Lei Jun, chairman of Xiaomi Automobile, responded to "the delivery time of Xiaomi SU7 is too long" during the live broadcast today. "The core problem is that the sales volume is 3-5 times higher than we expected, and an emergency supplier meeting was held a week ago. The original planned standard version and PRO version were delivered at the end of April. In fact, delivery has started today, 12 days ahead of schedule. "

"It’s so obedient that it will automatically open the door as soon as it hears me coming to it. When I wash the car, I have to put my mobile phone far away." On April 18th, at the Shanghai Auto Show, Tang Wei, the owner of Zhiji, shared that the car is smart, but I hope it won’t automatically open the door when washing the car. Tamia Liu, co-CEO of Zhiji Automobile, responded at the scene and iterated at the fastest speed.

Intelligentization brings a lot of convenience to the car. Taking the mobile phone as an example, it can replace the function of the car key, start the air conditioner remotely, unlock it, authorize friends to drive the car, etc. When the owner approaches the car with his mobile phone, there are interactions such as flashing lights, honking horns and opening the car door.

However, just like what happened in Tang Wei, while intelligence brings convenience, it will bring some new troubles due to thoughtlessness. The interaction between Tang Wei as the owner of Zhiji and the brand has also become a vivid scene of automobile intelligence ecology. Automobile intelligent manufacturers have designed many scenes to meet the wishes that can only be imagined but cannot be realized in the traditional automobile era. In the process of using, the owner found unreasonable points, and the comprehensive data was continuously fed and learned. After investigation, design, feedback and promotion, the upgrade iteration was quickly completed.

The intelligent problem raised by Tang Wei is the focus of the release of Zhiji at the Shanghai Auto Show. The AI4M intelligent strategy announced by Zhiji takes "AI" artificial intelligence as the core, so that cars can observe, think and act like "people", and the goal is to let everyone have a dedicated driver.

In order to achieve this goal, Zhiji said that it will rely on the scientific and technological accumulation of SAIC for many years and the core self-research of Zhiji Automobile since its establishment three years ago, and at the same time deepen the strategic cooperation with Alibaba Cloud, Zebra Zhixing, Momenta and other leading forces in the field of intelligent technology in China, actively lay out the whole chain closed-loop innovation of the brand-new intelligent electrical architecture, and launch the "China Intelligent Scheme".

Zhiji believes that the AI era has accelerated the landing speed of artificial intelligence in the real world. In the field of autonomous driving, perceptual intelligence and cognitive intelligence are two key issues that need to be solved urgently. In the past few years, perceptual intelligence has received full attention from the whole industry. While improving perceptual intelligence, Zhiji cooperated with Momenta, a global head intelligent driving algorithm player, to launch the industry’s first D.L.P artificial intelligence decision planning model.

Zhiji took the lead in using deep learning to plan, greatly improving the takeover rate and realizing the driving ability like an old human driver. According to the on-site introduction of Tamia Liu, the current takeover rate is about once per 100 kilometers, and it will increase tenfold every two years. In the future, the takeover mileage will increase to once per 1000 kilometers or even once per 10,000 kilometers.

Based on this strategy, the high-speed elevated NOA (Automatic Aided Navigation System) will be launched on Zhiji L7 at the end of April. The first batch of open cities will be "Shanghai, Jiangsu, Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Lake", and LS7 will be upgraded and promoted to the whole country within this year.

By then, NOA of Zhiji can carry out dynamic path planning for closed high-speed elevated roads, and complete lane keeping, automatic speed adjustment, active lane change overtaking, automatic up-and-down ramp and other behaviors within the design area.

Tamia Liu emphasized that after completing the game calculation of active lane change and gap insertion, the driving quality is actually a highlight of Zhiji. Zhiji NOA’s driving behavior deeply learns from professional drivers, not frequently accelerating and decelerating, but making reasonable and comfortable actions to complete the instructions.

Zhiji said that the intelligent strategy with AI as the core is not just a written plan. In the second half of 2023, an intelligent medium-sized city cross-border SUV will be launched to solve the pain points of users in urban travel with intelligent solutions. An intelligent sports coupe, which is expected to be launched in 2024, is equipped with the latest Qualcomm 8295 high computing power chip, takes the lead in adopting solid-state batteries and adopts a brand-new three-electric system including carbon fiber rotor technology. The car will enter the "2-second acceleration club" and fully reproduce the F1 driving experience. The two models launched in 2025 are based on a new vector magic architecture and a modular magnetic open platform, which reconstructs the vehicle space and allows users to enjoy a subversive intelligent experience.

Upstream journalist sang Jian

Editor: Kevin·Z

Editor: Wu Jian

Audit: Mao Dan

　　The widely circulated online articles also questioned lithium batteries, including: lithium batteries are highly toxic, short-lived, explosive and harsh in use conditions; Unable to recycle, resulting in great environmental pressure … … Is this really the case? The "Verification" column of People’s Daily continued to interview many industry experts to explore the truth.

　　Lithium batteries are highly toxic and dangerous goods?

　　Response: Lithium batteries do not contain toxic substances, and the impact is far less than that of lead-acid batteries.

　　"Strictly speaking, lithium-ion batteries and lithium batteries are still conceptually different." Wang Fang, chief expert in the field of power batteries in China Automotive Technology Research Center, secretary-general and senior engineer of battery testing and application technology alliance, said that lithium batteries usually refer to batteries with lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode and non-aqueous electrolyte. Lithium-ion battery refers to rechargeable secondary battery, the negative electrode does not use metal lithium, and it works by lithium ion moving between the positive and negative electrodes. However, in daily life, people are used to calling lithium-ion batteries lithium batteries or lithium batteries for short.

　　It is understood that most of the new energy vehicles promoted in China (including pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles) use lithium-ion batteries, of which Ferrous lithium phosphate accounts for 80%— 90%, ternary lithium batteries have also been widely used in passenger cars.

　　In response to the statement that lithium batteries are "highly toxic dangerous goods" pointed out in the online article, Wang Fang refuted that lithium batteries do not produce any toxic and harmful heavy metal elements and substances such as lead acid, nickel chromium and nickel hydrogen, and are relatively less polluted. And its electrolyte is organic solvent and lithium salt, mostly non-toxic or low-toxic; However, the decomposition or hydrolysis products of lithium batteries are hydrofluoric acid and other fluorine-containing compounds, which are corrosive and toxic.

　　Liu Haojie, a researcher-level senior engineer at the 18th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group, said that the lithium-ion battery itself does not contain toxic substances, and the carbon in the negative electrode and the metal oxide in the positive electrode are basically non-toxic. Because lithium-ion batteries belong to a sealed system, they will not be exposed to these substances in normal use. "In any case, its impact is far less than that of the most widely used lead-acid battery at present."

　　Lithium batteries have short life and harsh conditions?

　　Response: The life of power lithium-ion battery can reach 2000 cycles, and the battery management system can limit "overcharge and overdischarge".

　　How long is the current lithium battery life? Will shallow charging and discharging and overcharge and overdischarge affect the safety and life of the battery?

　　"There are many factors that determine the service life of power lithium-ion batteries, including the characteristics of the system itself, as well as the manufacturing process and working conditions. A high-quality battery system and scientific system management can achieve a long service life. " Wang Fang said that according to the cut-off condition that the capacity decays to 80% and the discharge depth test of 100%, the life of power batteries can basically reach 2000 cycles.

　　"Overcharging and overdischarge means that the voltage of the battery exceeds or falls below the specified cut-off voltage during charging and discharging, which will bring harm to the performance and life of the battery." Wang Fang said, but the BMS battery management system in the battery will limit and protect it. It will limit the charging of the battery at low temperature and recharge it when it is heated to a suitable temperature. Wang Fang said that in order to ensure the safety of lithium-ion batteries, there are a series of safety protection designs from battery cells, modules to battery systems to prevent the batteries from being overcharged and over-cooled, and alarm and protect them in time in case of abnormality.

　　It is mentioned in the net that there have been media reports that "Tianjin No.18 Institute has proved that lithium batteries burn and explode in almost all projects such as high temperature and high pressure, puncture and impact, and overcharge and overdischarge".

　　In this regard, Liu Yanlong, secretary general of China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association, said that at the end of May 2014, the 18th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group was interviewed by the media, but the phenomenon of battery burning and explosion in the program was caused by dismantling the protection circuit according to the requirements of program recording, and then conducting abuse experiments. The main purpose of this experiment is to let users know about the possible dangerous situation of ternary lithium battery without protective measures under abuse conditions.

　　"The safety of lithium-ion batteries is theoretically controllable, and most of the safety problems are caused by product defects and abuse." Liu Yanlong said. "But the safety of battery cells, modules and systems alone is not enough to ensure the absolute safety of electric vehicles equipped with lithium batteries." Li Ping, Chairman of Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (CATL), introduced the current top Model— S used 7104 Panasonic ternary lithium batteries, and made great efforts in battery safety protection, including setting sensors, being controlled by battery control system, and using a large number of high-strength aluminum alloys and other materials for collision protection. With these safety designs, the probability of safety accidents still reaches one in ten thousand.

　　Wang Qinghua, a researcher-level senior engineer at the 18th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group, also pointed out that the products in the electric vehicle battery market are mixed, and the batteries produced by some manufacturers have poor consistency, and the effectiveness of the management system is not very effective. The problem of a single battery will have a certain impact on the overall life of the battery pack. In this regard, Wang Qinghua suggested that the government should improve the corresponding test and verification standards and strengthen the management, supervision and testing of the electric vehicle market.

　　Is the pollution of waste lithium batteries uncontrollable?

　　Response: Due to relatively small environmental risks, lithium batteries have not been included in hazardous waste management, but the recycling system should be laid out as soon as possible.

　　Is there a compulsory recycling policy for lithium batteries at present? Is it true that waste lithium batteries will cause great environmental pressure, as stated in the online article? Wang Fang said that at this stage, waste batteries that are included in hazardous waste management by environmental protection departments include waste cadmium-nickel batteries and waste lead-acid batteries. Disposable batteries, lithium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, etc. are not included in hazardous waste management because of their relatively small environmental risks.

　　However, when waste lithium-ion batteries enter the environment, the electrode materials and electrolyte react with other substances in the environment, such as hydrolysis and oxidation, which may cause heavy metal ion pollution such as nickel, cobalt and manganese, fluorine pollution and some organic pollution. So, can these pollutions be controlled?

　　Wang Fang said that for the treatment of lithium-ion batteries, the "Recycling Policy for Power Batteries of Electric Vehicles (2015 Edition)" drafted by the Environmental Protection Department of the National Development and Reform Commission stipulates that wet smelting technology is encouraged to treat waste lithium-ion batteries, and the comprehensive recovery rate of nickel, cobalt and manganese should be no less than 98%. "For the processing technology of lithium-ion batteries, China has always had research teams from universities and conducted cooperation and exchanges with the United States." Wang Fang said.

　　On January 8th, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Industry Standard Announcement on the Comprehensive Utilization of Waste Power Batteries of New Energy Vehicles (Draft for Comment), which intends to implement dynamic management of enterprises for the comprehensive utilization of waste power batteries of new energy vehicles, and entrust relevant professional organizations to assist in the relevant work of announcement management.

　　Hu Shuqing, chief expert and researcher-level senior engineer of China Electronics Science and Technology Corporation, said that for lithium-ion batteries with Ferrous lithium phosphate, lithium manganate and ternary materials with low cobalt content as positive active materials, due to the low commercial value of recycling, enterprises are not interested. The recycling of these used batteries must be issued by the state policy, in order to successfully realize the closed loop of the industry. At present, China has issued some policies and standards, such as the classification of used batteries, storage and transportation norms, and technical policies for pollution prevention and control of solid waste and hazardous waste, but they are not sufficient.

　　"The work of recycling lithium-ion batteries should be laid out as soon as possible." Wang Binggang, head of the National 863 Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Project Supervision and Consulting Expert Group, said that to establish a power battery recycling system, it is necessary to improve battery standardization, establish a code traceability system, implement strict reward and punishment measures, and conduct qualification management for recycling enterprises.

　　(Reporter Wang Zheng Zhu Hong)

　　The sudden entry of "giants" broke the development rhythm of the whole community group buying track, and the rules of the game changed accordingly. The industry has changed from "innovation" and "implementation" to "capital" and "subsidy". It is not surprising that the life of the same journey has walked out of an inverted "V" trajectory from rise to fall.

　　The "giants" are still involved in the track of community group buying, but the startup companies that started first were "conveniently" crushed. On the morning of July 7, Tongcheng Life (now renamed Honey Orange Life), a community group buying platform, officially declared bankruptcy. According to the reporter, its founder, chairman and CEO He Pengyu was still talking with suppliers that night. During more than four hours of talks, he shed tears several times and promised to try his best to pay off his debts, but there was nothing he could do.

　　Tongcheng Life is not the first enterprise to declare bankruptcy in the community group buying circuit, but its bankruptcy was called "the first case of bankruptcy in community group buying" by the media because of its high popularity, which caused a shock in the industry.

　　Why is the same life "sudden death"? What is the situation of community group buying now? The reporter interviewed some people familiar with the matter.

　　From innovation to subsidies.

　　The usual reason for a company’s bankruptcy is poor management, but living together — — This company, which was established in January 2018 and belongs to Suzhou Fresh Orange Technology Co., Ltd., is obviously not included here. From He Pengyu’s internal letters to employees and suppliers, we can clearly see the inverted "V" trajectory of Tongcheng life from its rise to its rapid "fall". According to He Pengyu’s open letter, it only took about a year and a half. "Tongcheng Life has achieved a front-end performance and entered a benign development stage."

　　At that time, Tongcheng Life was still the star of the community group buying track, which was recognized by many investment institutions. According to reports, in 2019, Tongcheng Life received four consecutive rounds of financing, ranging from tens of millions of yuan to 100 million US dollars. In June 2020, Tongcheng Life announced that it had completed the $200 million Series C financing. According to public reports, it was valued at about $1 billion before bankruptcy, and it can be regarded as a small and beautiful startup company.

　　In recent two years, the community group buying model developed from fresh e-commerce has rapidly developed into a new format of e-commerce industry, which provides a new way to promote agriculture and enrich farmers and attract flexible employment in cities and towns, and also attracts a large number of entrepreneurial teams. Ten Hui Tuan, Xingsheng Youxuan and Tongcheng Life are the three fastest teams, which were once called "the third group" by the outside world.

　　However, the booming community group buying market has also attracted "giants" to enter the market. Since September, 2020, Ali, Meituan, Didi, Pinduoduo and others have offered "big killers" of price wars, and "buying food for one cent" has become popular, even the vendors in the vegetable market have felt the pressure.

　　The sudden entry of "giants" broke the development rhythm of the whole community group buying track, and the rules of the game changed accordingly. The industry has changed from "innovation" and "implementation" to "capital" and "subsidy".

　　According to the reporter’s understanding, in the face of the sudden crisis of survival, Tongcheng Life has also struggled, and at the same time, it has also sought capital mergers and acquisitions. It has discussed the acquisition intentions with JD.COM, Ali, ByteDance, Meituan, etc., and even a team has settled in due diligence, but in the end it failed due to changes in the wind direction of the industry.

　　Li Ming (pseudonym), a former executive of Tongcheng Life, told the reporter, "At the end of June, Tongcheng Life also hoped to get better business data by increasing marketing efforts, and then obtain a ‘ Giant ’ The olive branch of the merger, but unfortunately it was rejected again. Later, due to the expiration of brand authorization, executives decided to start renaming and strategic transformation to make a comeback. Regrettably, at this time, suppliers began to concentrate on collecting money, which eventually led to the break of the capital chain. "

　　At present, community group buying is still in the stage of rapid expansion and growth. Meituan (Meituan Optimization), Pinduoduo, Didi (Orange Heart Optimization) have occupied the head position, and Xingsheng Optimization and Ten Clubs have also been incorporated by JD.COM and Ali. After Tongcheng Life left, community group buying has become a game for "giants".

　　After the shopping, it was a huge loss in the industry.

　　The industry is not surprised by the fall of Tongcheng life. After the community group-buying track entered the era of "giants", it became the norm to fight for prices and head rebates, and no one could achieve positive benefits in the short term, while the service innovation and experience innovation at the customer end came to a standstill, and the internal consumption of the whole industry was serious.

　　It is understood that the current profit rate of the community group buying industry has rapidly declined from profit to loss. Li Ming revealed that before the "giant" entered the market (before September 2020), the monthly sales of a platform with a volume like Tongcheng Life ranged from 800 million yuan to 1.2 billion yuan, and the gross profit was around 20%. After the "giants" entered, with the huge subsidies to consumers and the competition for "heads", the monthly revenue of the platform dropped by more than 80%, and the gross profit directly turned negative, and the whole community group buying market further slipped into the mire of losses in the whole industry.

　　The regulatory authorities have repeatedly taken measures to curb this crazy involution under the disorderly expansion of capital. In December 2020, the General Administration of Market Supervision and the Ministry of Commerce organized an administrative guidance meeting to regulate the order of community group buying, with the participation of six Internet platform enterprises, including Alibaba, Tencent, JD.COM, Meituan, Pinduoduo and Didi. At the meeting, the "nine no’s" of community group buying were put forward. In March this year, the operators behind five community group buying platforms, including Meituan Youxuan (Shenzhen Meituan Youxuan Technology Co., Ltd.), were fined 1.5 million yuan for alleged unfair price behavior.

　　But this still failed to curb the expansion of the "giants". On the one hand, they continue to steal similar "1 cent" activities, on the other hand, they seize the terminal market by greatly increasing the commission rewards and subsidies of "heads". Li Ming said that at present, the rewards and subsidies given by several giants to the "heads" of community group buying terminals have reached the highest level of 15% to 18%, basically subsidizing the platform’s own income. This is irrational competition and is suspected of disguised price war.

　　On July 8, the reporter inquired about some community group buying platforms, which not only had the activity of "sending 15 eggs in 5 days", but also had 1.25 yuan a catty of sand sweet potatoes and 0.99 yuan a red heart pitaya. On the community fresh-keeping platform, the single pitaya with red heart is from 4 yuan to 5 yuan, and the sweet potato in sandy land costs 5 yuan a catty, which is much higher than the community group buying platform.

　　Behind the shopping price and subsidies is the huge loss of the whole industry. According to public reports, in the first quarter of this year, the adjusted net loss of Meituan reached 3.892 billion yuan, and the investment of Meituan in community group buying business was about 10 billion yuan, which is expected to reach 20 billion yuan this year. In the first quarter, Pinduoduo’s gross profit dropped to 49.74%, and Pinduoduo invested about 6 billion yuan in buying more vegetables, and will increase investment in 2021.

　　Suppliers are affected by the mess.

　　From the booming performance to being forced to declare bankruptcy and exit, the collapse of Tongcheng Life is not only regrettable, but also left a chicken feather.

　　In the early morning of July 8, He Peng Yu issued an open letter through his personal circle of friends, proposing three solutions to the bankruptcy of Tongcheng Life: to protect the rights and interests of all creditors to the maximum extent within the scope of law; Make every effort to preserve the existing assets, hand them over to the court for proper sealing and disposal, actively cooperate with the government’s guidance, and pay off the debts with the company’s assets; If the assets are not enough to pay off the debts, He Pengyu promises to start a business again. "I will record every debt clearly and try my best to repay the debts."

　　It is also known that on July 8, Tongcheng Life issued a repayment plan for the supplier before starting the bankruptcy liquidation procedure. It had already paid the salary for employees in June and promised to pay social security for employees in the future.

　　Although the entrepreneurial team of Tongcheng Life tried its best to make up for it, there were still many vegetable farmers, small vendors and even large and medium-sized suppliers who failed to get the payment on time.

　　Since 2019, an animal husbandry company has cooperated with Tongcheng Life to supply eggs, and it has been owed nearly 800,000 yuan. After the crisis of Tongcheng life broke out, Mr. Wang, the person in charge of the company, came to ask for arrears. "There are hundreds of egg farmers behind me, so I have to go to the door to collect debts."

　　According to the latest situation, on July 8, Tongcheng Life has started to repay some of its suppliers’ debts in advance, and the rest will be distributed by the court after the bankruptcy liquidation procedure is started. At present, the work is still in progress in an orderly manner.

　　As of the morning of July 9, more than 600 suppliers have reached repayment agreements with Fresh Orange Technology, and the money mainly comes from the loan raised by He Pengyu and the team.

　　On July 9, Mr. Wang booked a return ticket with the repayment agreement. But next time, if the community group buying platform collapses again, can suppliers be so lucky?

　　Can Mr. Li buy a tablet computer for 25.1 yuan from the paper towel respondents? There is really no pie falling in the sky. A few days ago, a number of consumers reported to the complaint platform of the quality report that a few days ago, they participated in the activity of buying a brand of tablet computers for 25.1 yuan launched by Tmall’s "Hanzhong Manotti Store". Unexpectedly, after paying for the purchase, they received a pack of paper towels.

　　On September 10th, The Paper first asked the store as a consumer whether there was any activity of snapping up tablets for 25.1 yuan, and the customer service of the store said that "tablets don’t have 25.1 yuan"; When asked why someone took part in the 25.1 yuan rush to buy a tablet computer, but received a pack of paper towels, the customer service never replied.

　　The Paper then called the store’s Shenzhen Manotti Trading Co., Ltd., but the phone could not be connected. Entering the sales page of this tablet computer in the online store shows that the product has been removed from the shelf.

　　According to one of the consumers, Mr. Li, on August 30th, a friend shared a 25.1-yuan activity launched by Tmall’s "Hanzhong Manotti Store" on WeChat group, and he placed an order to buy a new brand T8 ultra-thin 2019 tablet. After receiving the 20 yuan coupon, he actually only paid 5.1 yuan.

　　Surprisingly, a few days later, Mr. Li received the goods and opened the package with a pack of paper towels. He applied for a refund after repeatedly reporting to the store’s customer service that there was no result.

　　The negotiation record between Mr. Jiang and the store. Together with Mr. Li, Mr. Liu and Mr. Jiang, his WeChat friends, bought the tablet computer of the online store. Liu and Jiang told The Paper that they refused the store’s refund request after receiving the paper towels and asked the store to reissue the tablet computer.

　　According to the chat record between Mr. Jiang and the customer service of the store, he asked the merchant to reissue the tablet. The customer service said that Mr. Jiang had taken a deposit, saying that if he wanted the tablet, he would have to pay 300 yuan, otherwise he would only send a gift to Mr. Jiang by courier. At the strong request of Mr. Jiang, the customer service also said that it would reissue "genuine products".

　　Mr. Jiang asked the store to reissue the tablet case. On September 9, Mr. Jiang received the "genuine" tablet case reissued by the store. He thought it was a tablet computer, but when he opened the parcel, the so-called "genuine" was actually a tablet computer "full netcom leather case".

　　The order shows that the purchased product is a tablet computer. The Paper noticed that the online shopping order of Mr. Jiang and others showed that the purchased product was a brand "T8 ultra-thin 2019 new tablet computer 12 inches", which was configured as "the official standard of mobile Unicom’s 4G+WiFi video version 32G", and the price was 25.1 yuan. After deducting 20 yuan from the store coupon, the consumer actually paid 5.1 yuan.

　　As of the afternoon of September 10th, four tablet computers were sold in the "Hanzhong Manotti Store", with prices ranging from 278 to 1010 yuan. The tablet computers purchased by Mr. Jiang and others have been removed from the shelves.

　　In the "evaluation" of this type of tablet computer page, as of September 10th, there were 4,941 comments, and it is suspected that many consumers reflected in the comments that "they bought a tablet computer and received a paper towel".

　　In the Tmall store information, the store involved was opened on August 1, 2019, and the operator was Shenzhen Manotti Trading Co., Ltd., and its business projects included clothing, clothing design, technology development and sales; Operating electronic commerce, etc.

　　Another consumer, Mr. Liu, reflected the situation of "buying a tablet computer and receiving a paper towel" to the Taobao Tmall consumer hotline. Total recall, the Taobao Tmall consumer hotline provided by Mr. Liu, said that in this case, if the consumer confirms the receipt of the goods and feeds back the empty package to the platform, the platform will consider it as a brushing behavior, so it is not recommended that Mr. Liu confirm the receipt and contact him after checking with the merchant.

The product strategy of Baidu Zhijia business group can be divided into three major areas: car, road and line: "car" is to provide smart car solutions for B-end car companies; "Road" is an intelligent solution for urban traffic; "Travel" is a travel service for C-end consumers.

On March 14th-16th, 2023, at the 4th Software-Defined Automobile Forum and AUTOSAR China Day in 2023, Wu Changlong, a senior engineer of Baidu Apollo Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., said that Baidu’s technology accumulation in L4 field and the scale advantage of L2+ products promoted each other, and now it has realized the comprehensive layout of taxi-passenger car-urban transportation. On the technical level, the modular MCU and strong mainline software architecture can meet the needs of parallel development of different models and multiple projects on the same platform; With the support of agile development method and CICD, the output quality can be guaranteed while meeting the rapidly changing internal and external needs.

　

Wu Changlong | Senior Engineer of Baidu Apollo Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.

The following is a summary of the speech:

Development and challenge of Baidu Apollo intelligent driving domain controller

In the past ten years, Baidu has accumulated rich technology and experience in the field of artificial intelligence, and now it applies these leading AI technologies to the automotive field. The product strategy of Baidu’s intelligent driving business group is laid out in three areas, which are car, road and line.

"Car" refers to the intelligence of cars. ASD, Baidu’s smart car division, is a tier1 role that provides full-stack smart car solutions for B-end car customers, including smart driving and smart cabin. At present, it has provided smart car solutions for 31 car companies, 134 models and more than 7 million cars. Baidu’s car is one of Baidu Apollo’s partners, and will be equipped with the full-stack intelligent solution of Baidu smart car, which will be listed this year.

"Road" refers to smart city traffic. At present, Baidu’s smart city transportation has provided solutions for 63 cities across the country, providing efficiency for urban transportation.

"Travel" refers to providing travel services for C-end consumers, which is known as radish running. Last year, Baidu released the sixth generation RT6, which has the ability to drive automatically on complex urban roads, and its cost reached 250,000 yuan. The mass production of RT6 will greatly accelerate the scale and commercialization of unmanned vehicles.

The above businesses complement each other. Baidu has accumulated rich technology and experience in L4 field, which can provide hot start for L2+ products. L2+ products feed back L4 products with the advantages of scale, and solve the long tail problem of L4 products’ final commercial landing.

Baidu’s smart car products include intelligent driving and intelligent cabin, including small-scale in-vehicle system and software and hardware integrated solution ARC. The intelligent driving domain controller is divided into two heterogeneous control chips, MCU and SOC. MCU deployed AUTOSAR protocol station, and developed CDD and application algorithm on this basis. The bottom layer of SOC is a system, and the top layer is the hardware poke layer and the middleware Apollo OS； developed by Baidu. Further up is the various atomic ability services of the algorithm; Further up are the various application logics of the algorithm.

Next, we will share the challenges we face in the development of intelligent driving domain controller MCU software based on AUTOSAR.

First of all, in recent years, there are many projects of Baidu’s intelligent driving domain controller, and it has already faced the situation that the same hardware platform supports multiple projects and multiple models for parallel development. A project needs to maintain independent software branches, and software changes, software optimization or repairs made in one project branch are always manually migrated to other project branches to ensure the consistency of product experience. And the coupling between software modules is very strong, and the change of one software module will often lead to the change of other modules, which will affect the whole body; In addition, it is necessary to migrate to multiple software branches at the same time, and the workload of maintenance increases exponentially with the increase of software complexity and projects.

In the stage of frequent changes in the demand of intelligent driving track, the time period is very short; However, there will be no reduction in the quality requirements for output. This challenges our software architecture. We urgently need a software architecture that can support multi-project parallel development and rapid iteration.

How to solve this problem? We found inspiration on AUTOSAR. The core idea of AUTOSAR is the decoupling of hardware and software. The bottom layer realizes the software functions that are strongly related to hardware, and abstracts them into standard interfaces for the upper layer. The upper ECU and the application layer are almost insensitive to the difference of the lower hardware, which makes the AUTOSAR architecture software migrate on multiple hardware platforms.

Secondly, the core idea of AUTOSAR is the modularization of software and standardization of interfaces. AUTOSAR is divided into hundreds of software modules, and the function definition of software modules is very clear, and the data between software is exchanged with the defined standardized interfaces. When the software of one module is changed, the influence on other software modules and even the whole controller software is controllable.

Platform of MCU software for intelligent driving domain controller

Our MCU platform software architecture refers to the idea of AUTOSAR. Firstly, a set of loosely coupled software architecture is needed. The so-called loose coupling means software modularization, and the function definition of each software module must be clear. The exchange interface between modules is standardized and managed in a unified file according to the architectural method of AUTOSAR.

The second is the strong mainline software architecture. Referring to the software architecture idea of AUTOSAR, we divide our MCU software into different softwares according to the actual business requirements. A hardware platform has only one software, and a project has a separate software. The interface between is predefined and cannot be easily changed. To ensure that a set of software can be combined with different software of multiple projects.

The actual operation method of this software architecture is:

First of all, the BSW project of AUTOSAR is strongly related to specific projects and models, such as the number of communication buses, the configuration of communication matrix, the configuration of diagnostic protocol stations, the configuration of network management, etc. These configurations are different for each model. Therefore, the BSW engineering code of AUTOSAR is divided into BASE software and CDD software (including IOO abstraction of various hardware and data intervention of sensors, etc.). These modules are only related to the hardware platform and have no direct relationship with the project. The application layer software isolates the differences of signal interfaces of various vehicles through the signal abstraction module, which makes most application layer software project-independent.

In addition, there are some special software modules, such as time synchronization module. All items of the time synchronization scheme in our domain are consistent; However, the cross-domain and vehicle-domain schemes have different projects. For this kind of module, we split the software of a module into two parts for maintenance, provided that the interfaces between the software must be well defined, so that multiple projects can share one software, and different BASE software can work normally together.

Under this software architecture, the methods of software management are different. A hardware platform has only one software warehouse, and each project has a separate BASE software warehouse. Only when the software is merged can the final MCU software output be obtained. Its advantage lies in that the mainline optimization is directly effective for each project. The challenge is how to ensure that the changes on the main line are not wrong for each project, which requires agile development and CICD to ensure.

Agile development of MCU software for intelligent driving domain controller

The software version delivery of the whole intelligent driving domain controller basically follows the traditional automobile micro-model development, from the initial demand input to software design, software development, software testing and overall acceptance, and a version lasts about 2-3 months. In the big cycle, we iteratively split the MCU software version into weekly agile development cycles.

The cycle of agile iteration in weeks can also be refined to the development iteration in days. Baidu has its own set of code management tools. When we push the code, it triggers the continuous integration compilation pipeline to get the compiled results and outputs. At the same time, the system will automatically trigger to pull the latest code from the library every night and push it to the CICD test server. The test server will simulate the upper computer to deploy the software to the domain controller of the test bench, which has a full set of sensor environment and simulated vehicle environment besides the physical domain controller. After the deployment, according to the pre-set test flow, the MCU software is matched with the SOC terminal to conduct a set of systematic tests.

After the test, the server finally collects the test results, and generates an email report and pushes it to the corresponding person. When you go to work the next day, you will know whether there is any problem with the previous day’s cooperation code. In addition to the bench test, we have a lot of driving tests every day, and the data generated in the test and the problems will be uploaded to the data center, and special managers will distribute the problems and data to the corresponding module leaders. After analyzing the data, the R&D personnel locate the problems, and then arrange the repair plan of the problems into the agile iterative process according to the priority, so as to carry out iterative development of the software, quickly deploy the new output to the R&D vehicle, and then carry out closed-loop verification.

At present, automakers pay more and more attention to software self-research, especially in the field of automatic driving. Some automakers choose Baidu as a supplier of software and hardware for intelligent driving systems; At the same time, I hope to participate in the development of some intelligent driving functions.

We also have some successful experiences in the project. First, OEM will generate the document of our intelligent driving domain controller, and then build an algorithm model to generate SWC articles in AR file format. And the final C code will be generated, and the ECU document will be given to Baidu. After we import the AUTOSAR development configuration tool, we can generate the technical engineering of MCU AUTOSAR and develop the software of MCU. Then compile it into a black-box project and give it to the OEM. The OEM will add the black-box project to the code generated by them for integration and compilation. After the compilation is passed, it will do its own module test. After the test is passed, it will give their model code compilation process to Baidu in the form of a black box. Then we will do the final integration, compilation and MCU software output, complete the integration test of the entire MCU domain controller, and deliver the test to the automobile factory, and then do the vehicle-level test.

(The above content comes from Wu Changlong | Senior Engineer of Baidu Apollo Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. Wu Changlong’s keynote speech "Software Platformization and Agile Development of Intelligent Drive Controller Based on AUTOSAR" delivered at the 4th Software-Defined Automobile Forum and AUTOSAR China Day in March 14 -16, 2023. )

　　As a new favorite of the family, computers have entered the homes of ordinary people. However, due to the lack of basic knowledge of home computers by ordinary users, some seemingly casual actions may directly lead to instant "paralysis" of computers and even damage human health.

　　Misunderstanding 1 Clean the screen with anhydrous alcohol

　　When the monitor is used for a long time, it is inevitable that there will be dust and stains. Many users think that alcohol, especially high purity (above 95%) is the best cleaner. On the contrary, there is a special protective coating on the screen of the current flat panel display to prevent static electricity and dazzle light. If alcohol is used for cleaning, it is easy to destroy the coating, but the display effect of the display is greatly reduced. In fact, the screen of the monitor, including its shell, cannot be cleaned with solvents such as alcohol, gasoline and washing powder. There is a special cleaner for monitors in the supermarket. Don’t use ordinary thick towels when cleaning the screen, you can wipe it with glasses cloth with better texture.

　　Myth 2: The chassis is exposed to heat.

　　When the computer is running, especially in summer, its heat dissipation is very large. Some computer enthusiasts directly open the chassis in order to strengthen heat dissipation and facilitate hardware disassembly. Although this method solves the problem of heat dissipation, the "gut opening" of the chassis exposes the hardware, which is easy to accumulate dust, and dust will become the "killer" of the computer over time. In addition, this practice is also harmful to human health. As we all know, CPU, motherboard and power lamp hardware are all high electromagnetic radiation sources, and the chassis can shield most electromagnetic radiation. If you let your body directly "receive" high electromagnetic radiation just to dissipate heat, it will not pay off.

　　Myth 3: Cover the dust cover after shutdown.

　　When a new computer enters the home, many people will protect it, especially paying attention to dust prevention measures. Dust cover is of course one of the necessary items, but it is not advisable to cover it immediately after shutdown. Although the mainframe has stopped running after shutdown, there is still a lot of heat in the chassis and the back cover of the monitor, and the temperature of various electronic components is very high, which needs to be cooled gradually. If you cover it with a dust cover immediately, it will easily hinder the heat dissipation of the hardware and even seriously affect its service life. It is best to turn off the machine for 1-2 hours and wait until the heat in the chassis is basically dissipated before using the dust cover.

　　Misunderstanding 4 Hot-swappable peripherals with electricity

　　When performing various hardware operations, some users often plug and unplug the mouse, keyboard and various serial and parallel port devices of PS/2 interface in standby mode. These operations seem normal, and actually have a certain "lethality" to the computer host, which may cause the system or hardware to work abnormally, and may even cause damage to the hardware interface or motherboard. In fact, except for USB, IEEE1394 interface and serial hard disk, all kinds of peripherals of ordinary desktops are not hot-swappable with electricity, so it is suggested that you must operate correctly when the power is turned off to avoid unnecessary losses.

Mobile phone battery is not durable? 14 tips to extend battery life

　　If the user wants to extend the effective service life of the battery, besides the quality of the charger, the correct charging method is also essential, because the poor quality charger or the wrong charging method will affect the service life and cycle life of the battery. Here are the skills that the author has compiled to extend the service life of the rechargeable battery of the mobile phone:

14 tips

　　1. Please use the charger of the original factory or a reputable brand, and use the special charger for lithium batteries, and follow the instructions, otherwise the battery will be damaged or even dangerous.

　　2. If the newly bought mobile phone battery is lithium ion, the first 3~5 times of charging is generally called the adjustment period, and it should be charged for more than 14 hours to ensure the full activation of lithium ion. Lithium-ion battery has no memory effect, but it has strong inertia. It should be fully activated to ensure the best performance in future use.

　　3. Before the battery leaves the factory, the manufacturers have activated it and pre-charged it, so all the batteries have surplus electricity. Some friends say that the battery is charged according to the adjustment period, and the standby time is still seriously insufficient. Assuming that the battery is indeed a genuine battery, in this case, the adjustment period should be extended and then fully charged and discharged for 3~5 times.

　　4. Before charging, the lithium battery does not need special discharge, and improper discharge will damage the battery. Try to charge slowly when charging, and reduce the fast charging mode; Time should not exceed 24 hours. After three to five complete charge and discharge cycles, the chemicals in the battery will be fully "activated" to achieve the best use effect.

　　Some automatic intelligent fast chargers only indicate that they are 90% full when the signal light changes. The charger will automatically change to charge the battery at a slow speed. It is best to use the battery after it is fully charged, otherwise it will shorten the use time.

　　6. Many users often leave their mobile phones on when charging. In fact, this will easily hurt the life of their mobile phones, because during the charging process, the circuit board of the mobile phones will heat up. At this time, if there is an external phone, it may produce instantaneous backflow current, which will damage the internal parts of the mobile phones.

　　7. The life of the battery depends on the number of repeated charge and discharge, so we should try to avoid charging the battery when there is surplus electricity, which will shorten the life of the battery. When the phone is turned off for more than 7 days, the battery of the phone should be fully discharged before use.

　　8. Mobile phone batteries all have self-discharge. When not in use, the Ni-MH battery will discharge about 1% of the remaining capacity every day, and the lithium battery will discharge 0.2%~0.3% every day. When charging the battery, try to use a special socket, and don’t share the socket with household appliances such as TV sets.

　　9. Although the mobile phone is within the network coverage area, it can no longer accept and make calls when the mobile phone is turned off and charged. At this time, you can use the mobile phone’s no-call transfer function to transfer the mobile phone to the fixed phone around you to prevent the loss of incoming calls. This method is also applicable when the mobile phone is not in the network coverage area or the signal is weak and temporarily unable to connect.

　　10. Don’t expose the battery to high temperature or cold, like in dog days, don’t put the mobile phone in the car and expose it to the scorching sun; Or take it to an air-conditioned room and put it in a place where cold air blows directly. When charging, it is normal for the battery to be a little hot, but it cannot be subjected to the "suffering" of high temperature. In order to avoid this, it is best to charge at room temperature and don’t cover anything on the phone.

　　11. nickel cadmium (N iCd) battery must be fully charged before charging and fully charged after recharging.

　　12. If the mobile phone battery is left unused for too long, it is best to apply to the mobile phone maintenance department for a live treatment of the battery, or you can use a DC constant voltage device yourself to adjust the voltage to 5~6V and the current to 500~600mA to connect the battery in reverse. Note: release it at the touch, and repeat it for up to three times. After this treatment, use the original charger for "adjustment period" charging.

　　13. When charging, the longer the better. If the battery without protection circuit is fully charged, it should be stopped, otherwise the performance of the battery will be affected by heat or overheating.

　　14. Lithium-ion battery must use special charger, otherwise it may not reach saturation state, which will affect its performance. After charging, avoid placing it on the charger for more than 12 hours, and separate the battery from the mobile phone when it is not used for a long time.

　　The above 14-point mobile phone charging method has been proved by practice to effectively extend the life of mobile phone batteries, and friends who need it can try it, saving money and resources.

　　Recently, Shantou police successfully smashed a telecommunication network fraud gang, arrested 10 suspects, and seized 93 mobile phones and 83 bank cards involved. Chen Qiren photo

　　Recently, Shantou police successfully smashed a telecommunication network fraud gang, arrested 10 suspects, and seized 93 mobile phones and 83 bank cards involved. Chen Qiren photo

　　Shantou, China, April 15 (Chen Qiren, Yao Xiaoli) Guangdong Shantou police reported on the 15th that Shantou police recently successfully smashed a telecommunication network fraud gang that frequently committed crimes, arrested 10 suspects, seized 93 mobile phones and 83 bank cards involved, involving 11 provinces and cities such as Guangdong, Fujian and Shandong, and initially identified 133 cases involved.

　　According to Shantou police, in recent years, with the rapid development of mobile Internet, criminals have used communication tools to commit online fraud from time to time, which has made many people deceived and lost their money.

　　Shantou police investigation found that a telecommunication network fraud gang hidden in Shantou surfaced. The gang bought a large number of bank cards, mobile phone cards, "Lacarra" credit card machines and other crime tools from the Internet, rented a number of houses in Shantou city as dens, published false information about "online car purchase" through public network platforms, and made false web links. The cases involved 11 provinces and cities such as Zhejiang, Henan and Hebei, and the amount involved was huge.

　　After careful investigation, the police grasped seven criminal dens of the gang in Shantou. On April 8, Shantou police concentrated more than 140 elite police officers to form seven arrest teams, and arrested seven dens of the fraud gang at the same time, successfully arresting 10 members of the criminal gang, including Wang Moufu, and smashed this mega-telecommunication network fraud criminal gang in one fell swoop.

　　Zhan Yihua, deputy director of Shantou Public Security Bureau, said that telecommunication network fraud is concealed, and many online fraud platforms set their backstage outside the country, which makes it difficult to handle cases and investigations. At the same time, criminal gangs transfer funds through third-party payment, which also brings troubles to police investigation and evidence collection.

　　"Telecommunication network fraud is often aimed at ordinary people. When a phone call comes, the citizens will be cheated of a lot of savings." Zhan Yuhua said.

　　The police reminded the public not to trust the commodity information on the Internet that is obviously lower than the market price; Online shopping should be carried out on a qualified and guaranteed online shopping platform; Don’t pay in advance without knowing the real situation of online shopping sales; If you find a crime of fraud, you should report it in time. (End)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Guiyang, August 13th (Reporter Jiang Cheng) On the 13th, as a continuation of the "Village Super" football match, Guizhou Rongjiang Food Football Friendly Tournament (the first season) started in Rongjiang County, Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province. On the same day, eight teams from all over the world competed fiercely and presented four wonderful games for the audience.

　　On August 13th, the actors performed during the break of the competition. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe

　　Guangdong and Guizhou cooperated to forge a new road, and Rongjiang merged into Greater Bay Area. At 2: 35pm, accompanied by the cries of tens of thousands of spectators, Rongjiang Villagers Team and Hong Kong Stars Team jointly staged the first football match and kicked out the first kick. This is a friendly and harmonious match between Rongjiang County to build Guizhou into the main position of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s "bridgehead" and integrate with Greater Bay Area.

　　According to the arrangement of the event, the second game was played by Guizhou University Ecological Tea Team against Guangxi University Sugarcane Juice Team. It is understood that Guizhou University has helped Rongjiang County for more than ten years, helping Rongjiang win the battle against poverty, and now it is an important helping force for rural revitalization in Rongjiang County. Historically, due to the spread of war, Guangxi University moved to Rongjiang in 1944 and brought football to Rongjiang, which is the root of Rongjiang football development. This game is a friendship game between Guizhou and Guangxi universities.

　　On August 13th, players of Guangxi University sugarcane juice team showed local delicacies when they entered the stadium. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe

　　The third game is the match between Qiandongnan Soup Team and Guicheng Bamboo Shoot Team in Foshan City. Foshan City helps Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guangdong and Guizhou are concentric, and mountains and seas are connected. This competition is a dream-building competition for cooperation between the east and the west. At about 8: 30 p.m., Rongjiang Fenfen Team and Nanchang Fenfen Team, both old revolutionary base areas and food capitals, made their debut, contributing to the fourth game of the day, which was not only the inheritance of red blood, but also the collision of food culture.

　　It is understood that the competition time of Guizhou Rongjiang Food Football Friendly Tournament (the first season) is from August 13 to October 28, 2023, with a total of 19 games. Considering the influence of the game, the history of Rongjiang football, the cooperation between the east and the west, the theme of the game and other factors, the organizers invited four games in the first week, aiming at producing a wonderful opening game and proofing the subsequent friendly matches.

　　On August 13th, spectators dressed in national costumes were watching the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe

　　The full name of Guizhou "Village Super" is Guizhou Rongjiang (Sanbao Dong Village) and American Country Football Super League, which is a village-level football competition mainly organized and hosted by Rongjiang villagers. Since the opening match started on May 13th, the related content has been viewed more than 30 billion times on the whole platform, making it a "phenomenal" sports event. Before the food football friendly match, Rongjiang received a total of 798 teams, and 297 teams were confirmed to be able to participate, including 83 teams in Guizhou Province and 214 teams outside the province.

　　Xu Bo, the county magistrate of Rongjiang County, said in an interview earlier that the purpose of holding the friendly match of gourmet football is to make the brand of "Village Super" bigger and stronger, and gather wisdom to make "Village Super" a sustainable event, so that the bonus of "Village Super" can be shared in many places.