements with 35 companies, which were allowed to copy and produce nirmatrelvir, one of the ingredients of Paxlovid, an oral drug of Pfizer COVID-19.

　　According to the map released by official website, the countries involved in the agreement are distributed in 12 countries around the world, among which 6 companies will focus on the production of APIs, 9 companies will produce drugs, and the remaining 20 companies will have both. There are five pharmaceutical companies in China, including Huahai Pharmaceutical (600521), Puluo Pharmaceutical (000739), Fosun Pharmaceutical (600196), Jiuzhou Pharmaceutical (603456) and Shanghai Disino, among which Jiuzhou Pharmaceutical only produces APIs, while others can produce APIs and preparations at the same time.

　　It is worth noting that the agreement will help to expand the accessibility of Pfizer COVID-19 oral medicine in 95 low-and middle-income countries, accounting for about 53% of the world population, but excluding China.

　　Earlier on March 17, the above news was circulated in the market, and the above listed companies once had a daily limit. Previously, it was rumored in the market that Puluo Pharmaceutical could only produce APIs. According to the newly published map, Puluo Pharmaceutical can produce both raw materials and preparations.

　　It is worth noting that a Ukrainian company is also on the list of 35 companies. MPP said that due to the current conflict, it could not be signed, but the license could still be used.

　　According to the data of official website, the Pharmaceutical Patent Pool Organization is a public health organization supported by the United Nations, which is committed to increasing access to life-saving drugs for low-and middle-income countries and promoting drug development.

　　On January 20th, local time, the Pharmaceutical Patent Pool Organization (MPP) announced through official website that it had signed an agreement with 27 pharmaceutical companies to allow them to produce and supply the oral anti-Covid-19 drug Molnupiravir of Merck to 105 low-and middle-income countries or regions around the world, so as to promote the affordability and accessibility of the drug in the world. Five China pharmaceutical companies, such as Fosun Pharma, Borui Pharma, Shijiazhuang Long Ze Pharmaceuticals, Shanghai Diseno and Langhua Pharmaceuticals, are among them, of which the first four are allowed to produce both raw materials and finished products, and Langhua Pharmaceuticals is allowed to produce raw materials.

　　In other words, two pharmaceutical companies, Fosun Pharma and Shanghai Disino, have obtained the rights to prevent and control the production of Pfizer and Merck.

　　Pfizer’s Paxlovid is a combination of PF-07321332 and ritonavir, which has been approved for conditional marketing in China. Molnupiravir of Merck is a nucleoside drug in oral form, which has not been approved in China.

CCTV News:Recently, the number of patients infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae has increased in many places, especially in children, and the treatment time is long. Many patients and their families have questions. Why is it not good after treatment for a while? I’ve already hit pneumonia vaccine, why can I get mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia? How to prevent uninfected people?

Hao Hongwen, chief physician of Pediatrics, Oriental Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, gave the following answers to nine common questions about mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Question 1: Why did you get mycoplasma pneumonia after playing in pneumonia vaccine?

Hao Hongwen:This is actually a question that we often answer parents in clinic. Usually, children and the elderly are vaccinated with pneumonia vaccine, which is mainly aimed at Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, the pathogen of this popular pneumonia is Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and there is no vaccine against Mycoplasma pneumoniae at present. Therefore, even if vaccinated with pneumonia vaccine, pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae cannot be prevented, because the pathogen is different. Of course, pneumonia vaccine has positive significance in preventing pneumonia and other diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 2: I went to check my blood when I had a fever and cough. The antibody against Mycoplasma pneumoniae was also negative, but not positive. Why did it eventually become Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia?

Hao Hongwen:This is because the most positive time of mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody is 5-7 days after infection, so the initial examination may be negative, and some of them will be false negative. Therefore, negative antibody to mycoplasma pneumoniae can not rule out mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Question 3: What are the characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia? How to identify?

Hao Hongwen:Pneumonia caused by mycoplasma infection is characterized by "double weight and light weight".

First of all, the symptoms are serious. Children mainly have a severe fever and cough, and most of them will continue to have a high fever, or the low fever will continue all the time, and the cough will be very heavy. In the first day or two of the onset, the cough may not be obvious, and then the cough will gradually become obvious, mainly manifested as paroxysmal and irritating cough, that is, coughing up in a big array, and even coughing badly will vomit and shed tears. This kind of cough, often with little phlegm at the beginning, is characterized by dry cough, and phlegm will appear in the middle and late stage of the course of the disease, which is the "first weight".

Although this kind of pneumonia has a severe fever and cough, the rales of the lungs are often not heard in the early and middle stages of the disease. Therefore, there is no dry and wet rales after the doctor auscultates the lungs. In layman’s terms, it is no problem to auscultate the lungs. This is a "light".

The characteristic of this disease is twofold and lightness, and the "second weight" is that the chest radiograph is heavier. If a child has a fever for more than three days, high fever for more than three days or low fever repeatedly, and his cough gradually worsens for more than three or four days, he must also consider this kind of pneumonia. Although there is no obvious abnormality in auscultation, doctors will generally advise the child to take a chest film to see if there is any pneumonia. The chest film may show signs of lung inflammation, some of which may be patchy, some may even be large white consolidation, and even pleural effusion. This is the "second weight".

Therefore, we simply sum up the characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia as "double weight and light weight". If parents and friends find that their children have such characteristics of fever and cough, they must also pay attention to the possibility of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, and if necessary, conduct chest X-ray or even chest CT examination under the guidance of a doctor.

Question 4: How is Mycoplasma pneumoniae infected? How to prevent it?

Hao Hongwen:The infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae is the same as our common respiratory infections, and it is mainly transmitted through the mouth and nose, so it is easy to be infected in crowded places or in close contact with patients if no protective measures are taken. Therefore, in view of this route of infection, we still have to emphasize that children should go to crowded, closed and unventilated places as little as possible. If the disease is at a high incidence, it is recommended that children wear masks as much as possible and wash their hands frequently when going to these places. Of course, it is necessary to have enough sleep, a reasonable diet, and timely increase or decrease clothes according to the weather conditions, so as to enhance the child’s resistance and avoid the infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae. If someone in the family has been infected with mycoplasma, try to wear a mask or live in a separate room, and open the window frequently for air at home. Especially for families with two children, it is particularly easy to infect each other.

Question 5: Pneumonia only affects the lungs. Will there be other complications?

Hao Hongwen:Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, its impact on the human body is relatively extensive. The mild pneumonia will gradually recover after a few days of medication, and it will have a greater impact on the severe pneumonia or the pneumonia with long fever time and heavy lung imaging. The common complications are divided into two parts: intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary. The intrapulmonary complications include plastic bronchitis, embolism (which can be independent or combined with other parts), pleural effusion, and some children may be complicated with acute asthma attack and mixed lung infection. Extrapulmonary, including nervous system, circulatory system, blood system, skin, liver damage, kidney damage, etc., among which myocarditis, myocardial damage and liver damage are more common, and in addition, in the nervous system, encephalitis may be common. Skin complications will have some rashes, and the blood system may have some changes in blood cells such as platelets. Each system will also have serious complications, even life-threatening, so we can’t take it lightly.

Question 6: Why did the symptoms get worse after taking cephalosporin from the beginning?

Hao Hongwen:This is because penicillin and cephalosporins play a role by inhibiting the synthesis of cell walls, but when mycoplasma pneumoniae is infected, mycoplasma pneumoniae has no cell walls, so cephalosporins can’t play a role. The use of macrolides such as azithromycin or erythromycin mainly inhibits the synthesis of protein, thus inhibiting the activity of mycoplasma and playing an anti-infection role. Therefore, if mycoplasma pneumoniae is infected, cephalosporins are ineffective. However, some patients may be complicated with bacterial infection and also use cephalosporins.

Question 7: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, how should it be treated?

Hao Hongwen:If it is mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, it is generally divided into mild and severe. Mild pneumonia is treated with macrolides such as azithromycin for three days, which may be extended to five days according to the condition, or cyclic erythromycin and roxithromycin can be used. At the same time, you can use some drugs to relieve cough and phlegm. Traditional Chinese medicine can generally use Shegan Mahuang Decoction and Maxing Shigan Decoction after syndrome differentiation.

Severe mycoplasma pneumonia is mainly treated with azithromycin for 7 days, and then stopped for 3-4 days. According to the situation, a second course of treatment or a third course of treatment may be needed, with cough relieving, phlegm resolving, aerosol inhalation, etc., and anticoagulation treatment if necessary. Chinese medicine can be treated with Maxing Shigan Decoction combined with Sanzi Yangqin Decoction and Huanglian Jiedu Decoction. In this process, if the symptoms are not relieved, fever or severe cough persist, it is necessary to consider whether it belongs to drug resistance, mixed infection or other complications according to the situation, and consider switching to other antibiotics, adding hormones, combining antibiotics, bronchoscopic lavage, immunoglobulin and other treatments. This needs the doctor to decide according to the situation.

Quinolones are the first choice for adult treatment, as well as new tetracyclines.

In short, each patient’s situation is different. Under the guidance of treatment principles, specific problems are analyzed and solved. During the period, children should drink water properly, atomize to dilute sputum, and eat digestible food.

Question 8: Why did you use azithromycin and erythromycin, but your condition still hasn’t improved?

Hao Hongwen:This is because the improvement of the disease is related to the following factors: the first is to feel the virulence of this pathogen, the second is whether our body’s resistance is moderate (too weak or too strong), and the third is whether the drug is resistant. If you feel that the pathogen is more virulent, the child’s immunity is weak or too strong, then the drug is not enough to weaken the pathogen or inhibit the excessive immune response, so even the drug can not quickly inhibit the development of the disease. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia can be divided into mild pneumonia and severe pneumonia, as well as refractory mycoplasma pneumonia. It refers to that after 7 days of treatment with regular macrocyclic lipid antibiotics such as azithromycin, the clinical symptoms and signs or imaging examination have not improved, or other complications have occurred. This year’s guide in 2023 also mentioned "macrolide nonreactive mycoplasma pneumonia", which means that the condition has not improved after 72 hours of treatment with regular macrolide drugs. If drug resistance is considered, new tetracycline drugs such as doxycycline and minocycline can be selected. These drugs are suitable for children over 8 years old, and those under 8 years old are beyond the instructions, which need full evaluation and informed consent of parents. So it is also mycoplasma infection, but the development and changes of the disease are different because of different factors. However, this kind of refractory pneumonia or unresponsive pneumonia is often easy to develop into severe pneumonia. In addition to antibiotic treatment, it is often necessary to cooperate with a variety of therapeutic drugs and means.

Question 9: In the late stage of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, the child has a bad appetite and a persistent cough. What should I do?

Hao Hongwen:Some children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia still have some cough symptoms after 2-3 courses of anti-infection treatment, or at the later stage of disease treatment, the children show poor appetite and cough with persistent phlegm. At this time, considering that there may be airway hyperresponsiveness or other sequelae from western medicine, we can continue to adopt corresponding treatment and atomization. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment also has advantages. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the residual evil is not exhausted and the healthy qi has been injured in the later stage of the disease. Traditional Chinese medicine is used to clear the residual evil and help the healthy qi. At the same time, some other treatments of traditional Chinese medicine, such as cupping and massage, can be used to assist the recovery of pneumonia. (Reporter Yan Yan)

　　Intangible heritage is the "living" soul of traditional culture, a precious memory of national traditional culture, bearing cultural awareness and national spirit. Jiangsu is one of the cradles of ancient civilization in China, with numerous intangible cultural heritages. Recently, the State Council announced the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects and expanded projects, and 16 projects including Jiangsu Nanzha Folk Song and Taixing Flower Drum were selected. (Please poke the directory for details > >)

　　How much do you know about these non-legacy projects? Feel their charm with Xiao Su!

　　　|　The Fifth Batch of National Intangible Heritage Representative Projects in Jiangsu Province

　　Huaian: Nanzha Folk Songs

　　Nanzha folk song is a traditional folk song in Jiangsu Province. Nanzha Town is located in the southwest border of Chuzhou District, Huai ‘an City, with the Grand Canal in the east and Baima Lake in the vicinity. It has beautiful scenery and rich humanities. It is not only full of the cultural charm of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, but also rich in rich and high-quality local folk songs. Nanzha folk songs born of the canal originated from this place.

　　According to historical records, Nanzha folk songs were well-known in the Tang Dynasty. Nanzha folk songs, based on their rich rhyme of water and countryside, have formed euphemistic, slow and lyrical singing features and singing forms such as competition and duet, and more than 500 songs have been circulated so far.Covering folk music, folk literature and folk culture, it is rich in content, beautiful in melody, widely sung and well protected, and is known as the "living fossil of folk traditional music". As early as 2009, Nanzha folk songs were listed as provincial intangible cultural heritage projects.

　　Taizhou: Taixing Flower Drum

　　Taixing Flower Drum originated from Qinjialou, Nansha Township, Guangling District, Taixing County, according to Mingzhai Zhenshi • It has a history of three or four hundred years. Taixing Flower Drum can not only perform dance alone, but also sing while dancing. Whether it is the dance itself, the tune or the lyrics, it has a complete and mature structure, unique style, self-contained and extremely local characteristics.

　　Taixing Flower Drum is sung in Taixing dialect, and the lyrics are not fixed. In order to avoid monotonous repetition, some lyrics are often made up and filled into the song, or some humorous and witty songs are sung to enliven the atmosphere and please the audience. The dance steps and movements of Taixing Flower Drum are large, flexible and funny. The dance steps include "Three Steps Upside Down", "Magpie Climbing the Plum Step" and "Jade Rabbit Yue Bai Step". Among them, "Three Steps Upside Down" and "Magpie Climbing the Plum Step" are not found in other folk dances. In particular, the "three-step", the foot shaking and the waist twisting and knees bending, is very rhythmic, showing the simple, kind, optimistic and cheerful personality of Taixing people. In 2009, it was listed as a non-legacy protection project in Jiangsu Province.

　　Suqian: Subei Drum

　　Subei Drum is a form of rap music based on Suqian dialect, commonly known as "singing big books". The form of expression is a big drum and two crescent plates. Talk and sing, and pay equal attention to rap. His lyrics are rigorous, including cross sentences, seven sentences, five sentences and three sentences. To put it bluntly, pay attention to drinking, eating, being slow and anxious, with symmetrical upper and lower sentences and vigorous singing. The long representative works are Gao Huaide’s Soldiers Going Down to Hedong, A Loyal Luo Family General, and the short representative works are Yu Ji’s Ci Chu, Aunt’s Pledge, Giving Sheep, Flying Kite, etc.

　　Northern Jiangsu Drum was formed in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and it was recorded in detail in China Quyi Zhi. Mainly distributed in Suqian, Jiangsu, Suining, Pizhou and other areas along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and then extended to Huai ‘an, Lianyungang and other surrounding areas. Northern Jiangsu drum works have won many national and provincial awards such as Peony Award nomination award, Wenhua Award, Five-Star Project Award and Luhua Award.

　　Yancheng: Hair Embroidery (Dongtai Hair Embroidery)

　　Dongtai Hair Embroidery, formerly known as Ink Embroidery, is made of silk as the base, embroidery needle as the pen, and selected girls’ natural hair as the embroidery thread. Compared with other embroidery crafts, hair embroidery is a comprehensive art with unique materials, corrosion resistance, strong texture, never fading, simple and elegant, pale and beautiful, natural color, involving books, paintings, printing, embroidery, engraving and many other fields. In 2007, Dongtai was named as "the hometown of hair embroidery art in Dongtai, China" by China Folk Writers Association. The Ministry of Culture has twice named "Dongtai Hair Embroidery" as the hometown of folk art.

　　Dongtai hair embroidery originated in the Tang Dynasty with a history of more than 1300 years. Through the inheritance and innovation of outstanding hair embroidery craftsmen in the past dynasties, the variety has developed from the original ink embroidery to touch-up embroidery, Shuang Mianxiu embroidery and double-sided embroidery with different colors, which further improves the viewing effect and enhances the appeal of the works. On the basis of inheriting the traditional needling methods, more than 30 kinds of needling methods, such as rolling, spinning, winding and sleeving, are expanded, which are used flexibly according to different works, making the shades, wet and dry, distance and depth of the works more natural and enriching the expressive force of hair embroidery works.

　　Lianyungang: Crystal Sculpture (Donghai Crystal Sculpture)

　　Crystal carving in the East China Sea has a long history. In the 1970s, the "Crystal Gravel Scraper" unearthed at Daxianzhuang Site in Shanzuokou, Donghai County was the first Paleolithic site discovered in Jiangsu Province. The craft mainly includes "round carving, relief carving, through carving, line carving, reverse carving, female carving, male carving and other techniques."

　　Based on rock crystal’s texture, size, shape, color, inclusions, water bladder and other characteristics that other jade does not have, Donghai Crystal Sculpture is characterized by its crystal clear, colorful modeling, exquisite and unique patterns and exquisite carving skills. It is constantly "recreated" by adopting modern cultural and artistic methods such as knowing and vivid, homophonic borrowing, painting and seal cutting combination, and inlay and embellishment, forming a unique national traditional style, which has artistic value of the times and has won successively. Donghai Crystal Festival ",the 8th Jiangsu" Crystal City Cup "Crystal Sculpture Grand Prix.

　　Yancheng: Porcelain Carving (Dafeng Porcelain Carving)

　　Porcelain carving is a traditional folk handicraft art with a long history in China, and there were methods of peeling and chiseling porcelain glaze in Qin and Han Dynasties. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, with the development of the ceramic industry, a large number of exquisite porcelains appeared. While enjoying porcelains, emperors, officials and some literati wanted to keep the ink of poems and inscriptions on them for permanent preservation, so artists at that time carved the outlines of poems and paintings on the porcelain blank before glazing with a straight knife, which formed the initial porcelain carving. According to legend, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty often inscribed poems on his favorite porcelain to express his passion. In order to keep the imperial vestiges for a long time, court artists tried to carve Mo Bao on porcelain, which really produced porcelain carving.

　　Dafeng porcelain carving is famous for its exquisite knife work, smooth lines, far-reaching artistic conception and vivid figure carving. It takes porcelain as the carrier, steel chisel and hammer as tools, and uses the unique beauty of porcelain itself and the porcelain collapse effect after carving, combining the carving techniques of different shades, different densities, uneven lengths, coarse and fine, virtual and real with the knife method, and vividly reproduces the object mechanism of the works on the surface of porcelain, which not only

　　Yangzhou: Powder making skills (Xie Fuchun powder making skills)

　　Xie Fuchun fragrant powder shop was founded in the tenth year of Qing Daoguang (1830), and it is famous for its "fragrance, powder and oil". Its production technique is a special technique of picking the fragrance from flowers, injecting raw powder and oil, supplemented by other materials such as traditional Chinese medicine, and processing through multiple technological processes, so as to make fragrant powder, fragrant pieces and comb oil. This technique is very complicated and has profound cultural implications.

　　As early as 1915, Xie Fuchun’s duck egg powder and xiang zhu won the gold medal at the first Panama Pacific World Expo held in 1915. During the Republic of China, the development of Xie Fuchun’s powder making technique reached its peak. The inheritance, protection and development of Xie Fuchun’s production skills of "fragrance, powder and oil" are of great significance to the study of local craft history and even the history of China folk culture and beauty culture.

　　Xuzhou: Xuzhou fuyang food custom

　　"Fu Yang", that is, mutton after crouching, has been circulating in Xuzhou folks that "a bowl of mutton soup is crouched without a prescription from a fairy". It is believed that eating mutton in the dog days is a pioneering work of taking food as a treatment, which is to heat the body, sweat and detoxify, and drive away the poison and moisture in winter and spring.

　　"Eating mutton in the dog days" has a long history in Xuzhou, which can be traced back to the Yao and Shun period. Xuzhou was called Pengcheng in ancient times, and Geng Keng was also called Peng Zu because of his seal in Pengcheng. Because Peng Zu was good at preparing delicious pheasant soup and giving it to Emperor Yao, he was sealed by Emperor Yao in Dapeng. Peng Zu’s famous dish "Sheep hide fish" and the roast mutton on the painted stone in Han Dynasty all show that Xuzhou people have a civilization history of thousands of years. In recent years, Xuzhou summed up and created the festival "Fu Yang Festival" on the basis of folk food customs, which started on the first day of the traditional lunar calendar every year and ended at the end of the last day, lasting for one month.

　　　| The fifth batch of national non-legacy representative projects expansion projects in Jiangsu Province

　　*The expansion project of intangible cultural heritage representative projects refers to the project that has entered the last batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects before, but in the subsequent batch of declaration, due to the different reporting areas and units, the declared projects can only be regarded as the expansion list projects in the form of extended protection units.

　　Taizhou: Stone Lock (Hailing Stone Lock)

　　Stone locks are said to have originated from the military camp in China in the Tang Dynasty. Soldiers often use stone locks and stone burdens to exercise, and then spread to the people, and evolved into a traditional competitive event that integrates strength, skills and fitness.

　　There are mainly snatch and swing lifting methods in Hailing’s stone dumping, and there are various kinds of colorful movements by throwing methods such as forward throwing, backward throwing, cross throwing and back throwing, and hand joint, finger joint, elbow joint, shoulder joint and head joint. Stone locks can be practiced by one person or by two people, and there are two or three people in the competition.

　　Changzhou: Suzhou embroidery (Changzhou random needle embroidery)

　　"Take the needle as the pen and the silk as the painters, seize the first voice of Suzhou embroidery, and climb the peak of embroidery art.. Everyone who sees it is praised as ‘ Shenzhen ’ 。” Liu Haisu, a famous painter, once had such an evaluation on the random needle embroidery. Different from the four famous traditional embroideries in China, the disorderly needle embroidery is a new embroidery art created by combining painting theory with embroidery theory, which was founded by Changzhou embroidery craftsman Yang Shouyu in the 1930s. Because of its unique embroidery method, it is called the fifth famous embroidery in China today.

　　There is a description in Changzhou City Records: "Yang Shouyu’s disorderly needle embroidery art borrows needles to paint. All portraits, figures, landscapes, flowers, animals, birds and still life can be embroidered, especially figure embroidery, which is called ‘ Shenzhen ’ 、‘ Needle painting ’ " . The most striking feature of "random needle embroidery" is that it gets rid of the traditional operation method of "closely connecting its needles and arranging its lines" and does not stick to dogma, so that the author can freely express his thoughts and feelings. In 2007, random needle embroidery was selected into the first representative list of intangible cultural heritage in Jiangsu Province.

　　Nantong: Carpet weaving technology (Rugao silk carpet weaving technology)

　　Rugao silk carpet is a silk carpet craft with a history of more than 2,000 years, and it formed a local unique traditional manual craft in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it is the only tapestry artwork made by silk tapestry technology in China, which has typical cultural creativity value.

　　Tapestry of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Hall of the Great Hall of the People

　　Rugao silk tapestry takes high-quality wild spun silk as raw material, and achieves special effects such as screen color separation, color matching, rhyme color and color jumping by a unique hand-knotting method, thus making the tapestry accurate in modeling, rich in expressive force, concise and thick in color, and fully showing the artistic characteristics of various schools of painters’ works, which is widely appreciated and valued by the art world.

　　Rugao tapestry "Beijing Millennium Landscape Map"

　　Suqian: Traditional Distilled Liquor Brewing Technique (Yanghe Liquor Brewing Technique)

　　Yanghe liquor brewing technology began in the Tang Dynasty and developed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has a history of more than 400 years and is a traditional distilled liquor brewing technology in China. Yanghe liquor has a unique brewing technique, which has been continuously improved in inheritance and development for hundreds of years and is still in full use today.

　　Yanghe wine is completed by four processes: koji-making, brewing, sealing and blending. Its main characteristics are slow brewing by hand, three low technologies and soft taste. There are "four slowness" in manual slow brewing, that is, slow manual, slow fermentation, slow storage and slow production. After hundreds of years of production practice, a unique production process of Laowu retort was created, and the process and wine style could not be copied in different places. From grain selection, koji-making, brewing, wine storage, manual slow brewing, "slow kung fu" achieves "soft taste in no hurry" The "three low" processes are low-temperature entry into the pool, low-temperature fermentation and low-temperature distillation, which are the core techniques of Yanghe wine brewing. Yanghe liquor has a soft taste, which has the characteristics of "sweet, soft, clean and fragrant", creating a new pattern of "taste-oriented" and being praised as the "soft originator" of China liquor.

　　Nanjing: green tea making skills (yuhua tea making skills)

　　Shaped like a pine needle, it is tight, thin, round and straight, with beautiful front seedlings, green color, white dew, elegant aroma, fresh taste and bright green leaves … … Yuhua tea is one of the top ten famous teas in China. Nanjing green tea production has a long history, which is recorded in Lu Yu’s Tea Classic. Up to now, there is still an old trail of "Tea Trial Pavilion" behind the mountain of qixia temple. By the Qing dynasty, the scope of tea cultivation in Nanjing had expanded to the north and south of the Yangtze River. After the founding of New China, Yu Yongqi, a senior engineer of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, was responsible for the implementation of tea frying technology, which was successfully developed in the spring of 1959 and named "Yuhua Tea" to make the martyrs last forever.

　　On the basis of inheriting the frying technology of ancient Chinese green tea, Yuhua tea has its own unique frying technology and incorporates new vitality, but the production process is complex, demanding and difficult. Nanjing has established a sound management organization while increasing investment, so that Yuhua Tea can be better inherited and developed.

　　Nanjing: vegetarian cooking skills (green willow house vegetarian cooking skills)

　　At the beginning of the last century, a vegetarian shop with only three or five tables and chairs opened in Taoyedu. The reason is that the vegetables are green in color, the willows are easy to live and grow, and the cloud "weeping willows are everywhere", hence the name "Green Willow House". With the change of wind and rain, Lvliu Jusu Restaurant has changed its name, changed its address and changed its chef several times. However, in the past 100 years, it has absorbed the essence of Chinese vegetarian culture and gathered the essence of vegetarian cooking from various factions to form an "old brand" of catering that integrates palace, temples, folk vegetarian food and exquisite halal dishes.

　　The raw materials of Lvliuju vegetarian cooking are nothing more than "bean products, gluten, bamboo shoots, mushrooms" and all kinds of vegetables, but after careful cooking and continuous innovation by the inheritors, it has finally become a vegetarian dish with good color, fragrance, taste and shape, which is not only vivid in image, but also similar in taste. In the past hundred years, the vegetarian diet in Green Willow House has attracted many people to taste it and become a symbol of vegetarian culture in Nanjing, a famous historical and cultural city.

　　Nantong: Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation Method (Wang Baobao’s Akamaru Production Technique)

　　Wang’s Bao Akamaru is a traditional Chinese patent medicine made by Wang Yiqing, the 17th generation descendant of Nantong Wang’s family of traditional Chinese medicine, in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty. In 1956, his grandson, Mr. Wang Mianzhi, a famous TCM doctor and master of traditional Chinese medicine in Nantong, presented the secret recipe to the country, and the method was handed down by one of the predecessors of essence pharmaceutical Group — — Nantong Pharmaceutical Factory produces exclusively, and its technological formula has been listed in the national confidential formula list for more than 60 years.

　　Wangshibao Akamaru is a pill made of all natural Chinese medicinal materials. The pill shape is as small as rapeseed, and the pills are symmetrical and round, and the luster is as bright as pearls. It has a unique effect in treating gastrointestinal diseases such as weakness of spleen and stomach, anorexia, diarrhea and constipation. In 1983, this famous medicine won the National Quality Silver Award, and then Wang’s Akamaru production skills entered the ranks of the intangible cultural heritage of the province.

　　Suzhou: Temple Fair (Shengtang Temple Fair)

　　The temple fair of Shengtang, known as the Spring Festival, originated in the early Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, and is a folk cultural activity circulating in Yangcheng Lake area, mainly focusing on the three days from March 26th to 28th of the lunar calendar every year (the legend is the birthday of Dongyue the Great).

　　The temple fair in Shengtang is large-scale. During the temple fair every year, people in Yangcheng Lake Town and its surrounding areas will spontaneously organize folk teams. After offering sacrifices to the local land gods, they will carry out Lu Yun, valiant generals and other temple gods in eight-lift sedan chairs, and walk slowly while playing strings. This folk cultural activity was listed in the municipal intangible cultural heritage list in June 2013 and the provincial intangible cultural heritage list in January 2016, which is of positive significance for inheriting the roots of national culture and enhancing the self-confidence of national culture.

　　(My Su Net is integrated from Huaihai Evening News Wisdom Taixing Sucheng Cultural Center Dongtai Daily Happiness Dongtai Yancheng Released Non-legacy Yangzhou Xuzhou Released Xuzhou Wenguang Tourism Bureau Official Weiwei Hailing Taizhou Hailing Cultural Center Wenlv Changzhou Rugao Released Suqian Released Yanghe Net Local Records Jiangsu Traditional Chinese Medicine Nantong Released Suzhou Non-legacy Pictures and videos are all from network editors/Moka Fang)

　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, July 12 The website of the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection reported on the 11th that Chang Xiaobing, the former party secretary and chairman of China Telecom Group Company, was expelled from the Party membership and public office, and his disciplinary problems included serious violation of political discipline and interference with the special inspection work of the central government. According to the investigation, since the implementation of the Regulations on Inspection Work in the Communist Party of China (CPC) in August, 2015, except Chang Xiaobing, CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has notified many officials and units of cases of obstructing and interfering with the central inspection work.

　　Deputy Secretary of the former Party Group of China Southern Airlines Group Corporation,General manager si xianmin

　　Notification time: February 3, 2016

　　Notification content: After investigation, Si Xianmin seriously violated political discipline, interfered with the inspection work, and seriously violated the spirit of the eight central regulations, playing golf with public funds. Serious violation of organizational discipline, failure to truthfully report personal matters as required, serious violation of integrity discipline, accepting gifts and cash gifts, using his authority to seek benefits for others, and his son accepting property and using his authority to seek benefits for relatives’ business activities. Approving the company to pay public funds to others in violation of regulations. Take advantage of his position to seek benefits for others and accept property in business operations. Among them, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits for others and accepting property is suspected of accepting bribes.

　　Zhou Laizhen, former member and deputy director of the Civil Aviation Administration of China

　　Notification time: January 19, 2016

　　Contents of the notification: After investigation, Zhou Laizhen seriously violated political discipline, interfered with and hindered the inspection work, and resisted the organization review; Serious violation of organizational discipline, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits and accept property for others in the selection and appointment of cadres, illegally intervening in personnel arrangements of relevant units, failing to hand in personal passports and truthfully reporting personal matters as required; Seriously violating the discipline of honesty, handing over the expenses that should be paid by individuals to subordinate units or others, accepting gifts and cash gifts, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits for relatives’ business activities, and engaging in power trading; Serious violation of the spirit of the eight central regulations, illegal possession and use of golf cards, acceptance of over-standard public banquets, and acceptance of tours arranged by subordinate units; Seriously violating work discipline and changing the route without authorization during going abroad; Take advantage of his position to seek benefits for others and accept property in business operations. Among them, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits for others and accepting property is suspected of accepting bribes.

　　Deng Qilin, former Party Secretary and Chairman of WISCO Group

　　Notification time: January 8, 2016

　　Contents of the notification: After investigation, Deng Qilin seriously violated political discipline, interfered with and hindered the inspection work, opposed organizational review, and engaged in superstitious activities for a long time; Serious violation of organizational discipline, illegal selection and appointment of cadres, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits and accept property for others in the selection and appointment of cadres, failing to truthfully report personal matters according to regulations, and failing to truthfully explain problems to the organization when talking; Serious violation of integrity discipline, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits for others and accept property in business operations, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits for relatives’ business activities, occupying houses in violation of regulations, receiving bonuses in violation of regulations, and occupying hotel rooms for personal use for a long time; Seriously violate the discipline of the masses, work discipline and life discipline, and trade power and sex. Among them, taking advantage of his position to seek benefits for others and accepting property are suspected of accepting bribes.

　　Hu Zhengming, former director of the Party Committee Office of China Export Credit Insurance Corporation.

　　Notification time: November 21, 2015

　　Informed content: After investigation, Comrade Hu Zhengming interfered with the special inspection work of the company by the Central Inspection Team during its stationing in the company, which constituted a violation of the discipline of the Central Inspection Team and the party’s political discipline. In order to enforce the Party’s discipline, according to the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Patrol Work in the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Regulations on Disciplinary Actions in the Communist Party of China (CPC), Comrade Hu Zhengming was given a serious warning in the Party and transferred from the post of office director of the Party Committee.

　　Wu Changshun, former director of Tianjin Public Security Bureau.

　　Notification time: August 20, 2015

　　The website of the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection disclosed in the sixth interpretation of the Regulations on Inspection Work in the Communist Party of China (CPC) published on August 20th, 2015 that during the inspection in Tianjin, the Fifth Inspection Team of the Central Committee fought with Wu Changshun, then vice chairman of the Tianjin Municipal Political Consultative Conference and director of the Public Security Bureau, not only to guard against being monitored and leaked information, but also to find ways to ensure the safety of informants.

　　Individual units of China Eastern Airlines Group

　　Notification time: October 18, 2015

　　When the Ninth Inspection Team of the Central Committee gave feedback to China Eastern Airlines Group on the special inspection, it pointed out that some party organizations did not have a strong sense of the party, and the management of the party was not strict. The implementation of the "two responsibility" was not in place, and individual units had to interfere with the inspection work, and individual leaders violated organizational discipline.

　　In January, 2016, when China Eastern Airlines Group Company reported the inspection and rectification, it said that the Party Secretary of a subsidiary that had interfered with the inspection work would be dismissed from his post within the party, and the Party Secretary of the marketing department of the company would be dismissed from his post within the party, subject to administrative demotion. Both of them made written inspections and conducted informed criticism within the group.

　　zhengzhou railway bureau

　　Notification time: August 20, 2015

　　The website of the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection disclosed in the sixth interpretation of the Regulations on Inspection Work in the Communist Party of China (CPC) published on August 20, 2015 that when the Eighth Inspection Team of the Central Committee went to Zhengzhou Railway Bureau to understand the situation, it asked its office to provide reception accounts. The unit provided a batch of vouchers to the inspection team, including more than 400 vouchers of more than 2,000 yuan and more than 100 vouchers of more than 3,500 yuan. With such a large amount and so many times, how many people eat each meal and what do they eat? The inspection team requested relevant materials. The unit refused to provide it, saying that it could not be found, the work notebook was destroyed and the menu could not be provided. The inspection team found the party secretary and director and asked them to perform their main responsibilities to investigate this. It turns out that all the documents provided earlier are false. It turned out that the reception department knew that the inspection team was coming. In order to cover up the serious extravagance and waste, it was suggested to handle the accounts and break them into parts. A large account was processed into several small accounts, and the relevant business departments were asked to fabricate the eating experience. According to the investigation, they spent more than 13,000 yuan on a meal, and the cost of drinks alone was more than 9,000 yuan.

　　On August 11th, according to the situation and clues discovered by the inspection team, the party group of China Railway Corporation held a video teleconference to report the recent investigation and punishment of 13 mental problems of leading cadres violating the eight central regulations. Among them, Zhang Junbang, former director of Zhengzhou Railway Bureau, was given a serious warning within the party for seriously exceeding the standard of official reception and eating and drinking public funds, and Yang Weijun, secretary of the Party Committee of Zhengzhou Railway Bureau, was given a warning within the party for failing to conscientiously perform the main responsibility of building a clean and honest party style.

　　> > relevant regulations:

Regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Municipality on Inspection Work

(August 3, 2015)

　　Thirty-seventh patrol area (unit) and its staff in any of the following circumstances, depending on the seriousness of the case, the main person in charge of the leadership of the area (unit) or other relevant responsible personnel, to give criticism and education, organizational treatment or disciplinary action; Suspected of a crime, transferred to judicial organs according to law:

　　(a) concealing or deliberately providing false information to the inspection team;

　　(2) refusing or failing to provide relevant documents and materials to the inspection team as required;

　　(three) instigating or forcing the relevant units or personnel to interfere with or obstruct the inspection work, or falsely accusing or framing others;

　　(4) refusing to correct the existing problems without justifiable reasons or failing to make rectification as required;

　　(5) Strike, retaliate against or frame up cadres and the masses who reflect the problems;

　　(six) other circumstances that interfere with the inspection work.

With the disclosure of the financial reports of multinational pharmaceutical companies in the second quarter of 2023, we summarized the revenue, net profit and R&D expenses of the top 10 pharmaceutical companies in the first half of 2023.

Screenshot source: company financial report

In terms of revenue ranking, the Top10 revenues in the first half of 2023 are: Johnson & Johnson, Roche, Pfizer, Merck, Novartis, Abbey, Sanofi, Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), AstraZeneca and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). Among them, Roche, Pfizer, Merck, AbbVie, BMS and GSK experienced negative growth.

In terms of net profit, Roche earned the most, nearly 8.7 billion US dollars. Followed by Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson and Novartis. It is worth noting that Merck lost nearly $3.2 billion in 2023H1.

Judging from the R&D expenses, Merck 2023H1 R&D expenses reached 17.6 billion US dollars, far exceeding those of Johnson, Roche and AstraZeneca.

JNJ

Screenshot Source: Company official website

On July 20th, Johnson & Johnson released the Q2 financial report for 2023: revenue was $25.53 billion, a year-on-year increase of 6.3%. Among them, the revenue of the pharmaceutical sector was 13.731 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 3.1%; Pharmaceutical business accounts for 54% of the total revenue, which is the highest and fastest growing sector of Johnson & Johnson. So far, Johnson & Johnson’s total revenue in 2023H1 was US$ 50.276 billion, a year-on-year increase of 6%.

As far as products are concerned, the sales of two core products of Johnson & Johnson, Stelara and Darzalex, totaled nearly $10 billion in the first half of the year.

In addition, the sales volume of the BCMA CAR-T product Carvykti (Sida Chiolense) in cooperation with Legendary Bio reached US$ 189 million in the first half of the year, and it is expected to achieve sales volume of about US$ 480 million this year.

Roche

Screenshot Source: Company official website

On July 27th, Roche released its financial report for the first half of 2023: the Group’s global revenue was 29.779 billion Swiss francs (about 34.2 billion US dollars, calculated at the exchange rate of 1 Swiss franc ≈ 11493 US dollars), down 2% from the previous year. The net profit was 7.563 billion Swiss francs, a year-on-year decrease of 9%; R&D investment was 6.449 billion Swiss francs, up 8% year-on-year.

The tumor field is still Roche’s main position, contributing 9.775 billion Swiss francs, but the growth rate is slowing down.

Among them, Roche’s pharmaceutical sector increased by 8% year-on-year in 2023H1. Among them, the new anti-Vabysmo drug launched in early 2022 once again became the main driving force for growth, with sales of nearly 1 billion Swiss francs.

In addition, the top five drugs in pharmaceutical business in 2023H1 were: Vabysmo, Ocrevus (multiple sclerosis), Hemlibra (hemophilia), Evrysdi (spinal muscular atrophy) and Phesgo (breast cancer), which contributed a total of 7.5 billion Swiss francs in sales, up 42% year-on-year.

Pfizer

Screenshot Source: Company official website

On August 1st, Pfizer announced its 2023H1 results, with revenue of $31 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 42%. Among them, the revenue in the second quarter was US$ 12.7 billion, down 54% year-on-year. The decline in performance was mainly due to the decline in demand for oral drugs Paxlovid in COVID-19 and Comirnaty in COVID-19.

Although there was a significant year-on-year decline, last year, with the income from vaccines and oral drugs, Pfizer achieved a revenue of 100 billion US dollars, which has been invested in acquisitions and introduction transactions, accumulating stronger comprehensive strength and post-development for Pfizer’s long-term development.

In terms of products, the RSV vaccine just approved by Pfizer is expected to grow into a super blockbuster, and the pneumonia combined vaccine will be listed at 20 prices and iterated at 13 prices. Ibrance, Xtandi related products, and Inlyta contributed the highest sales volume, with 1.25 billion, 310 million and 260 million respectively.

Screenshot Source: Drug Rong Yun Global Drug R&D Database

Pfizer said that the newly listed and expected listed pipelines will provide higher revenue for the second half of the year, while there are still uncertainties about COVID-19 products, which are expected to be eliminated by the end of the year.

Merck

Screenshot Source: Company official website

On August 1st, Merck released its second-quarter financial report, with revenue of $15.035 billion, a year-on-year increase of 3%. As a result, the total revenue in the first half of the year was $29.522 billion, down 3% year-on-year. Among them, the income from pharmaceutical business was US$ 26.179 billion, down 3% year-on-year, of which the income from China District was US$ 3.581 billion, up 13.7% year-on-year. R&D expenditure was US$ 17.6 billion, up 227% year-on-year.

In terms of products, the sales of K drug, Keytruda, continued to hit a record high in the first half of the year, reaching US$ 12.065 billion, up 20% year-on-year; Annual sales are expected to reach a new height and reach the top of the "drug king" throne. The sales of HPV vaccine Gardasil in the first half of the year was US$ 4.43 billion, a year-on-year increase of 47%. The total revenue of the two products was $16.495 billion, accounting for 63% of the pharmaceutical business income. However, Humira was hit by bio-similar drugs, and the market shrank rapidly.

In the field of vaccines, Merck’s follow-up heavy products include pneumonia conjugate vaccine. The sales of 15-valent pneumonia conjugate vaccine in the first half of the year was 274 million US dollars, and 21-valent pneumonia vaccine just announced the success of Phase III clinical trial.

References:

1. Financial reports of companies

2. Rong Yun database.

<END>

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　　　　Erffa 2024.

　　　　Erffa is a well-known high-end MPV. Although the 2025 model has released relevant news, the 2024 model still has unique charm. It has an atmospheric appearance and a unique body design. The interior pays attention to quality, and a large area is covered with soft leather or plastic-lined materials. The interior of the car is 2+2+2 six-seat layout, and the interior color matching is diverse. The second row of seats has many functions, such as ventilation, heating, massage and electric leg rest. It is also equipped with an intelligent driver assistance system to ensure driving safety. Erffa has always had a high position in MPV market, but it will face more competitive challenges in the future with the upcoming launch of competing products such as Nissan Elgrand.

ji xianlin

　　Ji Xianlin, the word Xi Ji, and the word Qi Ling. Famous ancient philologist, historian, orientalist, thinker, translator, Buddhist and writer. He is proficient in 12 languages. He used to be a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences, Vice President Peking University, and Director of South Asia Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences. Born on August 6, 1911 in Kangzhuang Town, Linqing City, Shandong Province.

　　Professor Peking University, Chairman of the Board of Directors of China Cultural Academy, Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China linguist, literary translator, Sanskrit and Pali expert and writer. There are many achievements in the study of Indian Chinese literature history.

　　Grandfather Ji Laotai, father Ji Silian, mother Zhao, farmer. Uncle Ji Sicheng. When I was young, I learned to read with Ma Jinggong.

　　At the age of 6, he went to Jinan and went to his uncle Ji Sicheng. Go to a private school to study. After 7 years old, I studied in Xinyu Primary School attached to Shandong First Normal School. At the age of 10, I began to learn English. At the age of 12, he was admitted to Zhengyi Middle School and transferred to the high school attached to Shandong University six months later. I began to learn German in high school and became interested in foreign literature. At the age of 18, he transferred to the provincial Jinan High School. The Chinese teacher is Dong Qiufang, who is also a translator. "The reason why I have been dancing and writing for 50 or 60 years, and I still can’t put down my pen until now, is all thanks to Teacher Dong, which I will never forget."

　　In 1930, he was admitted to the Department of Western Literature in Tsinghua University, majoring in German. He studied the comparison of eastern and western poems, English and Sanskrit under Wu Mi and Ye Gongchao, and took elective courses such as Professor Chen Yinque’s Buddhist scripture translation literature, Zhu Guangqian’s literary psychology, Yu Pingbo’s Tang and Song poems and Zhu Ziqing’s Tao Yuanming’s poems. Make friends with classmates Wu Zuxiang, Lin Geng and Li Changzhi, and they are called "Four Musketeers". Among the students is Hu Qiaomu. I like "pure poetry", such as Vereland and Malarme. Verhaeren, parallel prose of the Six Dynasties, works by Li Yishan and Jiang Baishi. He has translated the works of Dreiser and Turgenev. During my college years, I won a scholarship awarded by my hometown Qingping county government with excellent grades.

　　In September, 1935, according to the agreement on postgraduate exchange between Tsinghua University College of Literature and Germany, Tsinghua enrolled postgraduate students in Germany for three years. Ji Xianlin was admitted and went to Germany immediately. Traveling with Qiao Guanhua in Berlin and the United States. In October, I arrived in G? ttingen to meet Zhang Yong, Tian Dewang, etc. Entering the University of G? ttingen, "I dream that I am in G? ttingen, … I can read some books and some words that have been glorious in ancient times and this glory will never be extinguished." "I don’t know if I can catch this dream. "("Ten Years in Germany ")

　　In the spring of 1936, Ji Xianlin chose Sanskrit. He believes that "Indian culture has been greatly influenced by Indian culture, so I will thoroughly study the cultural relationship between China and China, and maybe I can find something". Therefore, "you can’t read Sanskrit." "The road I have to take all my life has finally been found. I have walked along this road for more than half a century until now, and I will go on." (Eleven Years in Germany) "Fate allowed me to strengthen my faith." Ji Xianlin majored in Indian studies and studied Sanskrit and Pali at the Sanskrit Institute of University of G? ttingen. English linguistics and Slavic linguistics are selected as subsidiary departments, and Yugoslav language is added. Ji Xianlin studied under Professor Waldschmitt, the host of the Sanskrit Lecture and a famous Sanskrit scholar, and became his only listener. There are more than 40 classes in a semester, and Ji Xianlin studies very hard. The Buddhist scripture "Great Events" has three thick volumes, which are written in mixed Sanskrit. He races against time and devotes himself to reading and writing. "Turn on the electric light to continue, and stay in poverty forever".

　　From December 1940 to February 1941, Ji Xianlin got four "excellent" in thesis defense and Indian studies, Slavic language and English exams, and obtained a doctorate. Because of the war, there was no way to return home, so I had to stay in Columbia. In October, I worked as a teacher in the Institute of Sinology at the University of G? ttingen, while continuing to study the mixed Sanskrit of Buddhism, and published many important papers in the Journal of the Academy of Sciences of G? ttingen. "This is the golden age of my academic life, and I haven’t seen it since." Postdoctoral years, it is the eve of the collapse of fascism, Germany is short of material, and Ji Xianlin, a foreigner, is inevitably struggling in the "hunger hell", suffering from the war disaster like the German people. As an overseas traveler, I have a deep affection for my hometown, especially feeling that "when there is poverty in the corner of the world, there is only endless lovesickness", and the thoughts of my motherland and my family are lingering day and night. "I look down at the gray sky, and in tears, I conjure up my mother’s face."

　　In 1941, he received a doctorate in philosophy from the University of G? ttingen. Later, he studied under linguist e. Sikh studies Tohoku.

　　In October, 1945, shortly after the end of World War II, he hurried to the road and returned to Switzerland, "just like a dream of spring, it flew over in ten years". After leaving G? ttingen for 35 years, in 1980, Ji Xianlin led a social science delegation from China to visit the city again, and then called on the 83-year-old Waldschmitten to meet each other like a dream. Later, he made a touching famous article "Return to Gottingen".

　　In May 1946, he arrived in Shanghai and went to Nanjing, where he met Li Changzhi again. After Li introduced him, he met the essayist Liang Shiqiu and the poet Cang Kejia. In Nanjing, he paid a visit to Chen Yinque, the mentor of Tsinghua’s period. Chen recommended him to teach in Peking University, and then he paid a visit to Fu Sinian, the acting principal of Peking University in Nanjing. Autumn, back to Peiping, called on Tang Yongtong, Dean of Peking University College of Literature.

　　From 1946 to 1983, he was hired by Peking University as a professor and head of the Department of Oriental Languages and Literature, and founded the Department in Peking University. Colleagues include Ma Jian, an Arabic linguist, and Jin Kemu, an Indian scientist. After liberation, he continued to be a professor and head of the Department of Oriental Studies at Peking University, engaged in department affairs, scientific research and translation. Anna seghers’s Collection of Short Stories (1955) has been published in German, and the Sanskrit literary works have been translated into Chinese, including Indian Galindo Sagondaro (script, 1956), Indian ancient fable story collection, Five Books (1959) and Indian Galindo’s You Li Po Shi (script, In February 1956, he was appointed as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences. In 1954, 1959 and 1964, he was elected as the second, third and fourth members of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. He visited India, Myanmar, East Germany, the former Soviet Union, Iraq, Egypt, Syria and other countries as the cultural emissary of China. During the Cultural Revolution, he was brutally persecuted by the Gang of Four and its Beijing minions. In 1978, he returned and continued to serve as the head of the Department of Oriental Languages in Peking University, and was appointed as the vice president of Peking University and the director of South Asian Institute in Peking University. Elected as a member of the Fifth Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. In 1983, he was elected as the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People’s Congress.

　　In 1956, he was a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences. He was once a member of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and the head of the foreign language and literature review group, the president of the second Chinese Language Society, the president of the China Foreign Language Teaching Research Association, the honorary president of the Chinese National Ancient Characters Research Association, the representative and standing member of the 6th National People’s Congress, the member of the editorial board of Encyclopedia of China and the director of the editorial board of Language and Characters Volume. His academic achievements are most prominent in the study of Indo-European languages in the Middle Ages. His main works are: The Displacement of Finite Verbs in the Ode to the Great Event (in 1941, he systematically summarized the various morphological adjustments of verbs in mixed Sanskrit used in the Ode to the Great Event in Hinayana Buddhism), and The transformation of suffix -am to -o and -u in Middle Indian languages (in 1944, It has been found and proved that the conversion of the suffix -am to -o and -u is one of the characteristics of Kendra in the northwest Indian dialect in Middle Ages), Language Problems of Primitive Buddhism (1985) (the existence of Primitive Buddhist Scriptures, the language policy of Primitive Buddhism, the historical origin and characteristics of Buddhist mixed Sanskrit, etc.), and Tuhuoluo Texts of Prince Fuli’s Karma Sutra (various variants of Tuhuoluo Texts) As a literary translator, his translations mainly include: Shagongdaro (1956), Five-volume Book (1959), Youliposhi (1959) and Ramayana (7 volumes,1980 ~ 1984), anna seghers’s Short Stories, etc. As a writer, his works mainly include Tianzhu Heart Shadow (1980), Langrun Collection (1981), Ji Xianlin Prose Collection (1987) and Miscellaneous Memories of the Cowshed.

　　From 1978 to 1984, he served as the vice president of Peking University. His works have been compiled into Collected Works of Ji Xianlin, with a total of 24 volumes.

　　In 1988, he served as Chairman of the Board of Trustees of China Cultural College. He has visited Germany, Japan and Thailand as a scholar.

　　Mr. Ji has been teaching at Peking University for many years, and he has profound attainments in linguistics, culturology, history, Buddhism teaching, Indian studies and comparative literature. He has studied and translated Sanskrit works and many classics from Germany and Britain, and now he insists on reading and writing every day even in the ward.

　　Mr Ji Xianlin is admired not only for his knowledge, but also for his character. He said: Even in the most difficult times, he did not lose his conscience. His book is not only a portrayal of the old gentleman’s personal life, but also a reflection of the course of intellectuals in China in the past century. Ji Xianlin’s "Miscellaneous Notes on His Sick Bed" has been released recently. In the book, Mr. Ji Xianlin used insightful words to clarify for the first time what he thought of the three laurels "Master of Chinese Studies", "Academic Leader" and "National Treasure" that had been "added" to his head by the outside world in recent years. He said: "I was freed from the three laurels. The foam on my body was washed away, revealing my true face and everyone was happy. "

　　Since the late 1970s, he has held academic posts: Vice President of China Foreign Literature Society (1978), President of South Asia Society of China (1979), Honorary President of China Society of Ethnography (1980), President of China Foreign Language Teaching Research Association (1981), President of Chinese Language Society (1983), Vice President of Dunhuang Turpan Society of China (1983) and History of China. Vice President of China Higher Education Society (1984), Director of China Writers Society (1985), Honorary President of China Comparative Literature Society (1985), President of China Asian-African Society (1990), etc. In April 1998, Miscellaneous Memories of Cowshed was published (draft from March 1988 to April 1989, finalized in June 1992). The publishing industry believes that "this is a book written with tears and blood." This is the best gift left by a generation of masters to future generations. " Ji Xianlin’s academic research, in his own words, is: "Brahma, Buddhism and Tuhuoluowen are studied simultaneously, while China literature, comparative literature and literary theory are studied in Qi Fei.

　　He was one of the winners of "Touching China in 2006"

　　Ji Xianlin is a famous contemporary linguist. Prose writer An expert in the study of oriental culture. He is known as a "master in academic circles" because of his extensive knowledge of the past and the present.

　　Joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1956.

　　In 1930, he was admitted to Tsinghua University Western Language Department.

　　After graduating in 1934, he taught at Shandong Provincial High School in Jinan.

　　In 1935, he was admitted to Tsinghua University as an exchange graduate student, went to Germany to study, and studied Sanskrit, Pali, Tuhuoluo and other ancient languages at the University of G? ttingen.

　　Received a doctorate in philosophy in 1941.

　　Returning to China in 1946, he served as Professor Peking University, Professor and Head of the Department of Oriental Languages and Literature.

　　The scope of Ji Xianlin’s academic research:

　　1。 Ancient Indian languages, especially Buddhist Sanskrit.

　　2。 tu huo luo wen

　　3。 Ancient Indian literature

　　4。 History of Indian Buddhism

　　5。 History of Buddhism in China

　　6。 History of Buddhism in Central Asia

　　7。 Tang Shi

　　8。 History of Sino-Indian Cultural Exchange

　　9。 History of cultural exchange between China and foreign countries

　　10。 Differences and commonalities between Chinese and western cultures

　　Eleven. Aesthetics and China’s Ancient Literary Theory

　　Twelve. German and western literature

　　Thirteen. Comparative literature and folk literature

　　14。 Prose and essay creation

　　This classification is only a general situation. Ji Xianlin’s academic achievements are summarized by Professor Zhang Guanglin and Mr. Ling Ke from the Department of Oriental Studies in Peking University. Ji Xianlin’s academic achievements generally include the following 10 aspects: (1) Research on the ancient Indian language-the change of finite verbs in the great event, the suffix -am, the transformation to -o and -u in the Middle Indian language, and the use of indefinite past tense as the standard for determining the age and source of Buddhist scriptures. (2) Study of Buddhist History-He is one of the few Buddhist teaching scholars at home and abroad who can really use the original Buddhist scriptures to study. He combines the study of the changing law of Indian medieval language with the study of Buddhist history to find out the generation, evolution and spread of major Buddhist classics, so as to determine the generation and spread of important Buddhist factions; (3) Research on Toxophone Language-The early representative work "Parallel Versions of Toxophone Scripts of Prince Fuli" created a successful method for the semantic research of Toxophone Language. Since 1948, it has been translating and interpreting the Toxophone script "Meeting with Maitreya" collected in Xinjiang Museum, and in 1980, it has also published the newly discovered Toxophone language A "Meeting with Maitreya" in Turpan, Xinjiang in the 1970s. (4) Research on the history of cultural exchange between China and China-Issues on the time and place of’s paper and papermaking methods being imported into India, Preliminary Study on the issue of Indian silk being imported into India, etc.As well as the argument that some components of The Journey to the West originated from India, it shows that Chinese and Indian cultures "learn from each other, have their own innovations, interact with each other and penetrate each other"; (5) Research on the history of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries-Edited Notes on the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty and Modern Translation of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty in the 1980s, and wrote a Preface to the Notes of 100,000 words, which is an important achievement in the research of the history of the western regions in China for decades. The Sugar History completed in 1996 shows ancient China, India, Persia, Arabia, Egypt, Southeast Asia, and Europe and Europe. (6) Translation and introduction of Indian literary works and Indian literary studies-Ramayana is one of the two ancient epics, with more than 20,000 poems and more than 90,000 lines translated into Chinese. After 10 years of unremitting efforts, Ji Xianlin finally finished the translation, which is an unprecedented event in the history of translation in China; (7) Comparative Literature Research-In the early 1980s, he first advocated the restoration of comparative literature research and called for the establishment of the China School of Comparative Literature, which made great contributions to the revival of comparative literature in China; (8) The study of oriental culture began in the late 1980s, and it strongly advocated the study of oriental culture, and edited the large-scale cultural series "Integration of Oriental Culture", with more than 50O species and more than 8OO volumes, which is expected to be completed in 15 years; (9) Preserving and rescuing the ancient books and records of the motherland-in the 1990s, serving as the chief editor of two giant series, namely, "Sikuquanshu preserved catalogue series" and "handed down books"; (10) Prose creation-since I wrote prose at the age of 17, I have been writing for decades.There are more than 800,000 words. When celebrating Ji Xianlin’s 88th birthday, Zhong Jingwen said, "The highest realm of literature is simplicity, and Mr. Ji’s works have reached this realm. He is simple because he is sincere. " "I love my husband’s good writing, as an old saying goes."

　　Since the late 1980s, Ji Xianlin has put forward many personal opinions and judgments on important issues such as culture, China culture, East-West cultural system, East-West cultural exchange, and human culture in the 21st century, which has aroused widespread concern at home and abroad.

　　Note: Ji Xianlin: Winner of Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation Culture.

　　Introduction to awards

　　"Lifelong Achievement Award for Translation Culture" was established by the decision of the fifth executive meeting of the fifth session of translators association of china in 2006. This is the first award issued by translators association of china. This honorary award is not a permanent award. It is awarded to a living, influential and respected translator who has made outstanding achievements in translation and cultural communication. On September 26th, 2006, at the age of 95, Mr. Ji Xianlin became the first winner of the Lifetime Achievement Award of Translation Culture.

　　Ji Xianlin, born in August 1911, was born in Qingping County (now Linqing City). Famous linguist, translator, educator and social activist. In 1930, he joined the Department of Western Literature in Tsinghua University, majoring in English literature and studying German and French literature. At the same time, he took courses in the translation of Buddhist scriptures by Mr. Chen Yinque and the literary psychology of Mr. Zhu Guangqian, and devoted himself to the translation of foreign literary works and prose creation after school. In 1935, he was admitted to Tsinghua University as an exchange graduate student with Germany, and then he went to the University of G? ttingen in Germany to study Indian studies. In 1941, he received a doctorate in philosophy. He returned to China in 1946 and served as Professor Peking University, Head of the Department and Vice President of Peking University.

　　After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Ji Xianlin was elected to the first Beijing Municipal People’s Congress, the second, third, fourth and fifth Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Committee members, and was elected to the Sixth National People’s Congress in 1983. Since the same year, he has served as the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People’s Congress and enjoyed a high social reputation. He has also served as a member of China Character Reform Committee, member of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and head of foreign language and literature review group, president of Chinese Language Society, president of China Foreign Language Teaching Research Association, member of Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences, executive director of China Historical Society, director of Chinese Writers Association, vice president and honorary director of translators association of china, vice president of China Foreign Literature Society, president of South Asia Society of China, and president of Dunhuang Turpan Society of China. Honorary President of China National Ancient Characters Research Association, Honorary President of China Comparative Literature Society, Member of the Editorial Board of Encyclopedia of China, President of China Oriental Culture Research Association, Consultant of international confucian association, President of Asia-Africa Society, Honorary President of Macau Cultural Research Association, etc. He is one of the founders of translators association of china, and was elected honorary president of China Translation Association in November 2004 at the Fifth National Council Meeting of China Translation Association.

　　For decades, Ji Xianlin has worked hard in the research and translation of English, German, Sanskrit and other literary works, with nearly four million words published. His main works include Essays on the History of Sino-Indian Cultural Relations, A Brief History of India, A Preliminary Study of Ramayana, Essays on Ancient Indian Languages, Buddhism and Sino-Indian Cultural Exchanges, A Concise History of Oriental Literature, History of Sugar, Translation and Interpretation of Tuhuoluowen (Meeting with Maitreya) and so on. Main translations: On Indian by Marx, Collection of anna seghers’s Short Stories, etc. Translated from Sanskrit, there are the famous ancient Indian epic Ramayana (seven volumes), the famous Indian dramas Shagongdaro and Youliposhi, and the ancient Indian folk story collection Five Books, etc. Translated from English, such as "Tagore in the Family" by Matriere devi. In addition, Ji Xianlin has edited books such as Sikuquanshu Catalogue Series, Handed down Books, Integration of Chinese Culture, Integration of Oriental Culture, etc.

　　The main awards won are:

　　In 1986, the collection of essays on ancient Indian languages won the first scientific research achievement award in Peking University.

　　In 1987, the collection of essays "Language Problems of Primitive Buddhism" won the honorary award of outstanding achievements in philosophy and social sciences and policy research in Beijing.

　　In 1989, state language commission awarded the honorary certificate of "thirty years of language and writing work".

　　In 1990, the collection of essays on the history of Sino-Indian cultural relations won the "Honorary Award for Works" in the first national comparative literature book awards.

　　In 1992, the editor-in-chief of "Notes on the Records of the Western Regions of Datang" won the first national ancient books sorting book award.

　　In 1992, Sanskrit University in varanasi awarded the highest honor award "Certificate of Commendation".

　　In 1997, The History of Oriental Linguistics, the editor-in-chief, won the third National Book Award.

　　In 1997, The History of Indian Ancient Literature won the second prize of the national teaching achievement, and in 1999, it won the second prize of the excellent achievement prize of the National Social Science Foundation project.

　　In 1998, Tehran University awarded an honorary doctorate.

　　In 1999, The Collected Works of Ji Xianlin (24 volumes) won the 4th National Book Award.

　　In 2000, the monograph "The Track of Cultural Exchange-The History of Chinese Sugar" won the Yangtze River Reading Award "Expert Works Award".

　　In 2000, he obtained a gold certificate of doctoral degree from the University of G? ttingen, Germany.

　　On September 26th, 2006, Ji Xianlin was awarded the "Lifetime Achievement Award of Translation Culture" at the International Translation Day and Senior Translator Commendation Conference of China Translation Association. Mr. Ji Xianlin’s character was admired, not only because of his knowledge, but also because of his character. He said: Even in the most difficult times, he did not lose his conscience. His book is not only a portrayal of the old gentleman’s personal life, but also a reflection of the course of intellectuals in China in the past century. Ji Xianlin’s "Miscellaneous Notes on His Sick Bed" has been released recently. In the book, Mr. Ji Xianlin used insightful words to clarify for the first time what he thought of the three laurels "Master of Chinese Studies", "Academic Leader" and "National Treasure" that had been "added" to his head by the outside world in recent years. He said: "I was freed from the three laurels. The foam on my body was washed away, revealing my true face and everyone was happy. "

　　This newspaper specially extracts several paragraphs from Ji Lao’s words to see how the 97-year-old man treats the brilliant aura that covers his head-

　　■ The word "Master of Chinese Studies"

　　"Look around, my friend China is better than his own, and there are many people. Under such circumstances, I have monopolized the title of’ Master of Chinese Studies’, and I am not old! "

　　Now, in some more formal documents, there is also a brilliant aura of "master of Chinese studies" above my head. This is not out of thin air, which has a historical origin.

　　About ten or twenty years ago, China’s reform and opening up achieved great results and its economy developed rapidly. Cultural construction has also become active accordingly. Once, a meeting was held in the Peking University lecture hall, which has not been rebuilt, to talk about Chinese studies to the students. At that time, there were five professors sitting on the rostrum, and everyone gave a talk. I was ranked first, and now I have forgotten what I said. A senior reporter, an alumnus of Peking University, wrote a long article in the newspaper "The upsurge of Chinese studies quietly rises in Yanyuan". Since then, four of the professors, including me, have been called "masters of Chinese studies". All three of them have a much stronger foundation in Chinese studies than I do. I don’t know what they think of this laurel. I was crowned this laurel myself, but I got goose bumps all over.

　　Speaking of the basics of Chinese studies, I have been studying classics, ancient prose and poetry since primary school. I have dabbled in some important classic works. But I have never worked hard on any classic or writer, because I never wanted to be a sinologist. Later, he devoted himself to other academics and was immersed in them. Besides being able to recite hundreds of poems and dozens of ancient prose; Apart from being able to talk about some issues related to Chinese studies, such as the unity of man and nature, at the largest macro level, my knowledge of Chinese studies has not increased. Looking around, there are many friends who learn the basics of China better than themselves. Under such circumstances, I actually monopolize the title of "Master of Chinese Studies", so I’m not ashamed of my old age (to borrow the words of Peking Opera actresses)! I am not even a "master of Chinese studies", let alone a "master"!

　　To this end, I am here to tell the world: please take the crown of "master of Chinese studies" from my head.

　　■ Two words "academic masters"

　　"Such a person, gusher all over the world is also. However, now it happened that I was "beaten" into a master. Where do I start with this master? "

　　This should be divided into two levels: one is education and the other is humanities and social sciences.

　　First of all, we must figure out what "master" means. Thai, Taishan also; Fighter, Beidou also. Both are considered supreme things.

　　Just talk about education. I have been a teacher all my life, climbing grids. Teaching abroad for 10 years and at home for 57 years. People often say: "No credit, but also hard work." Especially in the past few decades, the general purpose of exercising every day and doing new things is to make you restless and nervous all the time. Under such circumstances, I have been working as an administrator, so it’s hard to make any achievements! Where do I start as a "master"?

　　It is not true that I have made great achievements in the research of humanities and social sciences. It is not true to say that I have no grades at all. Such people, talkative people are all over the world. However, now it happened that I was "beaten" into a master. Where do I start as a master?

　　To this end, I am here to tell the world: please take the crown of "academic (technical) master" from my head.

　　■ Three words "national treasure"

　　"Is it because China has only one Ji Xianlin, so he becomes a" treasure "? However, China’s Zhao Yiqian, Sun San and Li Si, and so on, all have only one. Can China have 1.3 billion’ national treasures’? "

　　In China, when it comes to "national treasure", people will immediately think of the cuddly giant panda that everyone loves. The number of this kind of animal is very small, and it is only found in China. It is called a "national treasure" and it is well deserved. However, about 80 or 90 years ago, at a meeting, a leader in Beijing suddenly called me a "national treasure", and I was extremely amazed. Today, wherever I go, the voice of "national treasure" is resounding. I’m really puzzled. Of course, the crown of "national treasure" is not monopolized by me alone. Several other famous painters and calligraphers also have this title.

　　I want to explore the origin of the name. Is it because there is only one Ji Xianlin in China that he becomes a "treasure"? However, China’s Zhao Yiqian, Sun San Li Si and so on, all have only one. Can China have 1.3 billion "national treasures"?

　　This kind of thing, wishful thinking is useless and completely unnecessary. I came to a screeching halt.

　　To this end, I am here to tell the world: please take the crown of "national treasure" from my head.

　　I won three laurels and gave me a freedom. The foam on my body was washed away, revealing my true colors, and everyone was happy.

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