CCTV News:At the press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council this morning (21st), a reporter asked, experts said that COVID-19 is a self-limited disease, so, can mild patients take medicine in isolation at home? How to treat self-limited diseases? Wang Fusheng, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, explained this.

Self-limiting disease is a technical term, which generally means that although there are obvious clinical symptoms after acute infection of pathogens, such as fever, cough and runny nose, these symptoms do not last long. Even without treatment, the clinical symptoms will disappear, which will not cause permanent harm to the body or lead to chronic infection. This is called acute self-limiting disease. For example, for the common cold, it is mainly to pay attention to rest, drink plenty of water properly and maintain nutrition. Even without special treatment, the related symptoms will disappear in a week or so.　

Course of self-limited disease: latent period, progressive period and rehabilitation period.

Taking a cold as an example, the clinical course of self-limited diseases can be divided into three stages: incubation period, progressive period and rehabilitation period. The so-called incubation period, mainly because the virus enters the human body and replicates in large quantities, can have no clinical symptoms; The so-called progressive stage is the interaction between human immune system and virus, which leads to a series of pathological changes such as respiratory inflammation and clinical symptoms. The so-called recovery period means that the immune function of the human body defeats the virus and clears the virus in the human body. The patient will be fine after these three stages, and the patient will recover naturally.

Of course, self-limiting diseases do not mean that treatment is not needed.

Mild patients with good rest, good mood and strong immunity recover quickly.

Specifically, in COVID-19, the proportion of light and ordinary patients is over 80%. Mild patients may recover gradually if they have good physical conditions, good rest, good mood and proper diet. After the onset, human immunity has an overall advantage.

Don’t panic too much. Severe patients generally don’t have sequelae.

Even serious patients can maintain a good immune state, shorten the onset period and enter the rehabilitation period quickly if they can get timely and professional treatment, use some drugs appropriately and take oxygen when necessary. Generally, it will not cause sequelae, so you don’t have to panic too much.

Special attention should be paid to the elderly with basic diseases and low immunity.

However, if the elderly or people with serious basic diseases are not paid attention to, even the common cold may cause serious organ or tissue damage and even life-threatening. Therefore, people with low immunity who suffer from COVID-19 should pay more attention to it. Patients should stay in bed as much as possible, avoid catching cold, properly strengthen nutrition, and the most important thing is not to be afraid, to have confidence, to maintain a good attitude, which is the best immunity, and to actively cooperate with clinical treatment, so they can gradually recover.

We should draw your attention to the fact that COVID-19 is highly contagious. No matter whether it is mild or severe, we must pay attention to isolation, minimize close contact and reduce the chance of infecting others.

Article 1 These Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions, the Plan for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions and the Plan for Institutional Reform of the State Council approved by the First Session of the 13th National People’s Congress.

Article 2 The Ministry of Natural Resources is a department of the State Council, with ministerial status, and the brand of State Oceanic Administration is reserved for foreign countries.

Article 3 The Ministry of Natural Resources shall implement the principles, policies and decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on natural resources work, and uphold and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party on natural resources work in the course of performing its duties. The main responsibilities are:

(a) to perform the duties of the owners of natural resource assets such as land, minerals, forests, grasslands, wetlands, water and oceans owned by the whole people and the duties of controlling the spatial use of all land. To draft laws and regulations on natural resources and land space planning, surveying and mapping, polar regions and deep seas, formulate departmental rules and supervise and inspect the implementation.

(two) responsible for the investigation, monitoring and evaluation of natural resources. Formulate the index system and statistical standard of natural resources investigation, monitoring and evaluation, and establish a unified and standardized natural resources investigation, monitoring and evaluation system. Implement basic investigation, special investigation and monitoring of natural resources. Responsible for the supervision and management of natural resources investigation, monitoring and evaluation results and information release. To guide the investigation, monitoring and evaluation of local natural resources.

(three) responsible for the unified registration of natural resources. Formulate systems, standards and norms for unified registration of all kinds of natural resources and real estate, property registration survey, real estate surveying and mapping, dispute mediation and application of results. Establish and improve the national basic platform for natural resources and real estate registration information management. Responsible for the collection, collation, sharing and exchange management of natural resources and real estate registration materials. Guide and supervise the registration of natural resources and real estate rights throughout the country.

(four) responsible for the paid use of natural resources assets. Establish a statistical system of national natural resource assets, and be responsible for the accounting of national natural resource assets. Prepare a balance sheet of natural resources owned by the whole people and draw up assessment standards. Formulate policies for the allocation, transfer, lease, pricing and land reserve of all natural resources assets owned by the whole people, and rationally allocate all natural resources assets owned by the whole people. Responsible for the evaluation and management of the value of natural resources assets, and collect the income of related assets according to law.

(five) responsible for the rational development and utilization of natural resources. Organize the formulation of natural resources development plans and strategies, formulate standards for the development and utilization of natural resources and organize their implementation, establish a government-publicized natural resources price system, organize the grading and price evaluation of natural resources, carry out evaluation and assessment of natural resources utilization, and guide economical and intensive utilization. Responsible for natural resources market supervision. Organize research on policies and measures related to macro-control, regional coordination and urban-rural integration in natural resource management.

(six) responsible for the establishment of spatial planning system and supervise the implementation. Promote the strategy and system of main functional areas, organize the preparation and supervision of the implementation of national land space planning and related special planning. Carry out the suitability evaluation of land space development, and establish the monitoring, evaluation and early warning system for the implementation of land space planning. Organize the delineation of the red line of ecological protection, permanent basic farmland, urban development boundaries and other control lines, and build a production, living and ecological spatial layout that saves resources and protects the environment. Establish and improve the control system of land and space use, study and formulate urban and rural planning policies and supervise their implementation. Organize the formulation and implementation of annual utilization plans for natural resources such as land and sea. Responsible for the conversion of land, sea areas, islands and other land and space uses. Responsible for the management of land expropriation and requisition.

(seven) responsible for coordinating the ecological restoration of land space. Take the lead in organizing the preparation of national spatial ecological restoration planning and implementing major ecological restoration projects. Responsible for the comprehensive improvement of land space, land consolidation and reclamation, mine geological environment restoration and management, marine ecology, sea coastline and island restoration. Take the lead in establishing and implementing the compensation system for ecological protection, formulate policies and measures for rational use of social funds for ecological restoration, and put forward major alternative projects.

(eight) responsible for organizing the implementation of the most stringent farmland protection system. Take the lead in formulating and implementing cultivated land protection policies, and be responsible for the quantity, quality and ecological protection of cultivated land. Organize the implementation of farmland protection responsibility target assessment and permanent basic farmland special protection. Improve the balance system of cultivated land occupation and compensation, and supervise the implementation of the compensation system for occupied cultivated land.

(nine) responsible for the management of geological exploration industry and the national geological work. Prepare geological exploration plans and supervise and inspect the implementation. Manage central geological exploration projects. Organize the implementation of major national geological and mineral exploration projects. Responsible for the prevention and treatment of geological disasters, supervise and manage geological problems such as excessive exploitation of groundwater and land subsidence caused by it. Responsible for the supervision and management of paleontological fossils.

(ten) responsible for the implementation of comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation planning requirements, organize the preparation of geological disaster prevention planning and protection standards and guide the implementation. Organize, guide, coordinate and supervise the investigation and evaluation of geological disasters and the general survey, detailed investigation and investigation of hidden dangers. Guide the development of mass monitoring and prevention, professional monitoring, forecasting and early warning, and guide the engineering management of geological disasters. To undertake technical support for emergency rescue of geological disasters.

(eleven) responsible for the management of mineral resources. Responsible for the management of mineral resources reserves and the examination and approval of mineral resources. Responsible for mining right management. In conjunction with relevant departments, undertake the regulation and related management of specific minerals and superior minerals for protective mining. Supervise and guide the rational utilization and protection of mineral resources.

(twelve) responsible for supervising the implementation of marine strategic planning and the development of marine economy. To study and put forward major strategic suggestions for building a maritime power. Organize the formulation of marine development, deep sea, polar regions and other strategies and supervise their implementation. Work out plans and policies for marine economic development and comprehensive protection and utilization of coastal zones in conjunction with relevant departments and supervise their implementation. Responsible for the monitoring and evaluation of marine economic operation.

(thirteen) responsible for the supervision and management of marine development, utilization and protection. Responsible for the management of sea area use and island protection and utilization. Make plans for the protection and utilization of sea islands and supervise their implementation. Responsible for the management of toponyms of uninhabited islands, sea areas and seabed, formulate measures for the protection and management of special-purpose islands such as territorial sea base points and supervise their implementation. Responsible for marine observation and forecast, early warning, monitoring and disaster reduction, and participate in emergency response to major marine disasters.

(fourteen) responsible for surveying and mapping geographic information management. Responsible for basic surveying and mapping and surveying and mapping industry management. Responsible for surveying and mapping qualification and credit management, supervision and management of national geographic information security and market order. Responsible for the management of geographic information public service. Responsible for the protection of survey marks.

(fifteen) to promote the development of science and technology in the field of natural resources. Formulate and implement strategies, plans and plans for scientific and technological innovation and personnel training in the field of natural resources. Organize the formulation of technical standards, regulations and norms and supervise their implementation. Organize the implementation of major scientific and technological projects and innovation capacity building, and promote the informationization of natural resources and the public service of information materials.

(sixteen) to carry out international cooperation in natural resources. Organize foreign exchanges and cooperation in the field of natural resources, and organize the implementation of relevant international conventions, treaties and agreements. Cooperate with the work of safeguarding national maritime rights and interests and participate in relevant negotiations and consultations. Responsible for polar, high seas and international seabed related affairs.

(seventeen) according to the authorization of the central government, to supervise the implementation of the major principles and policies, decision-making arrangements and the implementation of laws and regulations of the local government on the planning of natural resources and land space of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. Investigate and deal with major illegal cases of natural resources development and utilization, land spatial planning and surveying and mapping. To guide relevant local administrative law enforcement work.

(eighteen) to manage the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau.

(nineteen) the management of China Geological Survey.

(twenty) to complete other tasks assigned by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.

(21) functional transformation. The Ministry of Natural Resources should implement the requirements of the central authorities on uniformly exercising the duties of the owner of all natural resources owned by the whole people, uniformly exercising the duties of controlling the use of all land and space and ecological protection and restoration, strengthen the top-level design, give play to the control role of land and space planning, and provide scientific guidance for the protection and rational development and utilization of natural resources. Further strengthen the protection and rational development and utilization of natural resources, establish and improve the working mechanism of combining source protection with whole process restoration and management, and realize overall protection, system restoration and comprehensive management. Innovate the institutional measures that give priority to both incentives and constraints, and promote the economical and intensive utilization of natural resources. Further streamline and decentralize relevant administrative examination and approval matters, strengthen supervision, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, strengthen the binding role of natural resource management rules, standards and systems, and promote the convenience and efficiency of natural resource confirmation registration and evaluation.

Article 4 The Ministry of Natural Resources shall have the following internal organs:

(1) General Office. Responsible for the daily operation of the organ. Undertake information, security, letters and visits, news propaganda, government affairs publicity, and supervise the government affairs hall of the management department. To undertake the financial and asset management of institutions.

(2) comprehensive department. To be responsible for organizing the formulation of natural resources development strategies, medium and long-term plans and annual plans. Carry out investigation and study on major issues, be responsible for drafting important documents of the Ministry, and coordinate the work related to comprehensive reform in the field of natural resources. To undertake the in-depth development of integration of defense and civilian technologies in the field of natural resources. To undertake the centralized management of comprehensive statistics and professional statistics within the Ministry.

(3) department of laws and regulations. To undertake the drafting of relevant laws and regulations and rules. To review and clean up the legality of relevant normative documents. Organize publicity and education on the rule of law. To undertake the relevant work of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation.

(4) Natural Resources Investigation and Monitoring Department. Draw up the index system and statistical standards for natural resources investigation, monitoring and evaluation, and establish a regular natural resources investigation, monitoring and evaluation system. Regularly organize the implementation of national natural resources basic survey, change survey, dynamic monitoring and analysis and evaluation. Carry out special investigation, monitoring and evaluation of water, forest, grassland, wetland resources and geographical conditions. To undertake the supervision of the collection, management, maintenance, release, sharing and utilization of the results of natural resources investigation, monitoring and evaluation.

(5) Natural Resources Confirmation Registration Bureau. To formulate systems, standards and norms for unified registration of all kinds of natural resources and real estate, title investigation, real estate surveying and mapping, dispute mediation and application of results. To undertake the guidance and supervision of the national registration of natural resources and real estate rights. Establish and improve the national basic platform for natural resources and real estate registration information management, and manage registration materials. Responsible for the key state-owned forest areas identified by the State Council, the sea islands approved by the State Council, and the registration and certification of real estate ownership by the central and state organs.

(6) Department of Natural Resources Owners’ Rights and Interests. To formulate policies for the management of natural resources assets owned by the whole people, establish a statistical system for natural resources assets owned by the whole people, and undertake the evaluation and accounting of natural resources assets. Prepare the balance sheet of natural resources owned by the whole people and formulate relevant assessment standards. To formulate policies on the allocation, transfer, lease, pricing and land reserve of natural resources assets owned by the whole people. To undertake the disposal of state-owned land assets of restructured enterprises submitted to the State Council for approval.

(7) Department of Natural Resources Development and Utilization. To formulate the system of paid use of natural resources assets and supervise its implementation, establish trading rules and trading platforms in the natural resources market, and organize the regulation of the natural resources market. Responsible for the supervision, management and dynamic monitoring of natural resources market, and establish the credit system of natural resources market. Establish a government publicity system for natural resources prices, and organize the grading price evaluation of natural resources. Formulate standards for the development and utilization of natural resources, carry out evaluation and assessment, and guide the economical and intensive utilization.

(8) Land and Space Planning Bureau. Formulate policies related to national land spatial planning, undertake the work of establishing spatial planning system and supervise its implementation. Organize the preparation of national land and space planning and related special planning and supervise the implementation. To undertake the examination and approval of local land spatial planning submitted to the State Council for examination and approval, and to guide and examine major national special plans involving the development and utilization of land space. Carry out the suitability evaluation of land space development, and establish the monitoring, evaluation and early warning system for the implementation of land space planning.

(9) Department of Land and Space Use Control. To formulate norms and technical standards for the control system of land and space use. Put forward the annual land and marine utilization plan and organize its implementation. Organize the formulation of policies for the conversion of land and space use such as cultivated land, woodland, grassland, wetland, sea area and island, and guide the pre-examination of land for construction projects. To undertake the examination and approval of all kinds of land use conversion submitted to the State Council for examination and approval. To formulate control policies for urban and rural planning and management and supervise their implementation.

(10) Department of Land, Space and Ecological Restoration. To undertake the research work on the policy of ecological restoration of land space and draw up the plan of ecological restoration of land space. To undertake the comprehensive improvement of national land space, land consolidation and reclamation, mine geological environment restoration and management, marine ecology, sea area coastal zone and island restoration. Undertake the work related to ecological protection compensation. Guide the ecological restoration of local land space.

(eleven) cultivated land protection and supervision department. To formulate and implement farmland protection policies, organize the implementation of farmland protection responsibility target assessment and special protection of permanent basic farmland, and be responsible for the supervision and management of permanent basic farmland delineation, occupation and replenishment. To undertake the balanced management of cultivated land occupation and compensation. To undertake the management of land expropriation. Be responsible for the connection between cultivated land protection policies and land resources protection policies such as woodland, grassland and wetland.

(12) Geological Exploration Management Department. Manage the geological exploration industry and the national geological work, prepare the geological exploration plan and supervise and inspect the implementation. Manage central-level geological exploration projects and organize the implementation of major national geological and mineral exploration projects. Undertake the prevention and treatment of geological disasters, and supervise and manage geological problems such as over-exploitation of groundwater and land subsidence caused by it.

(thirteen) mining rights management department. Formulate mining right management policies and organize their implementation, and manage the transfer, approval and registration of mining rights of important energy resources such as oil and gas and metallic and nonmetallic mineral resources. Statistical analysis and guidance of the national exploration and mining rights approval and registration, mediation of major ownership disputes. To undertake the total mining control and related management of specific minerals and superior minerals for protective mining.

(fourteen) mineral resources protection and supervision department. To formulate strategies, policies and plans for mineral resources and organize their implementation, and supervise and guide the rational utilization and protection of mineral resources. Undertake the review, filing, registration, statistics and information release of mineral resources reserves, and cover the examination and approval management of mineral resources and the strategic reserve of mineral areas. Implement dynamic management of mine reserves and establish a safety monitoring and early warning system for mineral resources. Supervise the collection, storage and utilization of geological data, and supervise and manage paleontological fossils.

(15) Division of Marine Strategic Planning and Economics. To formulate major strategies for building maritime powers such as marine development, deep sea and polar regions and supervise their implementation. To formulate plans for marine economic development, comprehensive protection and utilization of coastal zones, protection and utilization of sea islands and development of marine integration of defense and civilian technologies, and supervise their implementation. Undertake to promote the development of emerging marine industries such as seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization and marine renewable energy. Carry out comprehensive monitoring, statistical accounting, investigation and evaluation and information release of marine economic operation.

(16) Division of Marine Island Management. Formulate policies and technical specifications for the use of sea areas and the protection and utilization of islands, and supervise and manage the development and utilization of sea areas and islands. Organize the monitoring and evaluation of islands in the sea area, and manage the topographic names of uninhabited islands, sea areas and seabed and the laying of submarine cables and pipelines. To undertake the examination and approval of the use of sea and island submitted to the State Council for examination and approval. Organize the formulation of policies for the protection and management of special-purpose islands such as territorial sea base points and supervise their implementation.

(seventeen) marine early warning and monitoring department. To formulate policies and systems for marine observation and forecast and marine scientific investigation and supervise their implementation. To carry out marine ecological early warning and monitoring, disaster prevention, risk assessment and hidden danger investigation and management, and issue warnings and bulletins. Construction and management of the national global ocean stereoscopic observation network, and organization of marine scientific investigation and survey. Participate in emergency response to major marine disasters.

(18) Department of Land Surveying and Mapping. To formulate national basic surveying and mapping plans and supervise their implementation. Organize and implement major projects such as national basic surveying and mapping and global geographic information resources construction. Establish and manage national surveying and mapping benchmarks and surveying and mapping systems. Supervise and manage civil surveying and mapping, aerial photography and satellite remote sensing. Formulate management policies for surveying and mapping industry, supervise and manage surveying and mapping activities and quality, manage surveying and mapping qualifications, and approve foreign organizations and individuals to come to China for surveying and mapping.

(nineteen) Geographic Information Management Department. To formulate the national geographic information security policy and supervise its implementation. Responsible for the management of geographic information achievements and the protection of survey marks, and audit important national geographic information data. Responsible for map management, review maps open to the public, supervise Internet map services, carry out publicity and education on national territory awareness, and work out boundary standard samples. Provide geographic information emergency support, guide and supervise geographic information public services.

(20) Office of the Chief Inspector of National Natural Resources. Improve the national natural resources supervision system, and formulate relevant policies and working rules for natural resources supervision. Guide, supervise and inspect the work assigned to the supervision bureau, and coordinate the supervision work of major and cross-regional supervision. According to the authorization, undertake the supervision and inspection of the implementation of laws and regulations such as natural resources and land spatial planning.

(21) law enforcement bureau. To formulate draft regulations, rules and normative documents for the investigation and handling of illegal cases of natural resources and guide their implementation. Investigate and deal with major cases of illegal land and space planning and natural resources, guide and coordinate the investigation and handling of illegal cases nationwide, and coordinate and solve the investigation and handling of cross-regional illegal cases. Guide the construction of local natural resources law enforcement agencies and teams, and organize professional training for personnel of natural resources law enforcement system.

(22) Science and Technology Development Department. To formulate strategies, plans and plans for scientific and technological development in the field of natural resources. Formulate relevant technical standards, regulations and norms, and organize the implementation of major scientific and technological projects, projects and innovation capacity building. Undertake scientific and technological achievements and information management, carry out the construction of high-tech systems such as satellite remote sensing, and strengthen the capacity building of marine science and technology.

(XXIII) Department of International Cooperation (Department of Maritime Rights and Interests). To formulate strategies and plans for international cooperation in the field of natural resources and organize their implementation. Undertake bilateral and multilateral exchanges and cooperation with foreign countries and the implementation of international conventions, treaties and agreements, and guide the implementation of foreign-related and foreign aid projects. Responsible for the management of foreign affairs, carry out the maintenance of relevant maritime rights and interests, and participate in negotiations and consultations on resource exploration and development disputes, island disputes, and maritime delimitation. Guide polar, high seas and international seabed related affairs. To undertake the examination and approval of foreign-related administrative licenses in the field of natural resources.

(twenty-four) finance and capital utilization department. To undertake the collection and management of special income from natural resources and the management of special funds and funds. To formulate regulations on financial and asset management, be responsible for the supervision of financial and state-owned assets of organs and subordinate units, and be responsible for departmental budgets and final accounts, government procurement, centralized treasury payment and internal audit. Manage capital construction, major special investment and major equipment. To undertake the structural optimization and monitoring of financial and social funds, formulate policies and measures for rational utilization of social funds, and propose major alternative projects.

(25) personnel department. To undertake personnel management, organization establishment, labor wages, education and training of organs, agencies and directly affiliated units, and guide the construction of natural resources talents.

Party committees of organs. Responsible for the party-mass work of organs and units directly under Beijing.

Bureau of retired cadres. Responsible for the work of retired cadres.

Article 5 The Ministry of Natural Resources has 691 administrative personnel (including 10 personnel of the two committees, 2 personnel of aid dispatch and 50 personnel of retired cadres). There are 1 minister (concurrently the chief inspector of national natural resources), 4 deputy ministers (one of whom is concurrently the deputy inspector of national natural resources), 1 full-time deputy inspector of national natural resources (deputy minister level), and 109 department-level leadership positions (including 2 chief planners, 2 chief engineers, 1 full-time deputy secretary of the party committee of the government and 3 leadership positions of the bureau of retired cadres).

Article 6 The Ministry of Natural Resources shall set up the following agencies:

(1) According to the authorization of the central authorities, the Ministry of Natural Resources has dispatched national natural resources inspectors to Beijing Bureau, Shenyang Bureau, Shanghai Bureau, Nanjing Bureau, Jinan Bureau, Guangzhou Bureau, Wuhan Bureau, Chengdu Bureau and Xi ‘an Bureau to undertake the natural resources supervision work in the areas under its jurisdiction. There are 336 administrative staff in 9 supervision bureaus, and 64 directors at the department or bureau level (9 supervision bureaus are equipped with 1 positive and 2 deputy, and the corresponding 37 inspected units are equipped with 1 inspector).

(2) Shaanxi Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Bureau, Heilongjiang Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Bureau, Sichuan Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Bureau and Hainan Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Bureau implement a management system with the Ministry of Natural Resources as the main leader, and the specific organizational matters shall be stipulated separately.

(3) The Ministry of Natural Resources has set up agencies in the North Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea respectively, and the specific responsibilities and organizational matters shall be stipulated separately.

Article 7 The establishment, responsibilities and establishment of institutions affiliated to the Ministry of Natural Resources shall be stipulated separately.

Article 8 The Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Provisions, and its adjustment shall be handled by the Office of the Central Organization Establishment Committee according to the prescribed procedures.

Article 9 These Provisions shall come into force as of August 1, 2018.

　　CCTV News:An article entitled "China is not the enemy of the United States" was broadcast on October 9th by the International Sharp Review of the Central Radio and Television Station, which was reprinted or quoted by many overseas media.

　　From October 9th to 11th, Channel NewsAsia quoted relevant contents and materials. French LCF Radio facebook account, Italian Radio We website (facebook account, twitter account), Spain Radio International website, Portugal Lisbon Rainbow FM website and facebook account, Portugal Iberia APP, Brazil Rio headlines Bobo website and facebook account, Brazil Sao Paulo World Bobo website and facebook account, India’s Daily Morning News website, Pakistan-China Friendship website, Jordan Global Radio facebook account, Hungary’s United Daily News website, Chinese PT portal website, Chinese headline APP, West Africa online website, China-Greece website, European Union Chinese website, Nordic Times website, Portuguese New Newspaper APP(facebook account, twitter account), American business news website and many other overseas media forwarded. On October 10th, Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao and Wen Wei Po also published this article. The main reports are as follows:

　　Recently, Vice President Burns of the United States made all kinds of gratuitous speeches on domestic and foreign policies, adding coolness to Sino-US relations. China officials sternly refuted this, saying that the content of Burns’s speech was "catching shadows, confusing right and wrong, and making things out of nothing". Even the former American secretaries of state can’t stand it anymore. Recently, Powell, the first African-American Secretary of State appointed by President George W. Bush, and Albright, the first American female Secretary of State appointed by President Clinton, made it clear in an interview with zakaria, a famous host of CNN, that "China is not an enemy of the United States, and the United States should not engage in a new cold war with China."

　　Albright pointed out that there is no doubt that China is a rising power, which is due to China’s own history and the struggle of contemporary China people. On the other hand, the failure of the United States to shoulder its due international responsibilities has given China room to rise.

　　Powell pointed out that the development of China has brought many benefits to the United States, and the cheap and high-quality China products have met the needs of the American people. Now the United States is fighting a trade war with China, which hurts American consumers. He believes that more than 300,000 foreign students from China have paid full tuition fees to American universities, and most university presidents will not agree to the suggestion that China students should be expelled from the White House.

　　Powell has served as assistant to the President of the United States for national security affairs, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the US Army and Secretary of State, and has a profound understanding of the US-China military contest and diplomatic cooperation. Therefore, he advocates solving the problem through diplomatic dialogue. Powell listed the practices of China and the United States in handling the plane collision incident in the South China Sea during his term of office, stressing that we must respect each other instead of always threatening each other. It is necessary to avoid expanding and escalating small things into crises. In his view, the White House obviously lacks China strategy, and the Pentagon is busy positioning China, Russia and other countries as enemies of the United States. In this regard, Powell solemnly stated that the United States should not do this, must find ways of dialogue and contact, and must admit that other countries are different from the United States.

　　As a pioneer of American contact with China, another former secretary of state, Kissinger, also has a deep understanding. At the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the Wilson Center, an American think tank last month, Kissinger pointed out in a dialogue with J. Stapleton Roy, a former American ambassador to China, that both China and the United States have sufficient strength to shape the world according to their own wishes. The self-confidence of the United States stems from the guarantee of a democratic constitutional political system, while China relies on the wisdom developed by unique management techniques for thousands of years.

　　Kissinger said that he regards China as a potential partner in building the international order, otherwise, the world will fall into conflict. Therefore, the United States should not look for allies around the world to conflict with China. He stressed that if China and the United States are really at war with each other, they don’t need allies at all.

　　Kissinger believes that peace and prosperity in today’s world depend on whether China and the United States can find a way to work together. Although the ideas of both sides are not always the same, they should at least be able to control their differences. In addition, we should set some goals that can bring the two sides closer and let the world find such a framework.

　　Kissinger emphasized that the problem between China and the United States is not winning or losing, but how the two countries can maintain dialogue to continue the international order and international justice.

　　He pointed out that Chinese regards the policy as a long-term process and keeps pushing it forward, while Americans are very pragmatic and hope for immediate results. This is reflected in the fact that Americans hope to solve a series of problems in a short time during the negotiations between the two countries, while Chinese has a longer-term goal. In Kissinger’s view, China and the United States can learn from each other and also need to learn from each other.

　　Many overseas media quoted and forwarded "International Sharp Review" articles:

　　As of October 11th, 2018, Channel NewsAsia has quoted relevant content and materials twice.

　　Italian Radio We website (facebook account, twitter account) forwarded on October 9, 2018.

　　Portugal Lisbon Rainbow FM website and facebook account forwarded on October 9, 2018.

　　The website and facebook account of Brazil’s Rio headlines were forwarded on October 9, 2018.

　　India’s "Daily Morning News" website was forwarded on October 9, 2018

　　Jordan Global Radio facebook account forwarded on October 9, 2018

　　Xizhong. com forwarded on October 11, 2018

　　Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao was published on October 10, 2018

　　Hong Kong Wen Wei Po was published on October 10, 2018.

Just entering 2024, "A stream just recruited B stream" and rushed to the hot search. Since September last year, a variety of respiratory diseases have been prevalent. Nowadays, mycoplasma pneumonia, once the "dominant screen", has quietly left the scene, and the flu has entered the market in a high profile. As the proportion continues to rise, "B-stream" has become the new protagonist.

After being infected with B-stream, many people have symptoms of leg pain. In this regard, Ding Mingming, the attending physician of Pediatric Outpatient Department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said that among the children admitted, B-stream is more prone to myositis than A-stream, mainly manifested as muscle soreness, especially leg muscle soreness. For adults, Wang Yue, an attending physician in the fever clinic of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, said that the incidence of myositis in patients with B-stream is not obvious, and systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, headache and joint pain are more common.

Li Li (right), deputy head nurse of pediatric outpatient department of Peking University People’s Hospital, is answering parents’ questions.

Visit: The proportion of infusion in children with influenza is lower than that of mycoplasma pneumonia.

At 1 o’clock on the afternoon of January 8, the Beijing News reporter visited the pediatric clinic in Xizhimen Campus of Peking University People’s Hospital. There are 4 consultation rooms here, including special needs and general pediatric clinics (referred to as "Pu ‘er Clinic"). In the corridor, there are some parents and children sitting sparsely, which is completely different from the scene of overcrowding and inability to walk in September last year.

"Children with mycoplasma pneumonia have a high proportion of infusions, with the daily infusion volume reaching more than 60-90, which is much higher than the previous volume (10-20). Many children still need to be atomized, and some even need to be hospitalized to’ wash their lungs’. Parents are particularly anxious. But the flu is different, because there are specific drugs, doctors can go home after prescribing drugs, and there are very few people staying in the clinic, which is not easy to cross infection. " Li Li, deputy head nurse of pediatric outpatient department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said.

"The flu may also develop into pneumonia, but the probability is not as high as that of mycoplasma infection because there are specific drugs." Ding Mingming, an attending physician in the pediatric outpatient department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said that influenza is easier to detect than mycoplasma, and there are specific drugs. Once diagnosed, as long as antiviral drugs are used in time, it is not easy to develop into a serious disease.

The scale of pediatric outpatient service in Xizhimen Hospital of Peking University People’s Hospital is not large, and the daily outpatient service is not much. Before the peak of this wave of respiratory diseases comes (before September 2023), one doctor in Puer outpatient service is enough. With the sharp increase in the number of children with respiratory tract infection since September last year, the hospital adjusted the doctor’s visits in time. At most, there were three doctors visiting the Pu ‘er clinic. At the peak of the epidemic of mycoplasma pneumonia, the number of registered outpatient clinics and emergency departments in pediatrics hangs 300 to 400 every day, which has far exceeded the usual number of outpatient clinics. Medical staff are often busy until three or four in the afternoon to have lunch, or take turns to eat. At present, the children with respiratory diseases in outpatient clinics are mainly influenza, among which B-stream accounts for a large proportion, which seems to be few people. In fact, the number of outpatient visits exceeds 200 every day, including about 30-40 plus signs. During the interview, two children’s families found Li Lixiang one after another.

When the child is sick, the whole family is anxious, and it is inevitable that parents will leave things behind when they take their children to see a doctor. At the nurse station, there is a thick stack of medical insurance cards. The Beijing News reporter counted 50 cards, including two medical insurance cards lost that day. Li Li said that these are all medical insurance cards that have not been recovered since September last year, and many of them were left by parents on the registered payment machine. While talking, a parent found the nurse station to look for the lost medical insurance card.

The proportion of B-stream increased, and the proportion of myositis in children increased.

The China Influenza Surveillance Weekly released by China National Influenza Center on January 4th, 2023 (December 25th, 2023-December 31st, 2023) shows that the positive rate of influenza virus detection in southern provinces increased this week, while that in northern provinces decreased. Subtype A(H3N2) is the main strain, and the proportion of strain B(Victoria) continues to increase. 110 outbreaks of influenza-like cases were reported nationwide. Recently, the proportion of B-stream has been on the rise, rising for 9 consecutive weeks in the north, from 4.2% in the 44th week to 47.3% in the 52nd week. South China rose for six consecutive weeks, from 11.6% in the 47th week to 26.4% in the 52nd week. The proportion of B-stream in China has increased for six consecutive weeks.

This point was also confirmed by the Beijing News reporter from Peking University People’s Hospital as the national influenza surveillance sentinel. Recently, among the influenza patients admitted to the hospital, B-stream has increased significantly, accounting for about 2/3, and the proportion of myositis in children with B-stream has increased.

Myositis is one of the common symptoms after being infected with hepatitis B virus. Many patients infected with hepatitis B complain of leg pain, and myositis is the chief culprit.

"Myositis is a virus infection that causes muscle cells to be destroyed, mainly manifested as muscle soreness. Blood tests will find that creatine kinase is relatively high. Both A stream and B stream will have symptoms of muscle soreness, but B stream is more prone to acute myositis. " Ding Mingming, an attending physician in pediatrics at Peking University People’s Hospital, said that the muscle soreness caused by myositis is more prominent in the lower limbs, because the leg muscles are the largest muscle group in the human body, and the muscle soreness caused by the destruction of muscle cells caused by virus infection will be more intense.

For adults, Wang Yue, an attending physician in the fever clinic of the Infectious Diseases Department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said that in influenza surveillance, two weeks ago, it was suddenly found that influenza A and influenza B began to cross, and the positive rate of influenza A gradually decreased and the positive rate of influenza B increased. At present, the proportion of influenza B in adult patients has reached about 2/3. However, compared with children, the incidence of myositis in adults has not changed significantly. "From the influenza monitoring in our department, influenza A is often the main epidemic strain in the peak period of autumn and winter, and the epidemic of influenza B will be mixed at the end of the influenza season. However, every 4-5 years, B-stream will become the main epidemic strain of the year, which may be caused by the long-term non-epidemic of B-stream and the lack of immunity to B-stream virus. " Wang Yue, attending physician of fever clinic of infectious diseases department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said.

The same is true of the infectious disease clinic in Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. According to Da Huijuan, deputy chief physician of the Department of Respiratory and Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, since mid-December, the number of outpatients with respiratory infections in the hospital has decreased compared with the previous two months, and the proportion of A stream has gradually decreased, while the proportion of B stream has increased. "This wave of B-stream didn’t grow as fast as before when A-stream was high. Most of the patients were young children, teenagers and middle-aged, but not many elderly people saw a doctor, which may be related to the annual vaccination of the elderly over 60 years old."

For the treatment of influenza, Wang Yue and Ding Mingming both said that the efficacy of the antiviral drugs oseltamivir and mabaloxavir is very clear. As far as treatment is concerned, it is of little significance to distinguish between influenza A and influenza B, because the treatment principles are basically the same. Typing influenza viruses is mainly to monitor epidemic trends.

Elderly people with basic diseases should be vaccinated against influenza in particular.

During the school flu vaccination period in 2023, some parents reported that only 8 of the 36 students in the class were willing to be vaccinated, and the parents of 5 of them were doctors.

In this regard, Ding Mingming said that the current national influenza vaccination rate is basically maintained in single digits. "Many people are concerned about adverse reactions after vaccination, but in fact this probability is very low, and the common adverse reactions are also lighter than the symptoms of influenza infection." It takes 2-4 weeks for the flu vaccine to take effect. It is recommended to vaccinate in September or October before the arrival of the flu season. If you missed the vaccination before, it will still be effective now, because the flu vaccine can last for about one year. If you vaccinate now, it may still be effective in the next flu season. "Ding Mingming said.

Why is the public’s enthusiasm for influenza vaccination low? According to Wang Yue’s analysis, the effect of influenza antiviral drugs is too good, and it takes effect quickly after taking medicine. In addition, compared with vaccination, it may be more convenient to buy medicine, which leads many people to be unwilling to get vaccinated.

In adult influenza prevention, Wang Yue especially recommends that the elderly with basic diseases should be vaccinated as soon as possible, especially those over 65 years old with basic diseases, which may cause more serious consequences. "We are afraid that the flu will cause severe pneumonia in the elderly, and we are afraid that there will be fluctuations in basic diseases after being infected with the flu, which will aggravate basic diseases, such as diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which will be life-threatening." Wang Yue said that among the elderly influenza patients admitted by the department, there were patients whose basic diseases fluctuated severely due to influenza. One of the elderly people’s asthma is well controlled on weekdays, and he can no longer take medicine. However, because his family was infected with the flu and he was not vaccinated against the flu, he was infected, which triggered an acute attack of asthma and led to respiratory failure.

Wang Yue pointed out that the World Health Organization has guidance documents on influenza vaccine, which will predict the strains that may be prevalent in the new influenza season in advance, and provide basis for influenza vaccine manufacturers. However, the predicted strain may deviate from the actual epidemic strain, which may lead to the vaccine miss target. Judging from the monitoring of influenza epidemic season this year, the vaccine strain and epidemic strain are relatively close, and the vaccination effect should be good. However, influenza vaccination does not mean that you will not get the flu 100%, because the vaccination effect depends on the immune status of people. Some people may establish a relatively good immune barrier after vaccination, which will have a better effect on resisting influenza virus, which has nothing to do with age and weight. "The flu vaccine has a stable effect and its safety has been verified for a long time. It is recommended to vaccinate before the flu season, not only for yourself, but also for people around you, especially high-risk groups, such as children, the elderly and pregnant women." Wang Yue stressed.

Beijing News reporter Wang Kara Liu Xu Image source Photo by Zhong Yanyu, Peking University People’s Hospital

Proofread Wang Xin

Wen | refers to the moon

At the end of 2023, with the short play market becoming more and more popular, the concept stocks related to short plays in the securities market experienced a strong rising period in early 2024, including Huace Film, Tianwei Video, Baina Qiancheng, Tang De Film, Ciwen Media, Chinese Online and Ning Meng Film.

However, with the round of concept speculation and the changes in the securities market environment, the share prices of these companies once again took a roller coaster ride and experienced a period of sharp decline. Take Huace Film and Television as an example, its share price rose by 64.91% from January to March 2024, reaching a high of 11.06 yuan on March 22, but then it started a long road of decline, falling by nearly 30% as of April 16, and other short drama concept stocks were similar.

However, on April 17th, when the market picked up, these companies rose again, and the concept of short play once again became a hot topic.

In the near future, the revenge-themed short play "Advanced Record of Deep House" produced by Ning Meng Film and Television has continuously occupied the forefront in the hot list of DataEye. However, the whole drama is a high imitation of last year’s revenge short play "Black Lotus Upper Manual", which was removed from the platform for reasons such as "exaggerating the bad values of extreme revenge, fighting violence with violence, and confusing the concept of right and wrong". On April 17th, The Advanced Record of Deep House seems to have suffered the same removal treatment as The Upper Manual of Black Lotus, and it is no longer possible to search for key words on platforms such as Tik Tok.

In the ups and downs of the stock price, the influence brought by the rapid growth of short plays is obviously not to be underestimated, especially for the listed companies with sluggish performance in the past few years. Short plays are both a hot topic and a vast market for real money. Whether they can firmly grasp this lifeline seems to have become the biggest factor for these drama companies to prove their growth value.

On March 27th, Ning Meng Film and Television, a Hong Kong-listed company, mentioned the development of short drama business in its 2023 annual report. The annual report shows that in 2023, the company achieved revenue of 1.22 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 28.4%; The adjusted net profit was 227 million yuan, up 60.4% year-on-year, of which the accumulated contribution income of short drama related business was 32.23 million yuan, up more than 12 times year-on-year.

The annual report also mentioned that the number of micro-dramas, such as Twenty-nine, Behind the Traffic and Save My Family, which it launched, continuously occupied the list of short dramas on the vibrato short video platform TOP1. Therefore, in the traditional film and television drama companies that enter short plays, Ning Meng Film and Television has been called a real mature layout rather than just a gimmick.

On the one hand, the annual income of short plays of about 30 million accounts for a very limited proportion of the annual income of 1.22 billion; On the other hand, the gross profit margin of the short drama-related business disclosed by Ning Meng Film and Television is 25.2%, which is far lower than the gross profit margin of the company’s long drama business of 39.7%. In terms of earning power, it only brings the company about 8 million gross profit, and the real profit figure will be even smaller after deducting other expenses.

It can be seen that in the drama companies with large basic discs, short plays are still in the early stage of layout, and Raytheon has little rain and little sense of existence in the overall revenue for the time being.

The Huace film and television behind the recent hit drama "The Story of Success" has also focused on short plays since last year. In November, 2023, Huace Film and Television said that the company began to pay attention to short plays in 2022, and began to gradually cut into it in June, 2023, and clearly established two core competencies of short play script development and marketing distribution. Six teams have been established, and five short play projects have been filmed, among which "The identity of the president of the lonely husband was exposed" was launched on November 7, and four projects such as "My General Boyfriend" are expected to be.

At first glance, my husband’s identity as president was exposed, and my general boyfriend was a short program with the theme of following the wind. After it went online, it sank into the sea in the rolling craze of short programs and did not set off any waves. Huace, who has many big dramas and movie IP in his hand, seems to focus on the short drama development of his own drama IP at present.

At the beginning of 2024, Huace’s short play Going to a Windy Place, My Way Home is Windy, A Writer’s Odyssey’s short play The Girl Who Killed the Novelist Strikes Back, and the antique comedy Looking for the Song entered the Tik Tok 2024 boutique miniseries "Project Stars". Of the two short plays that have been broadcast, the Tik Tok broadcast volume of Seeking Song is currently 22 million+.The broadcast volume of "My Way Home is Windy" is as high as 190 million, and it has been praised by many mainstream media with the characteristics of literary travel and short drama. It can be seen that the extra-curricular mode of this kind of drama IP really has great potential to be tapped, and it is also one of the core competitiveness that traditional film and television companies can quickly establish.

The same is true of Ciwen Media, another listed company of veteran dramas, trying to quickly develop the reserved IP in the form of short plays. After signing an agreement on the three-dimensional development of Gulong IP in August, 2023, Ciwen Media promoted the development and production of five online mini-dramas, namely, Wulin Waishi, Sentimental Swordsman’s Ruthless Sword, Full Moon Machete, Legend of Chu Liuxiang’s Mystery, and Legend of Chu Liuxiang’s Jianghu tales of mystery, among which Full Moon Machete, Legend of Chu Liuxiang’s Mystery, Chu Liuxiang

Another veteran drama company, Tang De Film and Television, is now the holding company of Zhejiang Radio and Television Group, whose "Blue Media Short Play" platform is being put into operation steadily. On March 17th, Tang De Film and Television announced that the launching ceremony of the boutique female frequency-crossing mini-short drama "Copy Female General" jointly produced by Tang De Film and Television Corporation and Zhejiang Satellite TV (Z Vision) was held in Jiangxi Shifang Guangying Film and Television Base. The development of short plays in Tang De film and television may match the development rhythm of Zhejiang Radio and Television more.

For most drama listed companies, it is necessary to actively lay out short plays. Because from the perspective of the capital market topic, companies that can’t keep up with the hot spots of short plays are often regarded as slow to respond and miss growth opportunities. After all, the possibility of the future is always more concerned than the present. Therefore, acquiring short play studios and companies and trying to test the water may be the common idea of drama companies at the beginning.

Like Tang De Film and Television, Ciwen Media and Huanrui Century, they used to be drama giants with a market value of over 10 billion and 20 billion at their peak, but in recent years, their production capacity has dropped significantly, and video platforms have occupied the overwhelming initiative in the drama market, with more and more customized dramas. It has become increasingly difficult for ordinary drama companies to have both explosive capacity and work scale.Therefore, in addition to the "basic disk" of long dramas, drama companies are not necessarily committed to finding new growth points such as short dramas, but they are also "just needed" for real development.

Judging from the situation of the listed companies of the above-mentioned series, the copyright drama is still the core of each company’s business, because a large amount of investment in small programs and short plays and the development of betting content themes are not so easy to make money. In addition to the above-mentioned low gross profit margin of Ning Meng’s short film and television dramas, Beijing Dianzhong Technology, the publisher of the short drama "I became a stepmother in the 1980s" in 2024, responded to the media, and the overall gross profit margin of the company was about 10%, of which the net profit margin of short drama business was less than 1%.

On the other hand, according to DataEye’s "Data Report on Mini-short Plays in 2024", the scale of mini-short plays in China will exceed 30 billion yuan in 2023 and 40 billion yuan in 2024. In this upsurge, it is still the investment platform that has made a big profit.

With the listed companies of drama series joining the short drama industry one after another, it is bound to further promote the speed of industry development iteration. Whether it’s a vertical screen mini-drama or a horizontal screen short drama, in the two tracks with obvious differences, the entry methods of drama companies such as Ning Meng Film and Huace Film and Television are further "uncoiled" in production and lineup, which forces the industry to create quality content. Process.

At the same time, since 2024, the supervision of short drama content on short video platforms has been further tightened. For example, extreme revenge themes such as The Advanced Record of Deep House mentioned above have been removed from the platform, as well as contents such as promoting unhealthy and non-mainstream family views, love and marriage views, deliberately magnifying and exaggerating the contradiction between husband and wife, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, etc., such as My husband is a mother-in-law man, The Last Bottom Line, darling daughter Counterattack and Pregnant Women.

It may be the right time for listed companies to actively enter the short drama industry. Because the content of short plays that attract people’s attention with exotic themes and extreme values is bound to get narrower and narrower.Under the general trend of upgrading the overall quality of short plays and tightening the theme management, there will be more and more solo short plays customized by the platform, and the demand for professional content production will only increase day by day.

On the other hand, the IP resources and copyright resources held by drama companies can also have more room to play under the expansion of the short drama market. The "quality improvement and quantity reduction" of the long drama market is obvious. The Lighthouse Professional Edition "2023 Drama Market Report" shows that the number of effective dramas in the online drama market in 2023 is 294, which is 10.6% lower than last year, and the total broadcast index of large-scale feature films is 38.612 million, which is 7.7% higher than the trend. It can be seen that the current long drama market is somewhat inclined to the mode of head drama.

On the other hand, drama companies with IP resources and copyright adaptation obviously need the space of short drama market to try more low-cost and give play to their unique competitive advantages, which may be the reason why Huace Film and Ciwen Media mentioned above all develop their own IP resources in the short drama market.

From the commercialization point of view, it is easier for drama listed companies to open up diversified commercial services in the short drama market. Take Ning Meng Film and Television as an example, it has tried many ways to realize short drama layout, such as small program payment, platform customization, platform account sharing, brand sponsorship business, etc. Compared with small teams that can only rely on platform or C-side cash, listed companies may have more channels and resources to try diversified business models in the short drama market.

Although it may not be immediate, the strong entry of drama companies may be changing the state of the short drama industry. Can these revolutionary forces stimulate the innovation vitality of the short drama industry, or will it trigger a new round of chaos after raising the threshold?Although the results are not yet clear, it is foreseeable that with the continuous investment and active exploration of more drama companies, the short drama industry will usher in a new era with richer formats and greater commercial potential. At that time, for these drama listed companies, short dramas may really change from capital topic gimmicks to facade signs.

* Original article, please indicate the source when reprinting.

Nowadays, when our brains are empty, what we do most is to brush short videos. Under the blessing of AIGC, what are the advantages and disadvantages of short video platform? This paper analyzes it, and let’s take a look.

Most people empty their brains in heavy work, and the most common thing to do isBrush short videoThe short video platform in the head can be roughly divided into three common platforms: Tik Tok, Xiaohongshu and WeChat video number. Today, the advantages and disadvantages of these short videos are analyzed through articles, as well as the future prospects under the blessing of AIGC.

Let’s split the segmentation field again.The explosive trend of short videos is obvious.. Its proportion in the social entertainment video industry is also rapidly increasing.From 8.1% in 2016 to 65% in 2020, it may exceed 70% in the future, which means that the revenue scale of the short video industry can reach more than 370 billion yuan in 2022.Its broad prospects are visible to the naked eye.

(1) Advantages

• Social attributes: backed by WeChat, this hugeSocial platform, the number of daily active users of WeChatMore than 1 billion. This means that the WeChat video number has a huge potential audience, which is conducive to the dissemination and promotion of content.
• Content diversity: Content types are rich and diverse, including but not limited to education, entertainment, lifestyle and other fields.
• ConvenientSharing mechanism:Users can share the video number content directly to friends or groups within WeChat, or to friends circle, without jumping to other applications, which increases the exposure and communication efficiency of the content.
• Live broadcast function: Support live broadcast function, users can broadcast live through video number to further expand their influence.

(2) disadvantages

The content ecology needs to be improved: compared with Tik Tok, the content ecology of WeChat video number is not mature enough, and the types and quantity of content need to be improved.

(1) Advantages

• powerfulAlgorithm recommendationAccording to the user’s viewing behavior,Recommend content that meets users’ preferences., improve the user’sViewing experienceAnd contentExposure rate.
• Rich short video content: A large number of creators are gathered, and a large number of short video content is provided for users to watch, which meets the diversified needs of users.
• E-commerce function: Tik Tok combines short video with e-commerce function, shopping while watching video, providing new marketing channels for brands and businesses.

(2) disadvantages

Serious homogenization: Some contents in Tik Tok are homogenized, and there are relatively few high-quality original contents.

Weak social relations: No matter how many fans there are in online celebrity and KOL, the popularity of each video is determined by the algorithm. Even the KOL of the head, not every video has strong exposure, and the social relationship is relatively "weak".

(1) Advantages

• Good thing recommendation platform: it’s a super big one.Grass planting platform. About 70% of users are women, and they are mainly concentrated in first-and second-tier cities. They have high consumption power and are very suitable for planting grass.
• Rich in fashion, beauty, lifestyle and other content: rich inFashion, beauty, lifestyleUsers can attract other users through detailed shopping notes and beautiful pictures.
• Graphic notes: mainly based onGraphic-based, supplemented by short video and live broadcast attributes.. The creative form of graphic notes is very suitable for planting grass, because the time cost of notes is lower than other creative forms.

(2) disadvantages

Limitation of content form: It is mainly graphic, which may not provide enough dynamic visual experience in some cases compared with the short video form in Tik Tok.

• Content generation: AIGC technology can automatically generate short video content, including but not limited toScript creation, video editing and special effects productionWait. For example, through deep learning algorithm, AIGC technology can better identify and understand different types of roles and generate AI roles such as virtual network red.
• Content recommendation: AIGC technology can be based on users’ viewing habits and preferences.Can recommend the corresponding short video content.This personalized recommendation mechanism helps to increase the stickiness of users and improve the user activity and retention rate of short video platforms.
• Content audit: AIGC technology can also be used to audit short video content.Automatically identify and filter out illegal, low-quality or harmful content.To ensure the health and safety of the platform content.
• Interactive content creation: AIGC technology can interact with users,Dynamically generate content based on user input and feedback.For example, users can instruct AI to create short video content through voice commands or text input.
• Content optimization: AIGC technology can analyze the popularity of short videos, user behavior and other information, and provide optimization suggestions for content creators to help them.Improve the quality and attractiveness of content..
• Personalized content creation: AIGC technology can customize personalized short video content for users according to their interests and behaviors, and provide content creation services that are more suitable for users’ needs.

Generally speaking, the application of AIGC technology on social media platforms such as video number, Tik Tok and Little Red Book can not only improve the efficiency and quality of content creation, but also enhance the accuracy of personalized recommendation system and provide users with richer and more personalized content experience.

sunlit and enchanting scene of spring

The temperature in Bengbu continues to climb.

It is expected that in the next few days

The temperature will continue to climb higher.

Maximum temperature on 26th

Will reach about 32℃

It’s really running into summer

But don’t worry about the thick clothes!

The big reversal is coming!

↓↓↓

According to the latest meteorological forecast in Anhui:

Affected by the cold wave

27-28

Average temperature in the whole province

Will drop by 10 ~ 12℃

The northerly winds in the province increased to 4 ~ 5.

Gust above 9

On the 23 rd, there was light rain in the south between Jianghuai and some areas along the river; There was a precipitation process south of Huaihe River from 26th to 28th, in which there was moderate rain in Dabie Mountain area and parts of Jiangnan on 27th. At other times, the province is dominated by sunny to cloudy weather.

Daily precipitation forecast of the whole province on the 22nd and 23rd.

From 21st to 26th, the temperature in our province continued to rise, and only dropped slightly on 23rd. On 26th, the highest temperature in most parts of the province could reach 31℃. Affected by the cold wave, the average temperature in the province will drop by 10 ~ 12℃ from 27th to 28th. At the same time, the northerly winds in the province increased to 4 ~ 5, with gusts above 9.

▼ Specific forecast of the whole province

22nd (Saturday): The whole province turns sunny to cloudy.

23rd (Sunday): The Huaibei area is cloudy; It is cloudy to cloudy south of Huaihe River, and there is light rain in the south between Jianghuai and some areas along the Yangtze River.

24th (Monday): The whole province is sunny to cloudy.

25th (Tuesday): It will be sunny to cloudy in Jiangbei; Jiangnan is cloudy to sunny.

26th (Wednesday): Cloudy to cloudy in the whole province, with light rain in most areas between Jianghuai.

27th (Thursday): It is cloudy in the whole province, with light rain south of Huaihe River, including moderate rain in Dabie Mountain area and parts of the south of the Yangtze River.

▼ Urban weather forecast

The weather is hot and cold repeatedly

Remember to increase or decrease clothes in time.

For more information, please download the "Bengbu Publishing" APP.

Wonderful review of the past

Original title: "32 C! 32℃！ The weather in Anhui will turn upside down again.

Read the original text

　　On the journey of winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way and winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, this moment is undoubtedly of symbolic historical significance — —

　　On the morning of October 25, 2017, the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.

　　The First Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee elected the 19th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee composed of 25 members, and elected the supreme leader, Li Keqiang, Li Zhanshu, Wang Yang, Wang Huning, Zhao Leji and Han Zheng as The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) and the supreme leader as the general secretary of the Central Committee. Passed the members of the Central Secretariat; Decided the composition of the Central Military Commission (CMC); Approved the leading body elected by the first plenary session of the 19 th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

　　This is the guide of more than 89 million people in party member, and it is the backbone of more than 1.3 billion people.

　　Do not forget your initiative mind, keep moving! The new CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core will lead China and set sail again.

　　Look at the main peak with majestic mountains.

　　— — On the new journey of strengthening the country and the army, at the critical juncture of national rejuvenation, it is the aspiration of the party and the people to establish the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader as the core of the CPC Central Committee and the whole party, and to establish Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era as the party’s guiding ideology.

　　In a magnificent era, there are bound to be moments of stirring people’s hearts.

　　A year ago, in the golden autumn of Beijing, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee established the core position of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in the CPC Central Committee and the whole party, and the thunderous clapping sound of the Great Hall of the People was still in my ears.

　　This is the heartfelt reverence and love of all party comrades, and this is the emotional recognition of hundreds of millions of people pursuing their dreams.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has faced difficulties, forged ahead, made historic achievements in reform, opening up and socialist modernization, and promoted historic changes in the cause of the party and the state:

　　Great achievements have been made in economic construction, major breakthroughs have been made in comprehensively deepening reform, great strides have been made in building democracy and the rule of law, great progress has been made in ideological and cultural construction, people’s lives have been continuously improved, remarkable achievements have been made in building ecological civilization, strengthening the army and opening up a new situation, new progress has been made in the work of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, all-round diplomatic layout has been carried out in depth, and remarkable results have been achieved in comprehensively administering the party strictly … …

　　The achievements in the past five years are all-round and groundbreaking, and the changes in the past five years are deep-seated and fundamental. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.

　　New practice breeds new ideas. On the basis of adhering to the basic principles of Marxism, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core creatively adhered to and developed scientific socialism, opened up a new realm of the development of Marxism in China in the 21st century, and created the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought.

　　Do great things, solve difficult problems, turn the tide and start a new game.

　　Carrying out great struggles, building great projects, advancing great undertakings and realizing great dreams, a series of great practices and theoretical innovations have poured into the ideals and beliefs of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people and people’s feelings, demonstrated the political courage and responsibility of the CPC Central Committee, and demonstrated the great talent and leadership style of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made great efforts to turn the tide, made overall plans for internal affairs, foreign affairs and national defense, and led the party, state and army in running the country. He spared no pains for the long-term stability of the party and the country and won the party’s heart, military heart and popular support. He is a well-deserved strong core of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the new era.

　　In the election of the Party’s 19th National Congress, the Supreme Leader was unanimously elected. When the members of the 19th Central Committee were elected, the supreme leader was unanimously elected. When the first plenary session of the 19th Central Committee elected the new central collective leadership, the supreme leader comrade was unanimously elected as the general secretary of the Central Committee again. Thunderous applause rang again and again, and it lasted for a long time … …

　　One vote represents the party’s heart and public opinion, and applause conveys trust expectations again and again — — It is the great fortune of the party, the army and the people to have the Supreme Leader General Secretary as the core of the party, the commander-in-chief of the army and the leader of the people! It is the hope, strength and victory to realize the goal of "two hundred years", the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the people’s yearning for a better life!

　　Marked by the victory of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China entered the historical intersection of the goal of "two hundred years" — —

　　By 2020, it is necessary to build a well-off society in an all-round way and achieve the goal of the first century, but also to take advantage of the situation to start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century.

　　At the same time, the situation at home and abroad is undergoing profound and complex changes, and China’s development is still in an important period of strategic opportunities, with bright prospects and severe challenges. Facing difficulties, carrying out great struggles with many new historical characteristics, and taking a good long March in the new era, the party’s leadership is crucial, and the leadership core is particularly important.

　　The cross-flow of the sea shows the mainstay, and the mountains are majestic to see the main peak.

　　In this critical period of connecting the past with the future, the whole party, the whole army and the people of all nationalities in the country have a common expectation, that is, they hope to elect a good central leadership collective, and under the leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, continue to consolidate achievements, overcome difficulties and forge ahead bravely, and write a magnificent chapter in the new journey of socialist modernization.

　　Qian Qiu Wei ye ju ying Cai

　　— — Focusing on the cause of the party and the long-term prosperity of the country, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has made overall plans for the nomination of candidates for the new central leading bodies.

　　The key to the great cause of the Millennium lies in people. The key to governing the country lies in employing people.

　　The new era calls for a new strong collective leadership.

　　How to produce a new central collective leadership with the Supreme Leader General Secretary as the core and lead China into the future is expected by the whole party, concerned by the whole people and attracted worldwide attention.

　　Party constitution stipulates that the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Party shall be elected by the plenary session of the Central Committee.

　　According to this provision, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China will elect a new Central Committee and the 1st Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee will elect a new central leading body.

　　In this regard, the CPC Central Committee attaches great importance to it.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that our party is a big party with more than 89 million people in party member. Being in power in a big country with a population of more than one billion, it has a heavy burden and great responsibility on its shoulders, and it is necessary to form a central leading collective that is politically firm, united, strong and energetic.

　　Under the overall planning of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the nomination of candidates for the new central leading bodies has been carried out in an orderly manner … …

　　From the beginning of 2017, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader listened carefully to Comrade The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC)’s opinions on how to prepare the candidates for the new central leadership.

　　It is unanimously agreed that, on the basis of summing up the relevant practices of the 16th, 17th and 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and drawing lessons from the practices and experience of the 19th "two committees" candidates and the inspection work of provincial party committees, we should take the form of talk and investigation to listen to recommendations and suggestions face to face in a certain range on the candidates for the new the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the Standing Committee and the Secretariat, the candidates for the Central Military Commission, the candidates for leading members in the State Council who need to be considered as a whole, and the newly promoted candidates in the National People’s Congress and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Party.

　　On April 24, 2017, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) meeting to conduct special research, and discussed and adopted the Arrangement Plan for Talks and Research on the Brewing of Candidates for the 19th Central Leading Body. Conversation, investigation and candidate preparation are conducted under the direct leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. Mainly follow the following principles:

　　— — Focus on promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinating the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, implement the new development concept, build a well-off society in an all-round way, and constantly promote the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era; Focus on improving the party’s leadership level and ruling ability, maintaining and developing the party’s advanced nature and purity, promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance ability, and consolidating the party’s ruling position; Focus on the successors and prosperity of the party’s cause, and ensure the long-term stability of the party and the country.

　　— — Adhere to the standards of politicians’ groups, adhere to all corners of the country, appoint people on their merits, adhere to both ability and political integrity, put morality first, put career first, be fair and upright, strictly control politics and integrity, and select and employ people accurately and scientifically.

　　— — We will further improve and perfect the mechanism for the generation of party and state leaders, and actively and steadily promote the replacement of old and new leaders at the top of the party and state.

　　— — Adhere to the principle that the Party is in charge of cadres, implement democratic centralism, give full play to inner-party democracy, and improve the quality and effectiveness of democracy. Talk and research focus on brainstorming and unified understanding, without limiting the number of recommendations, and the number of recommended votes is used as a reference, not taking people by votes. According to the requirements of cadres’ conditions, consistent performance and team structure, we will study and propose candidates for the new central leading bodies.

　　The selection scheme for the new Central Military Commission should emphasize the adherence to political standards, focus on preparing for war, optimize the structural layout, and pay attention to the echelon allocation of the old, middle-aged and young.

　　According to these principles, the Central Committee has put forward the conditions for recommending candidates:

　　— — Loyalty to the Party, firm belief, firm establishment of "four consciousnesses" and "four self-confidences", firm implementation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and high consistency with the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, are qualified Marxist politicians.

　　— — Strong leadership, rich practical experience, strong revolutionary dedication, spirit of reform and innovation and seeking truth from facts, courage to take responsibility, correct outlook on political achievements and outstanding work performance.

　　— — Take the lead in implementing democratic centralism, consciously safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, be good at uniting comrades, be fair and upright, and be broad-minded.

　　— — Have the world outlook, outlook on life and values of communist party people, take the lead in adhering to principles, take the lead in observing the party’s discipline and rules, have a good style, be honest and upright, and have a high prestige and a good image inside and outside the party.

　　Referring to the previous practice, according to the needs of the development of the cause of the party and the state and the reality of the construction of the central leading body, the central government also put forward clear requirements on the scope, age and structure of the recommended candidates.

　　Everyone agrees that the Central Committee’s principles on the preparation of candidates for the new central leading bodies are scientific and reasonable, the standard conditions for recommending candidates are clear and definite, and the recommended scope, age and structure requirements are in line with reality, which reflects the foresight of the CPC Central Committee.

　　Democratic science condenses consensus

　　— — A series of new ways and measures have been adopted in the selection of candidates for the new central leading bodies, which embodies the new mechanism and orientation of selecting and employing people and shows the new style and image of the party.

　　In late May 2017, a leading cadre at the provincial and ministerial level was informed to come to Beijing to participate in the organization talk.

　　The meeting place is arranged in Zhongnanhai. As soon as I arrived in the waiting room, three materials were already on the table — — Relevant Arrangements of Conversation and Investigation, Roster of Current Party and State Leaders party member and Roster of Leading Cadres at Provincial and Ministerial Level in party member.

　　According to the working procedure of conversation research, arrange sufficient time for the cadres to read the materials and think carefully and prepare independently.

　　On this basis, the central leading comrades listened to the cadre’s recommendation on the candidates for the new central leading bodies by face-to-face talks.

　　"There is no limit to the number of referees, talk as much as you know, talk as you think, seek truth from facts and speak freely." The cadre felt afterwards, "As a comrade working in a local area, I have the opportunity and qualification to express my opinions and recommend the candidates for the new central leading body. This is the high trust of the CPC Central Committee, which fully reflects our party’s democratic style and broad mind, and reflects our party’s fine tradition of concentrating the wisdom of the whole party."

　　In the form of individual interviews and research, face-to-face listening to the recommendations and relevant suggestions for the candidates of the central leading bodies within a certain range is a major innovation in the nomination of candidates for the 19 th central leading bodies.

　　This major innovation is embodied in drawing lessons from historical experience and exploring new ways and measures to select and employ people — —

　　Our party has a fine tradition in selecting high-level leaders of the party and the state, and has been actively exploring, with experience and lessons. The 17th and 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China adopted the method of meeting recommendation. However, due to the excessive emphasis on the weight of votes, it brought some disadvantages: some comrades simply "ticked off" during the meeting recommendation process, which led to random voting and distorted public opinion, and even voted for relationship votes and human votes. Zhou Yongkang, Sun Zhengcai and Ling Jihua, who have been investigated and dealt with by the Central Committee, used the recommendation of the meeting to engage in non-organizational activities such as canvassing and bribery.

　　Adhering to the problem orientation, the Central Committee has innovated and improved the selection method of the new central leading body, emphasized the democratic orientation, improved democratic methods and improved the quality of democracy, and decided to gradually select the candidates for the central leading body on the basis of in-depth inspection and strict control of the candidates for the 19th "two committees" through talks, investigations, listening to opinions, repeated brewing and meeting decisions.

　　From late April to June 2017, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader specially arranged time to talk with the current party and state leading comrades, members of the Central Military Commission, and old comrades in the party, fully listening to opinions and talking with 57 people before and after.

　　According to The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC)’s arrangement, the relevant leading comrades of the Central Committee respectively listened to the opinions of 258 leading comrades in charge of party member at the provincial and ministerial level and in the military theater and other members of the 18th Central Committee. The responsible comrades of the Central Military Commission respectively listened to the opinions of 32 leading comrades in the current theater and the main responsible comrades in the theater-level departments of the military commission.

　　This way of taking individual interviews and listening to opinions and suggestions face to face has won unanimous praise from comrades who participated in the talks. It is generally felt that the plan is well thought out, the work arrangement is meticulous, the program is well designed, and the discipline requirements are strict, so that the opinions reflected are more comprehensive, more true and more accurate.

　　This major innovation is reflected in the insistence on selecting people by things and forming a new mechanism and new orientation for organizational work — —

　　In the interview recommendation work, the Central Committee made clear the conditions for recommending candidates, insisted on selecting candidates according to the standards of Marxist politicians group, and paid attention to the integration of knowledge and practice; Adhere to the career-oriented, meritocratic, pay attention to work ability and practical experience; Adhere to the strict integrity and style of candidates, and pay attention to image and word of mouth.

　　Strict standards, career first, comrades who participated in the conversation spoke highly of this and unanimously agreed.

　　Everyone thinks that the leadership positions of the party and the state are not "iron chairs" or "iron hats", and those who meet the age may not necessarily continue to nominate, mainly according to the political performance, integrity and career needs of the candidates, and they can stay and transfer, be promoted and demoted.

　　Everyone reflected that the selection of candidates for the 19th Central Leading Body has improved the scientific employment mechanism, which is of far-reaching significance for further forming a good inner-party political ecology and enhancing the scientificity and credibility of cadre selection.

　　Many comrades said that it is an effective way to fully develop inner-party democracy in the new situation to listen to opinions widely on the high-level personnel arrangements of the party and the state on such a large scale, and it is a successful practice to improve and perfect the mechanism for the generation of party and state leaders, and advocates a new correct orientation for employing people.

　　This major innovation is embodied in adhering to a clean and upright style and reshaping the party’s new style and new image — —

　　With a glorious political mission and heavy political responsibility, and a highly responsible attitude towards the cause of the party and the state, the comrades who participated in the conversation were serious, knowing everything and saying everything, telling the truth and expressing their opinions fairly.

　　Comrades who participated in the conversation were very serious and cautious when thinking and preparing, and some drew up the outline of the conversation; In the conversation, everyone can speak freely, not only giving full recommendations, but also many comrades put forward good suggestions on the construction of the central leadership team; Some comrades called to supplement their opinions after returning from the conversation, and some also specially submitted written materials … …

　　"The conversation process is also a test and party spirit education for me, and it is a vivid practice for senior leading cadres to participate in political life within the party." Everyone reported that this method has overcome all kinds of disadvantages brought by the previous "pushing by the sea at the conference" and "drawing votes and ticking", and there is no undercurrent, and the wind is always clean and upright.

　　Fully communicate and brew, and unite the will of the whole party.

　　On the basis of comprehensive opinions and suggestions, on September 25, 2017, The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) put forward a proposal for the composition of the new central leadership.

　　The proposal for the selection of leading members of the new Central Commission for Discipline Inspection was put forward by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Central Organization Department after deliberation and discussion. The proposal for the composition of the new Central Military Commission was put forward to the Central Committee by the Central Military Commission after collective discussion.

　　On September 29th, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party deliberated and approved the list of candidates for the new central leadership, and decided to submit it to the First Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee and the First Plenary Session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection for election, adoption and decision respectively.

　　The process of the emergence of the new central leading body is a process of adhering to the party’s leadership and fully carrying forward democracy, and condensing the wisdom of the whole party. It is a process of doing things in strict accordance with party constitution, the system and the procedures, and a process of constantly improving and perfecting the mechanism for the emergence of party and state leaders, which fully shows that our party is more United, unified, mature and confident.

　　Sail in the wind and waves

　　— — The new central leading body has brought together outstanding ruling backbones from all walks of life of the whole party. They will unite and lead the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to carry out great struggles, build great projects, advance great undertakings and realize great dreams with lofty sentiments and high spirits.

　　On October 24th, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China elected the new Central Committee and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

　　On October 25th, the first plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee elected a new central leading body.

　　This is a leading group that embodies the will of the whole party, embodies the consensus of the whole party, reflects the expectations of the people, and deserves the full trust of the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country — —

　　The new central leading bodies are composed of ruling party backbones who meet the standards of Marxist politicians, can adapt to the overall layout of "five in one" and coordinate the promotion of "four comprehensive" strategic layouts, have the professional quality of solving difficult problems in reform and coping with various risks, have rich leadership experience and mass work skills, are loyal, clean and responsible, and have high prestige among cadres and the masses.

　　This is a leading group that links the past with the future and carries forward the future, fully embodying the style of contemporary the Communist Party of China (CPC) people — —

　　The 19th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee consists of 25 comrades who are familiar with all aspects and fields of work, all of whom have higher education and professional knowledge, and have a reasonable structure. Some of them work in local areas, some in central and state organs, some comrades in the army and some lesbians. Among them, 10 comrades were nominated by the 18th members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, 3 comrades were transferred from the National People’s Congress and leading comrades in the State Council, and 12 comrades were newly promoted.

　　This is a leading group full of vigor and vitality, which can meet the needs of the long-term development of the cause of the party and the state — —

　　The advance and retreat ratio of the new central leading body is relatively appropriate, maintaining the continuity of personnel and work, and actively and steadily realizing the alternation of old and new senior leaders of the party and the state. A group of leading cadres who have both ability and political integrity and are in the prime of life have entered the new the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, which fully reflects the prosperity and success of our party.

　　When the new central leading bodies were considering candidates and soliciting opinions, some leading comrades of the Party and the state put the interests of the Party and the people first, and took the initiative to step down in the spirit of being highly responsible for national development and national rejuvenation, so as to let relatively young comrades come up, showing the broad mind and integrity of communist party people.

　　Pilot a new era and start a new journey.

　　On the morning of October 25, 2017, the East Hall of the Great Hall of the People was brightly lit and the atmosphere was warm. At 11: 54, the Supreme Leader of the 19th Central Committee, General Secretary of communist party, China, and Li Keqiang, Li Zhanshu, Wang Yang, Wang Huning, Zhao Leji and Han Zheng of The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) entered the East Hall and had a cordial meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists covering the 19th Party Congress.

　　With vigorous steps and calm posture, the central leading comrades showed calm and heroic bearing and enterprising spirit in front of the camera and flash.

　　On behalf of the members of the new central leading body, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sincerely thanked the comrades of the whole party for their trust, and said that he must be conscientious, diligent, and live up to his mission and trust. He said that in the past five years, we have done a lot of work, some have been completed, and some will continue to do so. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward new goals and tasks, and we should make overall plans to implement them. As long as we are deeply rooted in the people and rely on them closely, we can gain infinite strength and forge ahead courageously, rain or shine.

　　This is the confidence of the leader of the new era, this is the responsibility of a ruling party, and this is the hope of the great national rejuvenation.

　　The new central collective leadership with the Supreme Leader as the core will unite and lead the whole party and the people of all nationalities in China, hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, forge ahead with determination, work hard, win the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, win the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and lead the ship carrying the great dream of the people of China to sail forward through the waves and sail to the glorious other side.

　　(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 26th, Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhao Cheng Huo Xiaoguang Zhang Xiaosong Luo Zhengguang)

　　As an extremely precious epic text in the treasure house of Chinese culture and even the world culture, Gesar has experienced the development process from the folk oral narrative tradition spread on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for thousands of years, to the national folk culture under the national discourse system, and then to the intangible cultural heritage of mankind in the international perspective, which is a great contribution of the Chinese nation to human civilization.

　　Historically, the story of the hero Gesar has been spread among Tibetans, Mongolians, Naxi, Yugur, Tu and other ethnic groups. They localized the story and formed a heroic epic that all ethnic groups highly admire. As a result, "Gesar" originated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and then spread to all ethnic groups and regions and even to the surrounding areas in cross-border and cross-cultural contexts. It has become a cultural treasure that witnessed the long-term exchanges and exchanges between Tibetans and other ethnic groups, and has also become an important cultural heritage shared by China and countries and regions along the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　▲ Gesar Square in Yushu, Qinghai. (Source: Picture Worm Creativity)

　　Since 1950s, our government has included the collection and arrangement of Gesar in the national cultural protection work sequence, which can be said to give it a "second life". On this basis, since the beginning of this century, the country has vigorously advocated and practiced the concept of intangible cultural heritage protection, which has further protected, inherited and developed Gesar, and opened a new connection and dialogue with the world based on the local conditions.

　　Grand narrative tradition

　　As a masterpiece of folk literature, Gesar is a grand narrative epic created by the Tibetan people and still in live transmission, representing the highest achievement of ancient Tibetan folk culture. It tells the story of King Gelsall, a hero, who devoted himself to saving the living beings, leading the "Lingguo" tribe to subdue demons, restrain the strong and help the weak, and promote people to live in harmony and build a beautiful home. It comprehensively reflects the ancient features of history, society, religion, customs, morality and culture of Tibetans and other ethnic groups, and is an important carrier of local knowledge, ethnic memory, folk wisdom and mother tongue expression.

　　Like other national epics and folk literature works, Gesar has two basic ways of dissemination: first, it is preserved and disseminated by manuscripts and woodcuts; Second, it is passed on by the people, especially the excellent inheritors. The successor of Gesar, the rapper, is called "Zhongken" and "Zhongwow" in Tibetan, which means the storyteller. It is by virtue of the outstanding oral artistic talents of "Zhongken" and "Zhongwa" from generation to generation that Gesar has been passed down for thousands of years in the vast plateau agricultural and pastoral areas, spread widely among the people, and even become a part of their daily lives.

　　When folk artists sing, they often sum up the main content of Gesar in three sentences: "The heaven above sent envoys to earth, and there were various disputes in the middle world, and the hell below completed the karma." It can be seen that the whole epic consists of three parts: heroes descending to earth, surrendering demons and stabilizing the world. Its scale is generally described by more than 1 million lines, more than 20 million words and more than 170 texts in academic circles. It is well-deserved to be one of live transmission’s epics with the longest length and the largest scale in the world, and it can be called the "world epic crown". As far as the system is concerned, in fact, these are only approximate figures, because Gesar is a living epic, and its length and connotation are constantly breaking through with the improvisation of singers. Gesar, as we see it today, is a grand narrative tradition with vast text content, complex discourse structure, diverse genre forms and numerous ways of inheritance, which is spread across nationalities, borders and cultural circles.

　　This "encyclopedic" great epic also witnessed the exchanges and cultural creativity of all ethnic groups in China. It is not only the source of inspiration for the creation of traditional folk art such as Thangka, Tibetan opera and singing, but also the source of modern art such as literature, film and television, dance, music and fine arts, which has greatly promoted the prosperity and development of various literary and artistic forms. In the process of the spread of Gesar, the languages, religious beliefs and values of all ethnic groups have had a profound impact on it. At the same time, it has continuously absorbed the cultures of all ethnic groups and enriched its own content and connotation.

　　▲ "Gesar" Tibetan translation Chinese series. (Photo courtesy of Xizang Autonomous Region Academy of Social Sciences)

　　Looking back at the beginning of the formation of Gesar, like many folk stories, it seems to be a story born out of history (with history as its theme) and spread among the people in the form of legend. Then, how did this legendary, scaly-clawed folk story develop into a grand narrative work and then become a spectacular narrative tradition?

　　The epic text of Gesar consists of three different genres, namely, historical genre, mythical genre and artistic genre. Among them, historical genre is the basis of epic genre, but in the later oral context, it constantly experienced the process of "de-historicization", and gradually merged into mythical and artistic images, and finally built an "epic building". Most of the other epics in the world originated from real history or took history as the background. Comparing the texts of Gesar in different times, we will find that the early texts are close to the objective reality, although they are legendary; Later texts have a strong mythical color; However, the text produced in recent years has a strong Buddhist color, which has generally gone through three stages: historical experience (original historical narrative), historical myth and then myth art. In China, it is not uncommon for myths to be historicized. As far as Tibetans are concerned, the history before the period of Tubo Songzan Gambo in the 7th century A.D. can be regarded as oral mythical history to some extent. This also shows that only when history is mythologized can it spread fire for the birth of epic.

　　According to the literature, Gesar is a historical figure. He was born in the first half of the 11th century in a tribe called Lingguo on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, that is, the dege county-Ezhi area in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. His real life scene before his death is described in detail in the 14th century’s History of the Lang Family. The map of the Tang Dynasty in the Atlas of Chinese History, edited by Mr. Tan Qixiang, clearly marked the location of "Ling", indicating that the tribe was already famous at that time. Thus, Gesar, as a historical figure with flesh and blood, laid the foundation for the text of Gesar. Subsequently, from the original historical narrative to the mythical narrative, Gesar changed from man to god, and the historical text gradually evolved into an epic text.

　　▲ Picture book "Young Hero King Gelsall" China Zhongfuhui Publishing House. (Source: Zhongxin. com)

　　In this process, many important events in Tibetan history formed intertextual relations with Gesar, which became important materials for molding epic texts. From a macro point of view, the time and space view of the whole epic refers to the historical events, social events, folk traditions, military achievements, etc. of Tibetans moving from a scattered tribal society to a unified Tubo society. With the progress of cross-culture, Gesar borrowed many concepts and terms referring to social and cultural events in Tibetan history. For example, taking "Zong" (the county-level administrative organization in ancient Tibet) as the basic narrative unit, it is often used to describe and divide the units of epic stories with 18 major sects, 18 middle sects, 18 minor sects or 64 minor sects. In addition, it was also integrated into many historical events at that time, including the dispute between Buddhism and benzene, the mutual struggle between Tibetan local forces in the Tubo period and the post-Honghu period, etc. However, this intertextuality uses mythical and artistic methods. Although the mythical text has not yet reached the level of a masterpiece, the story model and basic structure have been formed, and there have been chapters such as Birth, Horse Racing as King, Huoling War, Jiangling War, Menling and Moling. In this regard, scholar Yang Yi put forward: "In a long period of time, due to the nurturing of various cultural factors and the genius creation of the artist’s mind and soul, (Gesar) has been sprouted from a limited number of original works, full of vitality, expanded into a department, and was born outside the department. Only by subduing the evil part, it has derived 18 large pieces and 18 small pieces, and absorbed the rich wisdom of the nation.Finally, it is more than 100 in length. "

　　▲ Gesar epic Tibetan embroidery scroll "Thirty Generals of Gesar Ridge" appeared in the "GAO-YUAN Intangible Heritage Forum". (Photo by Fion Sun from China News Agency)

　　Gesar learned from and absorbed Buddhist culture in the early stage of its gestation and birth, and was able to turn a chrysalis into a butterfly, with a gorgeous turn from a fairy tale to a grand narrative. Although the Buddhist thought was gradually strengthened in the later Gesar text, its artistic essence never changed. Buddhism, as an artistic means, has created the evolution process of Gesar from perceptual to rational, from the experience level to the concept level, which has played an important role in the leap from myth to art and provided a philosophical basis for the transition from metaphor to symbol level. No matter in the stage of historical myth or mythological art, the evolution of Gesar’s text takes artistic imagination as the starting point and poetic thinking as the logical origin of epic narration, which promotes the formation of the core values and concepts recognized by all ethnic groups in China, such as the feelings of home and country, the way to help the world, equality, freedom and justice.

　　It is precisely because of its lofty characteristics and grand thoughts that the epic Gesar can spread and develop across regions, nationalities, borders and cultures. In the 11th and 12th centuries, after the formation of the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with the Three Rivers as the core, Gesar continued to radiate outward, forming a "core area" and a "radiation area" at the regional and geographical levels, as well as a huge epic spread belt across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Mongolian Plateau and the Pamirs, which became an important part of the multi-ethnic cultural circle in the Himalayas. With the footsteps of pilgrims and business travelers on the ancient tea-horse road, with the forgetfulness of rappers, especially with the continuous expansion and deepening of exchanges and exchanges between various ethnic groups, Gesar has gradually spread to more and further places from the junction of Tibet, Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu and other provinces and regions in China.

　　▲ The dance "Ling King Gelsall" filmed at the special cultural evening to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the liberation of Qamdo. (Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhan Yanshe)

　　Nowadays, Gesar is widely spread and influential among Tibetan, Mongolian, Tu, Yugu, Dongxiang, Sala, Naxi, Qiang, Menba, Luoba, Pumi, Bai, Dulong and Lisu in seven provinces and regions. In addition, Nepal, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, Mongolia, Russia and other countries and regions have also spread. In other words, it has formed an international circulation belt along the "Belt and Road", becoming a beautiful landscape in the history of world cultural exchange and epic territory, and an important witness to the exchange and mutual learning of human civilization and cultural creativity.

　　(The author is Nobuwangdan, director and researcher of Tibetan Literature Research Office of Institute of Ethnic Literature, China Academy of Social Sciences, director of the office of the National Leading Group for Gesar, and professor of China Academy of Social Sciences. This article was published in the 6th issue of China Nationality magazine in 2022. )

　　Producer | Yang Xinhua

　　Audit | Niu Zhinan

　　Coordinating | Kang Kunquan, Hu Jun, Liu Jia

　　Editor | Long Huirui Jiang Ling Francy Wang Keyra Liu

　　Production | Kou Jiayu

1905 movie network news According to the data of Lighthouse Professional Edition, as of 12: 25 on December 31, New Year’s Day in 2023(31 December-2 January)The total box office (including pre-sales) exceeded 100 million yuan. With a box office score of 46.684 million (including pre-sales), it is temporarily ranked first in the list, ranking second to fifth.

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