Editor’s Note In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that innovation is the first driving force for development and the strategic support for building a modern economic system. In order to speed up the construction of an innovative country and achieve the goal of providing strong support for building a powerful country in science and technology, quality, space, network, transportation, digital China and intelligent society. Recently, experts and scholars in the scientific and technological fields have seriously studied and understood the spirit of the report of the 19th National Congress. They said that we should conscientiously implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, speed up the consolidation of the foundation of China’s scientific and technological undertakings, and roll up our sleeves and work hard — —

　　The new era entrusts scientific and technological workers with new tasks

　　Gaofu

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is magnificent and sends out the strongest voice of the times! China’s socialist construction has entered a new era, and under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, the supreme leader in the new era, the economy and society will surely get unprecedented development. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that innovation is the first driving force for development and the strategic support for building a modern economic system. This is the new task given to scientific and technological workers by the new era, new mission and new journey.

　　Throughout the development of science and technology in developed countries, the strategic reserve of science and technology has always been a rolling source of social and economic development in developed countries. Therefore, in the future development, China must strengthen the strategic layout of science and technology. In the past few years, we have made a good layout of many large-scale scientific installations, and a large number of scientific research achievements have emerged one after another, which not only "topped the sky" to enhance China’s international influence, but also "stood on the ground" to serve the main battlefield of society, people and economy. For example, the construction of Shanghai light source has helped us to interpret the transmission mechanism of H7N9 virus from birds to people and played an important role in formulating relevant prevention and control policies for the country.

　　In the next step, as far as my major is concerned, we should strengthen the research work on disease control and prevention, which is very important for ensuring the life and health of our people and economic and social development.

　　People’s health is an important symbol of national prosperity and national prosperity. Today, with the development of China’s economy and society, people’s specific requirements for health and medical needs have also changed. This puts forward higher requirements for disease control and prevention in China. To protect people’s health and implement the strategy of healthy China, we must build a first-class disease control and prevention system. First-class disease control needs first-class scientific and technological support, which will also be integrated into the construction of national innovation system and the strengthening of strategic scientific and technological forces. In the future, we will face the forefront of world science and technology, the main battlefield of economy, and the major needs of the country, do a good job in basic research and applied research, and serve the country and the people.

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a conference of "Do not forget your initiative mind, bearing in mind the mission, holding high the banner and forging ahead in unity". As workers in the front line of science and technology and public health, we will conscientiously implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, consolidate the foundation of science and technology and public health in China, and roll up our sleeves and work hard!

　　(The author is a representative of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, and director of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention).

　　Create a new situation in the development of intellectual property.

　　Shen Changyu

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader is profound and strategic, and it is a political declaration and action program that guides the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics to enter a new era, start a new journey and write a new chapter. In particular, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward that we should advocate innovative culture and strengthen the creation, protection and application of intellectual property rights. This points out the direction for intellectual property work and is the fundamental follow-up and action guide for doing a good job in intellectual property work. In the future, we will focus on strengthening the creation, protection and application of intellectual property rights, improve the comprehensive strength of intellectual property rights and help the country’s innovation and development.

　　First, we must strengthen the creation of intellectual property rights. It is necessary to aim at the forefront of the world’s science and technology, strengthen key common technologies, frontier leading technologies, modern engineering technologies and subversive technological innovations, and provide the source for improving the quality of intellectual property rights. We must adhere to the principle of quality first and benefit first, carry out the patent quality improvement project in depth, and strive to promote the transformation of intellectual property creation from multi-directional to excellent and from large to strong.

　　Second, we must strengthen intellectual property protection. Protection is the core of intellectual property work. We must conscientiously promote the work of strict protection, large protection, rapid protection and equal protection of intellectual property rights, and actively build a good environment for strict protection of intellectual property rights according to law. In particular, we should improve the laws and regulations on intellectual property protection, improve the quality and efficiency of intellectual property review, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in emerging fields and formats, increase the punishment of infringement and illegal acts, and raise the public’s awareness of intellectual property rights, so as to promote the transformation of intellectual property protection from continuous strengthening to comprehensive and strict.

　　Third, we must strengthen the use of intellectual property rights. We must adhere to the "three-pronged approach" and promote the transformation of the use of intellectual property rights from single benefit to comprehensive benefit. Continue to deepen the reform of the distribution of intellectual property rights and interests, build a scientific and reasonable distribution mechanism of rights and interests, and fundamentally mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of units and inventors to implement the transformation of achievements. At the same time, establish and improve the intellectual property operation platform system to provide a good platform support for the transfer and transformation of intellectual property rights, acquisition custody, transaction circulation, pledge financing, analysis and evaluation, and promote the comprehensive use of intellectual property rights. In addition, facing the real economy, we should vigorously promote the development of intellectual property-intensive industries, improve the level of product supply, and meet the people’s growing needs for a better life by implementing patent navigation projects and forming industrial intellectual property alliances.

　　(The author is Director China National Intellectual Property Administration and Academician of China Academy of Sciences)

　　Create a good research environment for young talents

　　Liu Minghua

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that a large number of strategic scientific and technological talents, leading scientific and technological talents, young scientific and technological talents and high-level innovative teams with international standards should be trained. This makes me deeply touched, because talents are the core of cutting-edge technology, and the essence of future scientific and technological competition is the competition of high-end talents.

　　In the field of nanotechnology, which I am engaged in scientific research, foreign scientists are the main force in its early development. However, with the increasing attention and investment in this field in China, China scientists have occupied a very important position in the field of nanotechnology and gained wide recognition all over the world. In the future, the development of nanotechnology should integrate the wisdom of Chinese scientists and innovative entrepreneurs all over the world, strengthen the cooperation in Industry-University-Research, and pay attention to cultivating young talents to deliver a steady stream of innovation for building a powerful country in science and technology.

　　As a matter of fact, China is one of the earliest countries in the world to carry out nanotechnology research. In the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan (2006-2020), nanotechnology is promoted as a major scientific research plan. At present, China has become a big country in nanotechnology research and development in the world, some basic research has leapt to the international leading level, and the total output of nanotechnology has also ranked first in the world.

　　In recent years, the National Nanoscience Center has continuously increased its cooperation with major universities, paying more attention to the quality of scientific research achievements and the practical contribution of young talents. At the same time, strengthen the cultivation of young innovative talents and encourage young people to undertake more academic innovation work and responsibilities. Especially for returned talents, the center has set up a series of special forums to encourage young people to preside over and invite famous experts at home and abroad to discuss.

　　Over the years, the country has made great efforts in attracting talents. The key to cultivating innovative talents needs to make more efforts in creating an environment for the growth of talents. On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the layout of strategic scientific and technological forces and build an important talent echelon that adapts to the national strategic development; On the other hand, it is necessary to solve the learning environment and life problems in the process of talent growth. Integrate and unify all kinds of talent plans, create a good environment for young talents to study with peace of mind and concentrate on innovation, and at the same time solve a series of worries of scientific researchers in their lives, so that they can love science and innovation more and be willing to devote more time to innovation activities.

　　(The author is the director of the National Nanoscience Center)

　　Step up the reform of science and technology system.

　　Qiu Dewen

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pays attention not only to scientific and technological innovation, but also to agricultural development. As an agricultural researcher, I am extremely excited and proud to see that many of our scientific research projects and research fields are consistent with the goals mentioned in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, establish a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market orientation and deep integration of Industry-University-Research, strengthen the support for the innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

　　At present, although the scientific research environment in China has been greatly improved, the integration of Industry-University-Research needs to be improved, and the "last mile" problem is common among all links. For example, in the field of agricultural scientific research, there are problems such as long research cycle and large investment, but slow effect, slow income and high risk in industrialization promotion. This has led to a lot of social capital unwilling to enter the agricultural field, and many good agricultural scientific research achievements cannot "take root". In this regard, it is necessary to promote the reform of the national science and technology system, make the connection between Industry-University-Research smoother, and promote deep integration.

　　In recent years, our Academy of Agricultural Sciences regards scientific and technological system reform and agricultural scientific and technological innovation as two major power sources to promote the key tasks of building a world-class modern agricultural scientific research institute, promotes system reform with mechanism innovation, establishes and improves the open collaborative governance model of the institute, promotes the scientific research organization model of resource sharing and collaborative innovation, and creates a level playing field that encourages innovation and transformation. At the same time, improve the scientific and technological evaluation mechanism, carry out third-party evaluation, take innovation effect, innovation ability and innovation efficiency as the core content, establish a classified evaluation system for the implementation effect of key tasks of scientific planning, effectively use the evaluation results, adjust key support areas in time, and improve the effectiveness of resource allocation.

　　In addition, the report also proposes to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. We should explore the incentive and protection system for scientific and technological personnel in national scientific research institutions to innovate and start businesses, encourage and support scientific and technological personnel of various identities to reflect innovation value through the application of achievements, and create a level playing field to encourage innovation and transformation. Improve the scientific evaluation method of achievement transformation and innovation and entrepreneurship, and smooth the promotion channels of professional and technical positions of relevant personnel.

　　(The author is the deputy director of the Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

　　Comprehensively improve the level of meteorological services.

　　Yu rucong

　　As a non-party member, I had the honor to attend The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and listen to the report of the 19th National Congress made by the Supreme Leader.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that strengthening applied basic research, expanding the implementation of major national scientific and technological projects, and highlighting key common technologies, cutting-edge leading technologies, modern engineering technologies and subversive technological innovations will provide strong support for building a powerful country in science and technology, quality, space, network, transportation, digital China and smart society.

　　Meteorology is a scientific and technological basic social public welfare undertaking, and meteorological research belongs to applied basic research. In the future, we will strive to improve the ability and level of refined global all-round and all-round meteorological services.

　　With the continuous development of economy and society, the planning of people’s activities is becoming more and more detailed, and the requirements for temporal and spatial accuracy and element accuracy of meteorological information are getting higher and higher; The scope of people’s activities is getting wider and wider, and the planning time is getting longer and longer, which requires as long as possible, all-round and all-round coverage of global forecasting services; There are more and more ways of people’s activities, and the demand for pertinence and personalization of meteorological information is getting higher and higher, and the demand for diversified information is increasing; The dependence and sensitivity of human survival on natural conditions and environment are getting stronger and stronger, and the task of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation and coping with climate change is becoming increasingly arduous; People pay more attention to ecological civilization, green development and rational utilization of climate resources. Accurate and comprehensive meteorological service is the necessary guarantee for Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s modernization development.

　　In the next step, under the guidance of the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the development of meteorological undertakings should face the needs of the new era, and strive to make the achievements of world scientific and technological development as useful as possible. Strive to improve the scientific and technological innovation ability based on data collection, processing and application, focusing on the development, application, evaluation and improvement of numerical models, and improving scientific cognition and innovative scientific methods; Strive to adapt to the high-tech transformation from qualitative to quantitative, from experience to science, from subjective to objective, from artificial to intelligent; Strive to build a meteorological team with scientific and technological talents as the main body. Meteorological work must strive to improve the service level of all-round climate assessment and meteorological forecast, and actively participate in and serve the overall development of national economic, political, social, cultural and ecological civilization construction to the maximum extent.

　　(The author is a member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of China Meteorological Bureau)

　　Accelerate the construction of a maritime power.

　　Deng xianming

　　In recent years, China has continuously strengthened the independent innovation capability of marine science and technology, strengthened the research and development of basic, forward-looking and key marine technologies, and made great efforts to improve the capabilities of marine exploration, research and application and the development and utilization of marine resources. The comprehensive strength of marine science and technology has been rapidly improved, from weak to strong, from following to leading, and some fields and pipe fittings technologies have even reached the world leading level. The innovation of marine science and technology has entered the stage of "qualitative breakthrough" in some fields. With the promulgation and implementation of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Exploration and Development of Deep Seabed Resources and the revised Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Marine Environment, China is steadily advancing towards the road of caring for, understanding and managing the ocean.

　　According to the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the innovation-driven development strategy has been vigorously implemented, and the construction of an innovative country has achieved fruitful results. Major scientific and technological achievements such as Tiangong, Tianyan, Jiaolong, Mozi, Wukong and Big Aircraft have come out one after another. Among them, the major achievements of marine science and technology represented by the "Zhenlong" can be praised by the General Secretary, which shows the importance of marine science and technology to the construction of a strong country to a certain extent.

　　It is worth noting that the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that the construction of a maritime power should be accelerated. This is inseparable from the accelerated emergence of a series of marine scientific and technological achievements in the past five years, such as "Xiaolong", "Hidden Dragon" and "Hailong". These outstanding achievements have laid a technical foundation for building a maritime power. However, although great progress has been made in the development of marine science and technology in China, and the overall scientific and technological strength is approaching that of developed countries, there is still a big gap in scientific and technological innovation ability and technology development. For example, there are few independent original innovations, especially in key areas such as deep sea and ocean, where the self-sufficiency rate of core technologies is low.

　　As a marine scientific researcher working in the front line, I believe that with the horn of accelerating the construction of a maritime power blowing, with the joint efforts of the vast number of marine scientific and technological workers, managers and related basic industries, guided by scientific and technological innovation, through hard work, China’s marine science and technology will certainly be at the forefront of the world, contributing to the construction of a maritime power and contributing to the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　(The author is a senior engineer of the Second Institute of Oceanography of the State Oceanic Administration)

　　Ensure the safe supply of oil and gas resources

　　Zhang Gongcheng

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that strengthening applied basic research, expanding the implementation of major national scientific and technological projects, and highlighting key common technologies, cutting-edge leading technologies, modern engineering technologies and subversive technological innovations will provide strong support for building a powerful country in science and technology, quality, space, network, transportation, digital China and smart society. This series of expositions points out the direction for the research of China’s oil and gas industry.

　　Oil and gas are the blood of industry. In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s economy, the demand for oil and gas has risen rapidly. Since it became a net importer of crude oil for the first time in 1993, the import volume has gradually increased, so the task of ensuring oil and gas self-sufficiency and stabilizing oil and gas supply has become more and more arduous.

　　China is rich in conventional oil and gas resources, but it is more and more difficult to find them. After nearly 70 years of large-scale exploration since the founding of New China in 1949, most of the easy-to-find oil and gas fields have been discovered, and the remaining exploration difficulties have gradually increased. Geographically, it develops from plain to plateau and polar regions, from shallow sea to deep sea and far sea, and from home to abroad; Exploration depth, from 3000 meters to 8000 meters or even 10000 meters deep and ultra-deep expansion; Underground conditions have changed from normal temperature and pressure strata to high temperature and high pressure strata and other complex and extremely complex fields; Formation conditions changed from high porosity and permeability reservoir to ultra-low porosity and permeability reservoir. This makes the theory and technology formed in decades face great challenges.

　　Based on the above situation, it is not difficult to see that to realize the long-term sustainable development of the upstream oil and gas industry, we must do a good job in basic research, strengthen basic research, regional research and comprehensive research, strive to innovate oil and gas geological theory, and constantly seek breakthroughs in exploration technology.

　　As the leading industry of the national economy, oil and gas is the basic guarantee for maintaining a stable supply of energy. The vast number of scientific and technological workers have the responsibility to actively implement the important instruction of "persisting in the overall planning of land and sea and speeding up the construction of a maritime power" put forward by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, keep up with the world’s scientific and technological frontier, and strengthen the basic research of oil and gas exploration as the long-term development direction of oil and gas exploration, so as to ensure the safe supply of oil and gas and contribute the wisdom and strength of oil workers to the construction of the dream of a strong country.

　　(The author is the vice president of Exploration Research Institute of CNOOC Research Institute)

　　CCTV News:The rapid development of information technology makes it easier for people to acquire knowledge. How can we turn "intelligence" into "wisdom" in future education? What are the unique experiences and feelings of Long Yongtu and Bai Yansong? Let’s look at what they said in the column "On Tao".

　　Apply what you have learned and master the method.

　　Long Yongtu: I came from an English major. At that time, I studied English at Guizhou University. I studied English for four years and never heard a real foreigner speak. So after I was assigned to Beijing, I didn’t even believe that foreigners could understand my foreign words. So when I first came to Beijing, I went to the Forbidden City. At that time, there were two old ladies and an old British lady who also visited the Forbidden City. As soon as I heard the English spoken by these two old ladies, I completely understood it. I felt that this English was not learned in vain.

　　Later, when the two old ladies visited an exhibition, one was the crown worn by the emperor and the other was the crown worn by the queen. The two old ladies began to argue about which one was worn by the emperor and which one was worn by the queen. Then I go up and speak in English. I want to show my English for the first time to see if they can understand. I told you this was the emperor’s and this was the queen’s. When the old lady heard this, because there were few English speakers in Chinese at that time, they looked at me with special respect, and what made me most happy was that I verified for the first time that my English foreigners could understand.

　　Therefore, I think this era is developing rapidly. In terms of learning knowledge, as long as your methods are correct, you can learn at the same starting line as children in big cities in Beijing and Shanghai, but the premise is that you must work hard, the premise is that you must really study, and the premise is that you must apply all conditions to learn knowledge well.

　　Benefit from a lifetime experience

　　Bai Yansong: I take 11 graduate students in journalism every year. At first, I just wanted to teach them majors, because there will be a lot of them in the school, and I will teach them more from the perspective of actual combat. But then slowly, it has become how to talk more about history on the one hand, and human nature on the other, and finally make it a more comprehensive person, so the major is not as much as before, but it may be more helpful for them to do it in the future, because everything needs support. Just like children’s coming to see the best education is delayed, I like this sentence very much. What does it mean?

　　The education they get today is not realized immediately today, but may be revealed to them several years later. For example, for these children, seeing the sea today may just be an impulse in their eyes. But many years later, compared with other students in their school who didn’t watch the sea, he might be more confident, more atmospheric, and more willing to speak, instead of hiding in the side shyly. At that time, you realized that the sea-watching a few years ago, although it was only less than a week, actually appeared in them a few years later. This is a good education.

　　Zeng Yu, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Fuzhou Municipal Committee and director of the Information Office of the Municipal Government-

　　Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the press,

　　Good afternoon everyone! Today, we are here to hold a press conference on the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in Fuzhou, to inform about the situation and answer questions from reporters.　

　　Present at the conference were: emergency headquarters, executive deputy commander of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control work in Fuzhou, and Ms. Sun Xiaolan, deputy mayor of the Municipal People’s Government; Mr. Guo Yong, Director of Fuzhou Health and Health Commission; Mr. Dong Jingtai, Head of the People’s Government of Jin ‘an District. First of all, please invite Ms. Sun Xiaolan to brief us on the situation.

　　　

Sun Xiaolan

　　Sun Xiaolan, executive deputy commander of emergency headquarters and deputy mayor of the municipal government for the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in Fuzhou-

　　Dear friends from the media:

　　Good afternoon everyone! Below, I would like to inform you about the epidemic prevention and control work in our city. There are two main aspects:

　　First, the basic situation of the case

　　As of 24: 00 on the 26th, Fuzhou had reported 186 asymptomatic infections and 5 confirmed cases, among which 63 cases were added that day. A total of 4,584 people were secretly contacted and 2,505 people were secretly contacted, all of which have been included in the control. There are 24 middle-risk zones in the city, including 17 in Jin ‘an, 5 in Minhou and 2 in Minqing.

　　II. Disposal of epidemic situation

　　In view of the current epidemic situation, the following work has been carried out:

　　1. Further strengthen social control. In order to quickly and effectively block the spread chain of the epidemic, starting from the 26th, the city suspended all gathering activities such as culture, entertainment, sports, folk customs, sales promotion, etc. When citizens enter supermarkets, pharmacies and other places, they need to hold a 48-hour negative nucleic acid certificate, and strictly implement normal prevention and control measures such as code scanning, temperature measurement and wearing masks.

　　2. Fully protect the rights and interests of candidates. On October 29th, the national qualification examination for primary and secondary school teachers in the second half of 2022 will be held. Nearly 50,000 people in our city will take part in this examination, which is a major event that concerns every candidate. According to the principle of "being able to take all the exams", we will accurately arrange the candidates’ code assignment, refine and improve the examination organization, and set up a special examination room for candidates with yellow codes to ensure the normal examination. Please pay close attention to the relevant reminder messages and official announcements, and take the exam for health.

　　3. Ensure people’s medical needs. In order to effectively protect residents’ demand for medical treatment during the epidemic, starting from 8: 00 on the 28th, we changed Jin ‘an District Hospital into a designated hospital for "red and yellow code" patients, providing medical services for "red and yellow code" patients in four urban areas, especially fever, tumor and pregnant women, and other counties (cities) also set up "red and yellow code" designated wards. In the next step, we will also provide medical services to citizens in high-risk areas by making rounds, providing on-site services and sending medical staff.

　　Citizens and friends, at present, we are at a critical moment in the race against the virus. In the next few days, I hope that everyone will consciously slow down the pace of life, calm down, not gather, not eat at home, and work at home. Now we are slowing down together to make this city get better faster. Thank you again for your understanding and cooperation. Thank you!

　　Zeng Yu:

　　I thank Ms. Sun Xiaolan for her briefing. Next, answer questions on the spot, please raise your hand before asking questions, and please report your identity after being invited. Now let’s start answering questions.

　　　

Fujian news broadcast reporter

　　Fujian News Radio reporter:

　　Recently, many citizens have reported that the health code has been given a "yellow code". Excuse me, under what circumstances will the health code be given a "yellow code"? How can citizens turn to green codes after being assigned yellow codes?

　　　

Guo Yong

　　Guo Yong, Director of Fuzhou Health and Health Commission:

　　Thank you for your questions.

　　In the epidemic prevention and control work, in order to beat the spread speed of the virus and gain precious time for the epidemic treatment, the staff will first assign "yellow codes" to the health codes of some people, including potential associates who have "time and space intersection" with positive infected people, mixed management personnel who are initially screened positive for regional nucleic acid testing, etc. This is an important health management measure for the epidemic prevention and control work in COVID-19, which can make the yellow code personnel reduce social activities, take the initiative to accept nucleic acid testing, and reduce the risk of epidemic spread.

　　Yellow coding is carried out by all levels and departments in accordance with the requirements of epidemic prevention and control, and the coding and transcoding of "Fujian Health Code" is managed and operated by the provincial platform. The related personnel screening is to obtain the owner information through the calculation of the mobile communication base station. Due to the large number of visits during this period, there will be a phenomenon of information transmission delay. Due to the need of epidemic prevention and control, there are certain restrictions on the "yellow code" personnel entering public places and taking public transport, and please understand.

　　If a citizen friend finds that his health code is yellow, please handle it according to the reason of "yellow code" prompted by the health code, and be sure to do the following:

　　1. Immediately report to the community and cooperate with the community investigation and management.

　　2. Wear a mask regularly, and go to the nearest "yellow code" nucleic acid sampling point for free nucleic acid detection as soon as possible (the information of yellow code and green code sampling points has been updated through "Fuzhou Health and Wellness" official website and WeChat WeChat official account).

　　3. Implement the "three-day two-test", that is, complete two nucleic acid tests within three days, and the interval between the two tests is not less than 24 hours.

　　After all the test results are negative, they can automatically turn into green codes.

　　At the same time that the health code is given yellow code, the city will send SMS reminders to the yellow code crowd. If the nucleic acid test has been carried out as required after being assigned the yellow code and the result is negative, it will be removed from the yellow code list; However, in the case of a large number of people with yellow code, there are cases where individual short messages are sent late and yellow code reminder short messages are received after turning to green code. The actual status is subject to the health code display. Remind citizens and friends in particular to pay attention to protecting personal information during the epidemic, and not to lend out identity documents, communication tools, electronic accounts, etc., so as not to affect the accuracy of coding.

　　Everyone is the first responsible person for his own health. The prevention and control of epidemic situation needs your joint efforts. Here, I also appeal to the general public and friends to understand and support the policies of epidemic situation prevention and control in a responsible attitude towards themselves, their families and friends, actively cooperate with nucleic acid detection, implement classified health management measures, and jointly win this war of prevention and control of epidemic situation. Your cooperation is our greatest support! Thank you all!

　　Zeng Yu:

　　Thank you! Please keep asking questions.

　　　

People’s Daily reporter

　　People’s Daily reporter:

　　In the past two days, the risk area in Jinan District is expanding. How to delimit and control the risk area and how to quickly block the risk of epidemic spread?

　　　

Dong Jingtai

　　Dong Jingtai, the head of Jinan District People’s Government:

　　Thank you for your question. I will answer this question. For the delineation and control of risk areas, we strictly follow the requirements of the ninth edition of the prevention and control plan of the State Council, scientifically judge, timely adjust and continuously optimize according to the trajectory of case activities and the risk of epidemic spread, combined with the guidance of provincial and municipal experts. At present, there are 17 medium-risk areas in our district, involving 41,500 people, and strict control measures such as "people don’t leave the area, taking things at the wrong peak" are implemented. At the same time, arrange district leaders to lead a team to form a special work class, and actively do a good job in life service guarantee and humanistic care in the risk area, so as to achieve strong control and temperature service.

　　In the face of the current epidemic situation, on the basis of doing a good job in the control and service guarantee of key populations in risk areas, we will further improve and implement various epidemic prevention measures, adhere to the principle of "quick word first, quick control, and fully block the risk of epidemic spread. Focus on three tasks:

　　The first is to improve rapid disposal. Further co-ordinate the multi-level forces of cities, districts, towns and streets, and join forces with health, disease control, public security, traffic police, urban management and other teams, and set up a special class of more than 400 people to ensure that key personnel can be locked immediately after receiving information about the epidemic, and quickly implement the work of chasing the sun, such as local control, door-to-door sampling, specimen inspection, detection and tracking, personnel transfer, isolation and disinfection, so as to find out the people involved in the epidemic as quickly as possible.

　　The second is to deepen comprehensive screening. At present, several rounds of regional nucleic acid detection have been carried out in our district. In view of the existing shortcomings, we timely improved measures, rationally optimized the yellow code and green code detection channels, increased on-site order guidance and maintenance, and urged the implementation of protective measures such as wearing masks and one-meter lines, and implemented various convenience service measures. For some people with mobility difficulties, we conducted door-to-door sampling, and for some citizens who failed to participate in nucleic acid detection in time, we accurately pushed SMS reminders to improve the coverage and efficiency of nucleic acid detection.

　　The third is to reduce social risks. In order to further effectively block the risk of epidemic spread, we have shut down hotels, restaurants, scenic spots, religious sites, cinemas, libraries, cultural centers, gymnasiums and other facilities within our jurisdiction, suspended gathering activities, and sent government officials to the front line to deepen the creation of "epidemic-free communities" and strengthen grid prevention and control at the grassroots level. At the same time, strictly implement various urban management control measures, guide the public to leave the banyan tree unnecessarily, and put an end to the risk of spillover.

　　I would like to take this opportunity to sincerely thank the general public and friends for their understanding, support and active cooperation in epidemic prevention and control, and work with us to resolutely win the epidemic prevention and control war and annihilation war! thank you

　　Zeng Yu:

　　That’s all for the on-site Q&A. Thank you for your questions and answers from the publishers. This afternoon’s press conference is over, thank you!

　　"Money is spent today, and tomorrow’s things will be discussed tomorrow?" For this statement, most of Chinese (79.03%) disapproved, but compared with two years ago, the preference for delayed consumption declined slightly. A few days ago, the "Summary Report on Consumer Financial Literacy Survey in 2019" released by the central bank aroused social concern. There is also another set of data that attracts people’s attention: last year, the per capita holding of credit cards and debit-credit cards in China increased by nearly 20%; In the first quarter of this year, the total outstanding credit of credit cards overdue for half a year reached 79.743 billion yuan, nearly 10 times that of nine years ago.

　　Some people think that the decline in delayed consumption preference and the sharp increase in outstanding credit of credit cards mean that Chinese doesn’t like saving money and loves spending money.

　　Experts said that this summary should not be simply made. Compared with other countries, China’s savings rate is still in the forefront. The change of people’s attitude towards saving shows that China’s domestic demand-oriented economic system is gradually being established. However, some people, especially young people, should realize the transformation from "card slave" to "card owner", avoid excessive consumption, and establish correct values and consumption concepts.

　　With sufficient policy support and a good mentality, young people naturally dare to "buy in buy buy"

　　"I don’t save money when I have no income, and I don’t deliberately save money after I have income." Lou Yun, 24, has been working for two years, and every month she puts her salary in Alipay. After paying back the money that should have been paid last month, she will buy regular financial management or fund fixed investment for the rest of the money. In her opinion, if you want to increase your money, you can only earn more, not save more.

　　Nowadays, the number of people who hold similar ideas with Lou Yun is increasing. The "Summary Report on Consumer Financial Literacy Survey in 2019" released by the People’s Bank of China recently shows that when asked about their attitudes towards consumption and savings, although most people (79.03%) hold the view of "not agreeing" or "not agreeing at all" to "spend money today, and talk about things tomorrow", compared with 2017, consumers’ preference for delayed consumption has declined slightly.

　　Delaying consumption means storing some of your belongings and then arranging for consumption at multiple points in the future. Delaying the decline of consumption preference means that some people no longer save money, but spend it immediately. Relevant statistics also show that the savings rate of China residents reached 37.3% at its peak (in 2008), and has declined in recent years.

　　What do you think of this phenomenon? Yang Jun, a professor in the Department of Trade at the School of International Business and Economics of the University of International Business and Economics, said that generally speaking, there are two main reasons for delaying consumption: one is to cope with future expenditures and various uncertainties, and the other is to obtain higher financial benefits. At present, the new generation of consumers in China has gradually become the main body of the labor market, with more emphasis on the individual’s current quality of life. At the same time, with the improvement of living standards and the improvement of social security system, the dividend of tax reduction and fee reduction policy is continuously released, the uncertainty of employment, education and health care in the future is reduced, and people’s overall spending power is improved. In addition, the rapid development of modern finance makes it easier for individuals and families to obtain short-term and medium-and long-term funds to cope with all kinds of urgent expenses, and the cost has dropped significantly.

　　To put it simply, today’s consumers, especially the younger generation, are in a good mood and confident, and naturally dare to "buy in buy buy". Data show that in the first half of this year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in China reached 19.5 trillion yuan, up 8.4% year-on-year. Among them, young people are becoming the main force of consumption. Ant Financial and Fidelity International released the "2018 China Pension Prospect Survey Report", showing that 18— The average monthly savings of 34-year-old young people is 1339 yuan.

　　Liu Ye, who is studying in a university in Beijing, has been saving money since primary school and likes to spend money. She said that on the one hand, saving money is for emergencies, on the other hand, it is to satisfy some small wishes, such as buying something that you are usually reluctant to buy to reward yourself. However, when buying some high-priced products, even if she has the ability to pay directly, she will choose to use Internet consumer credit products for installment payment, which is becoming fashionable among young people. "Consumption is impulsive, so control yourself." Liu Ye has set a consumption red line for this purpose — — It can’t exceed 4,000 yuan per month, because "owing too much money will lead to pressure".

　　“‘ After 95 ’ And ‘ 00 ’ Growing up in the era of affluence and mobile Internet, it is logical to delay the decline of consumption preference when they gradually become the main consumer. " Wang Jun, a member of the Academic Committee of China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said that this phenomenon will increase further in the future as more children grow up.

　　It should be pointed out that the rising house prices for many years, the improvement of residents’ living conditions, and the increase in rigid expenditures such as pension and medical care are also important reasons for delaying the decline in consumption preferences and reducing the household savings rate in recent years. Wang Jun believes that delaying the decline of consumption preference and the decrease of savings rate are two sides of the same coin, because the pursuit of a better life will inevitably lead to the promotion of immediate consumption power and the decrease of savings rate.

　　At the same time, he pointed out that compared with developed countries and developing countries, China’s household savings rate has always been in the forefront of the world, and there has been no cliff-like decline. Of course, due to the gap between China and developed countries in terms of the soundness of social security system, the perfection of financial market and the income level of residents, especially the change of residents’ consumption habits will take a long time, so it is necessary to prepare for risk prevention and relevant policy adjustment.

　　Zhou Xiaochuan, former governor of the People’s Bank of China, believes that the decline in the savings rate has certain benefits, indicating that domestic demand has increased, but we also need to pay attention to the change of the savings rate between generations. Under the background of the development of financial technology, the rapid development of consumer credit will induce the younger generation to spend in advance and borrow money. "This is not only an economic and financial phenomenon, but also a cultural and demographic phenomenon, which may have an important impact."

　　Will "spend tomorrow’s money and buy today’s things" become a consumption trap?

　　Among many forms of consumption, it is worthy of attention to swipe credit cards or use online consumer credit products such as Alipay "Flower Blossom" for early consumption and borrowing consumption. This consumption form of "spending tomorrow’s money and buying today’s things" is very common among some young people.

　　Ren Huan, who is studying for a master’s degree in a university in Beijing, recently made up his mind to shut down an Internet consumer credit product. It turned out that under the induction of this product, he spent up to 45 thousand yuan a month. He said: "It always gives me a credit limit, and when I pay, I use this product by default, which makes me spend money like water."

　　There are more and more credit cards and internet consumer credit products, which leads to a substantial increase in the amount of outstanding credit and pushes up financial risks. According to the "General Situation of Payment System Operation in the First Quarter of 2019" issued by the central bank, as of the end of the first quarter of this year, the total outstanding credit of credit cards overdue for half a year was 79.743 billion yuan. In 2010, nine years ago, this figure was only 8.804 billion yuan. According to statistics, among the nearly 170 million "post-90s", more than 45 million people have opened "flower beds". The phenomenon of credit card "card slave" and "flower slave" began to appear.

　　Wang Jun believes that the rapid growth of credit card issuance by commercial banks and the rapid development of financial technology have also led to a sharp rise in multi-head co-debt and related risks of credit consumer loans such as credit cards, Internet-based credit products, consumer finance loans and cash loans, resulting in an increase in the overdue amount of credit cards. Especially under the macro background of increasing economic downward pressure in recent years, the personal financial situation of some credit card holders has changed greatly, while some commercial banks have excessively pursued commercial interests and failed to grasp these changes in time, resulting in more prominent related problems and risks.

　　The improper marketing methods of some businesses are also adding fuel to the fire. Some advertisements link consumption with status, class, taste, IQ, love, affection and so on, and induce people to over-consume.

　　Generally speaking, reasonable consumption in advance is conducive to changing the traditional phenomenon that the elders accumulate capital and wealth, and the descendants get something for nothing, and it can also effectively expand market demand and promote economic growth. However, unreasonable consumption in advance may go to the opposite side, which will increase economic pressure for individuals and affect their mental health and life stability; For the country and society, it will induce a destructive hedonism and unrealistic waste culture, cause a social "credit crisis" and increase the possibility of economic crisis. Great Depression in the 1930s, 2007— The "subprime mortgage crisis" in 2008 is a lesson from the past.

　　So, will this advanced consumption pattern become a "consumption trap" in China? Many experts and interviewees believe that the key to preventing risks lies in cultivating people to develop good and healthy consumption habits.

　　"In the next 10 years, the total amount of outstanding credit of Chinese residents will increase, but it will remain within a reasonable range." Yang Jun believes that this is because the overall knowledge level of young people is improving and their ability to obtain higher income is increasing; At the same time, the means of risk control in the financial sector will be more advanced.

　　In Ren Huan’s view, marriage will become the threshold for him to save money. He said that saving money after marriage is not simply for enjoying consumption, but for family illness, pension and other expenses. "This reflects the continuation of Chinese’s traditional home-based culture, and there is a kind of cultural resilience behind it."

　　Balance the relationship between savings and consumption from the perspective of life cycle

　　In order to accelerate the transformation of consumption to green, the National Development and Reform Commission and other ten departments issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting Green Consumption three years ago. The opinion puts forward that we should resolutely resist unhealthy trends such as extravagance and pleasure-seeking, vigorously get rid of bad habits such as ostentation and extravagance, resist excessive consumption, change the wrong concept of "paying for yourself and being rich and frugal", and form a social atmosphere of "saving glory and wasting shame". The opinions also put forward specific measures from the aspects of laws and regulations, standard system, identification certification system, economic policy and financial support.

　　Nowadays, more young people are conscious of balancing savings and consumption. "I will decide to spend according to a stable income." For the future consumption view, Liu Ye answered with certainty. She said that she would definitely save money after work, and she felt insecure if she didn’t save money, because Chinese often said, "When money is used, she hates less".

　　However, with the increasing availability of financial services, it is urgent to improve people’s financial literacy. The Summary Report on the Survey of Consumers’ Financial Literacy in 2019 issued by the Central Bank suggests that we should pay attention to the financial literacy of low-income, low-educated, non-employed, old and young groups, carry out appropriate financial education activities in combination with group characteristics, focus on improving consumers’ financial knowledge and skills, and improve consumers’ financial behavior. At the same time, actively respond to the challenges brought by digital technology. For some consumers, digital technology has a lagging effect in promoting financial literacy, so more financial education tools should be developed to adapt to the digital age and demographic changes.

　　"The cultivation of good financial literacy and consumption concept needs to start with school education and start with dolls. This should be the basic quality that every citizen should have." Wang Jun believes that residents should be guided to establish a sustainable consumption concept, live within their means, consume moderately, and arrange and balance the relationship between savings and consumption from the perspective of the whole life cycle.

　　Yang Jun believes that for individuals, it is still necessary to advocate the concept of thrift and reasonable arrangement of various consumption expenditures. For large loans, it is necessary to balance the relationship between future income and current loans, and try to keep the current loan amount within the current discounted value of future reasonable income expectations. The government should promote the integration of financial knowledge into the national education system and improve the financial investment literacy of the people; At the same time, improve the financial supervision system, promote the efficiency of the financial sector, and control social and financial risks.

　　(At the request of the interviewee, fei chang, Zaler Xu, Lou Yun, Liu Ye and Ren Huan mentioned in this article are all pseudonyms. )

　　Consumer said

　　"If you have income, you will definitely save money."

　　Zhang Fei college student female is 23 years old.

　　I can’t save money at present because there is no extra income; However, it will not be consumed in advance. Even if you use Alipay’s "flower garden" loan or make installment payment, you must ensure that you can pay it back now.

　　I will definitely save money when I have income in the future. I haven’t thought about how much to save, but I certainly won’t spend money lavishly. For example, if I earn 20,000 yuan a month, I must save at least 10,000 yuan, regardless of the necessary expenses.

　　What do you save money for? Of course, it is to buy a house, a car, or an emergency. I think saving money is a great source of security, which means stronger risk coping ability and more future choices. Anyway, I dare not be a "moonlight family".

　　"Consumption is better than saving money"

　　Xu Lang graduated for one year, unemployed male, 26 years old.

　　I don’t make money now, and I can’t save money. After making money, you shouldn’t save money at first, so it’s estimated that it’s not enough to spend, but if there is any surplus after spending, won’t the money be saved automatically?

　　I think consumption is still very important. It is better to spend for your own interests than to save money. What do you save money for? I haven’t thought about it, so I’ll save it first.

　　I usually use Alipay "Flower Garden", and I can only use it to advance when I have no money. Now my parents help me repay the loan, so I haven’t thought about the credit limit and repayment ability.

　　(Peng Xunwen, Li Hejun)

WeChat official account, Nov. 10, 2021: The new Patent Law, which came into effect on June 1, 2021, added a dispute resolution mechanism for patents related to drugs applied for registration. In this regard, National Medical Products Administration and China National Intellectual Property Administration issued the Measures for the Implementation of the Early Resolution Mechanism of Drug Patent Disputes (Trial). The Supreme People’s Court also issued the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Civil Cases of Patent Disputes Related to Drugs Applying for Registration, which stipulated the specific contents of the dispute settlement mechanism and determined that the Beijing Intellectual Property Court had centralized jurisdiction over such cases. The civil cases of patent disputes related to drugs applied for registration are commonly referred to as "drug patent link" cases in the industry.

Recently, Beijing Intellectual Property Court accepted the first case of this type after the implementation of the new patent law.

The plaintiff of the case, Sino-foreign Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., claimed that it was the holder of the marketing license of the patented drug "Aidit calcitol soft capsule" and the patentee of the China invention patent with the patent number of 2005800098777.6 and the name of "ED-71 preparation" involved in this drug. The plaintiff found that Wenzhou Haihe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., the defendant, applied to the State Drug Administration for the listing license of generic drugs named "Aidit Calcineol Soft Capsule". The public information of China listed drug patent information registration platform shows that the defendant made a Class 4.2 statement about the generic drug. Therefore, the plaintiff filed a drug patent linking lawsuit with the Beijing Intellectual Property Court in accordance with Article 76 of the new Patent Law, requesting the court to confirm that the generic drug "Aidit calcitol soft capsule" applied for registration by the defendant falls within the patent protection scope of the invention patent No.2005800098777.6 enjoyed by the plaintiff. The Beijing Intellectual Property Court considered that the plaintiff’s lawsuit met the requirements of the prosecution conditions of drug patent link litigation and registered it according to law.

At present, the case is under further investigation.

K-line chart of high-voltage fast charging plate index day (Zhang Dawei drawing)

　　Near the end of the year, a number of investment strategies of brokers in 2024 have been released one after another, making the latest judgments on macroeconomics, market trends and sector allocation in the new year. Institutions generally believe that the macro economy will continue to improve next year, and A shares are expected to usher in valuation repair. However, there are different views among brokers on the judgment of market style.

　　Macroeconomic recovery is expected to continue next year.

　　Looking forward to the economic situation next year, many institutions believe that with the continuous efforts of policies, the domestic macro-economy will continue to improve and market confidence will be boosted.

　　Huaan Securities predicts that the endogenous growth of the domestic economy will be around 4.6% in 2024, and with the help of policies, it is still expected to achieve a GDP growth rate of around 5% throughout the year. The supporting factors mainly come from two aspects: on the one hand, with the endogenous recovery of the economy, consumption gradually stabilizes, which constitutes the basic disk of growth; On the other hand, under the policy guarantee, the investment side continues to exert its strength. One is to issue additional government bonds to support infrastructure investment, and the other is to stabilize real estate investment in affordable housing in urban villages. At the same time, the recovery of exports has driven the manufacturing investment to remain stable.

　　Dong Qi, the macro chief analyst of Guotai Junan Research Institute, believes that it is expected that the economic growth rate will continue to recover in 2024, the rhythm will be high and then low, and the pattern of low inflation will continue. PPI will turn positive in the second quarter, exports will improve relatively, and consumption and investment will remain resilient.

　　According to CITIC Securities, the domestic macro-economy is expected to be steadily restored and its vitality will reappear in 2024. The vitality of domestic micro-subject economy will be restored with the weakening of the US dollar and the strengthening of policies, and the economy will gradually return to the potential medium and high-speed growth level. In 2024, the domestic GDP is expected to increase by 5.1%, which is structurally characterized by "old kinetic energy for stability and new kinetic energy for progress".

　　A shares are expected to usher in valuation repair

　　Since the beginning of this year, affected by multiple internal and external factors, the A-share market has fluctuated obviously. How will the A-share market be interpreted in the new year? Many institutions expect optimism.

　　Zhang Xia, chief analyst of China Merchants Securities Strategy, said that looking forward to next year, the revenue and profit growth of A-share listed companies is expected to maintain a slight upward trend. In terms of funds, the implementation of the previous capital market reform measures will effectively improve the supply and demand of funds, and it is expected that the incremental funds will turn to net inflows in 2024. With the end of the Fed’s interest rate hike cycle and the shift to interest rate cuts and table expansion, the liquidity of the US dollar is expected to improve significantly. It is expected that foreign capital will resume a small net inflow trend in 2024, which will have a positive impact on A shares.

　　"Overall, driven by the above factors, the A-share market will show a volatile upward trend, and the main broad-based index is expected to record a slight increase." Zhang Xia said.

　　Zheshang Securities believes that the state of China’s economic operation is a key factor for the judgment of the general trend in 2024. With the help of the auxiliary description of inventory cycle, combined with the forecast of investment, export and consumption, it is predicted that A shares will show a trend of shock recovery in 2024.

　　CITIC Securities predicts that, from the rhythm point of view, the A-share repair will be more flexible in the first half of 2024, and may fluctuate and differentiate in the second half. It is expected that the New Year’s Eve to the first quarter of next year will be an obvious window to boost market confidence, and the slope of A-share repair will be the largest. With the verification of domestic economic targets and the slope of restoration, the reform of the investment side of the capital market continues to take effect, and the market is expected to continue to repair in the second quarter of next year, and the slope tends to be flat. It is expected that the market structure may begin to differentiate after the A-share valuation has undergone three stages of repair in the second half of next year.

　　What investment opportunities are worthy of attention?

　　Since the beginning of this year, the rotation of A-share theme has been accelerated, and the configuration is more difficult. Which investment direction is worth paying attention to next year, the dominant value style or the dominant growth strategy? In terms of style judgment, brokers have their own opinions, but the pre-judgment growth style is dominant.

　　Caitong Securities believes that the A-share market style is expected to be relatively balanced next year, and the valuation is expected to pick up. It is recommended to pay attention to the Science and Technology 100 Index and the Entrepreneurship 200 Index. Judging from the comparison with the historical bottom area and the characteristics of institutional heavyweights, many indicators of current A shares are at the bottom. Consumption, TMT and many other segments are cost-effective, and next year’s profit and valuation are expected to be Shuang Sheng, and the market is expected to warm up. Combined with multiple factors such as profit margin improvement and policy drive, the growth style of A shares may be relatively dominant next year.

　　Zhang Xia is also optimistic about the performance of growth style next year. He said that under the trend of bottoming out of profits and declining yield of US bonds, A shares may turn to growth style. From the perspective of industry, it is suggested to pay attention to science and technology, medicine and some cyclical stocks, and pay attention to the new energy sector after the second quarter, based on the comprehensive judgment of macro environment, science and technology cycle, supply and demand pattern of production capacity, changes in core driving factors of industry prosperity and market performance in the past two years.

　　Huaan Securities judges that the growth of the A-share market and the market of the consumer sector will alternate next year. Growing the main line of science and technology or leading the annual market, the main line of consumption is expected to follow closely. When the overall growth style is dominant, industries such as electronics and communications are preferred. With the stabilization of the real estate industry and the significant upward consumption of services, the consumption style is expected to gradually dominate.

　　Fang Yi, chief strategist of Guotai Junan Research Institute, believes that the small-cap theme market may cool down in the first half of next year, and the stable style of the large-cap market is expected to prevail. Since the beginning of this year, investors’ risk appetite has tended to be at both ends: small-cap growth stocks have risen, while large-cap blue-chip stocks have fallen. It is expected that the market of small-cap theme stocks with high-risk characteristics may ebb in the next stage, and investment opportunities may turn to large-cap stocks with low-risk characteristics. It is suggested to pay attention to investment opportunities of fixed-income bonds and related products.

　　 From November 8 to 10, 2004, the 4th China Internet Media Forum was held in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. The leaders of the central and provincial media websites, well-known portal websites and IT experts and scholars will deliver keynote speeches at the forum. At 2: 30pm on November 8th, China. com will continue to broadcast live through pictures, texts and videos.

A few days ago, the new car of FAW-Volkswagen Jetta brand-2023 model.Jetta VS7Officially listed. The new car continues to offer 6 models with a price of 105,900-137,900 yuan. As an annual modified model, the appearance and interior of the new car have not changed significantly, mainly for the price, configuration, engine model and other aspects of adjustment.

In terms of power system, the new car is equipped with a 1.4T engine with the model of DLE (supporting the national VI b emission standard), matched with a 5-speed manual gearbox or Aisin 6AT gearbox, with a maximum power of 110KW. (The engine model of the old model is DJS)

The picture is as follows:2023 Jetta VS7 280TSI Automatic Glory Edition

The new car is available in 6 configurations at a price.10.59-137,900 yuan. (The number and name of models are consistent with those of the old models)

Compared with the old model (2022), the price of the new car has increased by 1000-2000 yuan. At the same time, the manual/automatic progressive version model cancels the wireless charging of the mobile phone, the heating of the exterior rearview mirror/electric folding/locking automatic folding; The Yuexiang version has added 360 panoramic images; The Enjoy Edition/Glory Edition also cancelled the CarPlay/CarLife mobile phone interconnection mapping.

In addition, the new car alsoAdded the video screen projection function of car mobile phone and the application platform of small program; The built-in microphone is upgraded to an external dual microphone, etc.

In design, the large-size blackened air intake grille is connected with the headlight group, and chrome-plated decorative strips are added to the outer edge of the grille. In addition, the left and right sides of the front enclosure are also equipped with LED daytime running lights, which, together with the trapezoidal blackened air intake and silver decorative pieces, make the front face of the new car show a good sense of fashion and dynamic atmosphere.

The body dimensions of the new car are:4624*1841*1624mm, with a wheelbase of2730mm, positioning medium-sized SUV.

In addition, the new car also comes standard with 18-inch wheels, and tyre size is:225/50 R18。

At the rear of the car, the rear of the new car continues to use a similar triangular taillight group, and a raised line is also designed on the rear tailgate. In addition, the bottom of the rear enclosure is also dotted with Y-shaped through reflective decorative strips, blackened decorative pieces and silver diffusers, and the exhaust uses a hidden layout.

In the interior design part, the center console area of the new car is equipped with a three-position flat-bottomed steering wheel, a 3.5-inch monochrome screen+mechanical pointer instrument, and a 10-inch central control screen (the manual and automatic entry-level models use an 8-inch central control screen). In addition, the new car also provides manual or automatic air conditioning.

In addition, the new car is also equipped withJ-Link intelligent control interconnection system,Support GPS online navigation, 4G network, voice recognition to control WIFI hotspots and other functions.

In the seat part, the car adopts a five-seat layout, and the entry-level model uses fabric seats, while the middle and high-end models use leather-like seats.

In terms of seat functionality, the entry-level models only support manual adjustment, while the mid-high models support electric adjustment of the main driver’s seat, and the glory models also support front seat heating.

Power unit, 2023 Jetta VS7The 1.4T engine with DLE model (supporting the national VI b emission standard) was replaced, matching the 5-speed manual gearbox or Aisin 6AT gearbox., the maximum power is 110KW(150Ps), the maximum torque is 250N.m, the acceleration at zero speed is 9.8 seconds (manual transmission) /10.2 seconds (automatic transmission), and the comprehensive fuel consumption under WLTC condition is 6.6L (manual transmission) /7.1L (automatic transmission).

　　I. Oil reserves

　　The United States is one of the countries with the largest proven oil reserves in the world. As of January 1, 2004, its proven oil reserves were 22.7 billion barrels, ranking 11th in the world. More than 80% of the country’s reserves are concentrated in four States in the United States: Texas (24%), Alaska (22%), Louisiana (20%) and California (19%). Other oil-producing states include New Mexico, Oklahoma, Wyoming, Kansas, Mississippi and North Dakota. Due to the over-exploitation in the late 1980s and the first half of 1990s, the oil reserves in the United States decreased rapidly. At present, the oil reserves in the United States decreased by about 20% compared with 1990.

　　Second, production

　　The United States is the third largest oil producer in the world after Saudi Arabia and the Russian Federation. According to the statistics of American oil and gas magazine, the American oil output in 2003 was 7.9 million barrels per day, accounting for 9.2% of the world’s total oil output. The output of crude oil is 5.7 million barrels per day, and the rest is natural gas liquid (NGL). At present, the output is the lowest in the past 50 years, which is about 25% lower than the 10.6 million barrels per day in 1985. There are about 500,000 oil producing wells in the United States, but most of them belong to marginal wells. According to statistics in 2003, the main oil producing areas are concentrated in the Gulf of Mexico, Texas land oil fields, the northern slope of Alaska, California, Louisiana land oil fields, Oklahoma and Wyoming. In 2003, the United States drilled 30,151 new oil and gas wells, including 5,694 oil wells, 20,011 natural gas wells and 4,446 dry wells. Compared with 25,536 wells drilled in 2002, it increased by 18%. With the progress and development of geophysical prospecting technology and drilling equipment, the output of deepwater oil fields in the Gulf of Mexico has increased rapidly. At present, the output of deepwater oil fields accounts for two-thirds of the oil production in the Gulf of Mexico in the United States. Because most of the energy resources in the United States are concentrated in the territory of the federal government, and the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas are subject to many restrictions by the federal government, it is difficult to increase oil production significantly. Due to the low return on energy investment, the investment in the oil industry has been greatly reduced since 1980, which has led to the aging of the existing oil supply infrastructure in the United States, such as pipeline transportation and refinery processing, and the serious shortage of production capacity.At the same time, domestic production costs are higher than the international level, and environmental protection requirements are increasingly demanding. As a result, many refineries have been forced to close down. Relevant data show that no new refinery was built in the United States from the late 1980s to the 1990s. The petroleum refining and processing industries in the United States are mainly concentrated in Texas, Louisiana, California, Illinois, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Washington, Ohio and Indiana. According to the statistics of British Petroleum Company (BP), the refining capacity of the United States in 2002 was 16.76 million barrels per day, accounting for about 20% of the world’s total refining capacity of 8,390 barrels per day. At present, the dominant oil companies in the American market are mainly ExxonMobil, Philips Continental, Chevron Texaco, Shell Oil, Frontier Oil, Marathon Oil and other companies. The U.S. Department of Energy predicted in its energy policy article that the oil production in the United States will drop from the current level of 580 barrels per day to 5.1 million barrels per day in 2020, and the Gulf of Mexico will play an important role in the future, and its share in domestic oil production will increase from the current 27% to 40% in 2010.

　　Third, consumption

　　The United States is the largest oil consumer in the world. In 2003, the consumption was 20.071 million barrels per day (equivalent to 914.3 million tons), an increase of 1.9% over the previous year, accounting for 25.1% of the total oil consumption in the world. In the current composition of energy consumption in the United States, oil accounts for 42%, coal accounts for 24%, natural gas accounts for 20%, nuclear energy accounts for 8-,and hydropower, solar energy and wind energy account for 4%. According to the statistics of British Petroleum Company (BP), in the composition of oil consumption in the United States in 2003, transportation oil accounted for about 67.5% of the total oil consumption, industrial oil accounted for about 24.2%, civil oil accounted for about 3.9%, electric oil accounted for about 2.4%, and commercial oil accounted for about 1.9%. After experiencing the oil crisis in the 1970s, the United States began to pay attention to improving energy utilization and saving energy, and the energy intensity continued to decline. At the end of 1990s, the energy required for producing every dollar decreased by 44% compared with that in 1970, and the annual per capita oil consumption decreased from 31 barrels in 1978 to 26 barrels in 2000, a decrease of 20%. On the whole, since 1973, American economy has increased by 126%, while energy consumption has only increased by 30%.

　　In order to improve the energy utilization rate, the federal government formulated the Energy Star program as early as the 1970s, and in the late 1980s, it set energy-saving standards for related industries, such as automobile manufacturing, household appliances and building lighting. Some energy-intensive production units, such as wood processing and papermaking, chemical industry, petrochemical refinery, metal smelting, food processing, ceramics and glass firing, have either adopted new energy-saving technologies or shut down and turned around, reducing the dependence of the economy on energy to some extent. In addition, the adjustment of macroeconomic structure and the rise of non-energy-intensive industries, such as communication and information technology, microelectronics and financial services, have also greatly reduced the energy intensity of the United States.

　　On the other hand, because the transportation industry in the United States accounts for more than 65% of its total oil consumption, the automobile industry in the United States developed rapidly during the period of low oil prices in the 1980s and 1990s, and the vehicle types became larger and larger, especially the fuel-intensive vehicles such as off-road vehicles and sports cars, which were favored by consumers. Therefore, the demand for petroleum products, mainly gasoline, has greatly increased. The US Department of Energy predicts that in the next 20 years, US oil consumption will increase by 33% and natural gas consumption by 50%, and by 2020, US oil consumption will reach 26-27 million barrels per day.

　　Iv. import

　　The United States has been a net energy importer since 1950s. After 1985, its dependence on imported oil increased significantly. In 2003, its import volume increased from 4.3 million barrels per day in the mid-1980s to 12.2 million barrels per day (equivalent to 605.1 million tons), an increase of 7.9% over the previous year, accounting for 62% of its total domestic oil demand and 26.8% of the world’s total imports. Among them, the import volume of crude oil is 9.645 million barrels per day and that of oil products is 2.609 million barrels per day. The main import sources are Canada (2.1 million barrels per day), Saudi Arabia (1.8 million barrels per day), Mexico (1.6 million barrels per day) and Venezuela (1.4 million barrels per day). Among the sources of oil imports in the United States, more than two-fifths of oil imports come from member countries of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. From 1973 to 2000, the dependence of American domestic market on imported oil increased from 35% to 52%, natural gas increased from 5% to 15%, and the proportion of energy imports in its total imports exceeded 10%. In order to meet the increasing domestic oil demand and ensure the safety of energy supply, the United States has formulated a multi-faceted global supply system strategy in its energy policy and implemented a diversified policy of oil and gas import sources. In addition to taking Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and other oil-producing countries in the Middle East as the leading sources of supply, it also makes full use of the convenience of the North American Free Trade Area to consolidate the existing energy production and cooperation with Canada and Mexico.Increase investment in onshore and offshore oil and gas fields in Latin America and Central and South America countries such as Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, etc., and ensure the source of oil supply for the United States in this region. And set up the US-Russia oil and gas working group and the US-Kazakhstan oil and gas and commercial energy working group, increase investment in Aegean and African countries and regions, and make use of technological advantages to carry out deep-sea oil and gas exploration and production in the Atlantic basin between Canada and the Caribbean, Brazil and West Africa.

　　V. Inventory

　　Strategic reserve oil

　　After being hit by the oil embargo imposed by the oil-producing countries in East Arab in the early 1970s, President Carter signed the energy policy and energy-saving law in 1975 and decided to establish a strategic oil reserve. On July 21, 1977, about 412,000 barrels of Saudi light crude oil were injected into the salt cave on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico as the first strategic storage. According to the relevant laws, only when the domestic energy supply or import is blocked, or the oil price rises sharply due to the oil embargo, which may seriously threaten national security or economic operation, can the President of the United States decide and order the use of strategic reserve oil. On November 13, 2001, President George W. Bush announced that the strategic oil reserve would be increased to 700 million barrels. At present, the strategic oil storage capacity of the United States is 727 million barrels. The International Energy Agency requires that the United States’ oil reserves (strategic and non-strategic stocks) should reach 90 days’ import. The maximum withdrawal amount of strategic oil reserves is 4.3 million tons/day, and it takes about 13 days from the withdrawal of stocks to entering the US market. In order to establish strategic oil reserves, the United States has invested a total of 21 billion US dollars, of which 4 billion US dollars are used to purchase oil storage facilities and 17 billion US dollars to purchase reserve oil. The reserve oil will come from 20 countries, of which light crude oil accounts for about one-third of the total reserve oil and two-thirds is heavy crude oil (crude oil with sulfur content above 2%). As of August 24, 2004, the United States had 667 million barrels of strategic reserve oil, which was equivalent to 55 days’ import at that time. Among them, 270 million barrels of light crude oil and 397 million barrels of heavy oil.(In 1985, the strategic stock oil reached the import volume equivalent to 118 days at that time). The main oil storage locations are related states in South America, such as Louisiana and Texas, which are close to the Gulf of Mexico. The strategic reserve oil of the United States has played an important role in stabilizing the international oil market. Since the establishment of the strategic oil reserve, only when Iraq attacked Kuwait in early 1991 and caused the price of the international oil market to rise sharply, according to the allocation quota of the international energy agency, President Bush ordered the Ministry of Energy to use 33.75 million barrels of crude oil when launching the operation desert storm to calm the price rise in the oil market. But in the end, the United States only used 17.3 million barrels, which effectively brought the international oil price down sharply.

　　Commercial petroleum inventory

　　According to api gravity data, by the end of July, 2004, the commercial inventory of crude oil in the United States was 298 million barrels, up by 4.6% over the same period of last year, the inventory of gasoline was 212 million barrels, up by 5.2%, and the inventory of other oil products was 158 million barrels. At the end of July, the national inventory of various oil products (excluding strategic oil reserves) was 959.6 million barrels, a slight increase of 0.2% over a year ago.

　　VI. The Impact of Oil Price Fluctuation on American Economy

　　Since 2003, especially since August this year, the sharp and rapid rise in oil prices has caused the international oil market to fall into panic again. The New York Mercantile Exchange’s September West Texas Intermediate crude oil futures price broke through the psychological defense line of $40 and $45 per barrel in just a few weeks, and reached the $50 mark. Finally, on August 20, it fell back after hitting $49.40. Compared with the beginning of the year, oil prices have increased by about 50%.

　　People in the industry have consistent views on the reasons for the rising oil prices, mainly as follows: 1. Compared with other commodities, the monopoly of oil is still strong. In order to maintain the selling price, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries has been adopting the sales strategy of limiting production and insuring prices in recent years, but the supply has decreased. 2. The international market demand shows a slow growth trend, and the oil import demand of emerging countries, especially China and Indian countries, rises sharply. 3. The geopolitical situation is turbulent, and anti-government forces in Iraq threaten to blow up oil production facilities, kidnap foreign companies as hostages and carry out terrorist activities. The political turmoil caused by Venezuela’s domestic election has affected its oil production and export, and the protracted tax evasion case by KOS Oil Company in Russia has caused market panic. 4. Speculation in the oil futures market has intensified. As soon as traders encounter trouble, they will take the opportunity to speculate, which will contribute to the rise and fall of oil prices. 5. The production capacity of the member countries of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is close to the limit, and their ability to regulate oil supply is declining.

　　As for the possible impact of this oil price on the economy, there are different opinions. As the impact of oil price fluctuation on economy is lagging behind, judging from several oil crises since 1970s, every crisis is always accompanied by high inflation and economic recession. For example, the first oil crisis when the Arab countries imposed an oil embargo led to a serious global recession in 1973-1975, the oil crisis triggered by the Iran-Iraq war in 1979 led to a global recession in 1981-1982, and the oil price shock triggered by the Gulf War plunged the western industrialized countries into a relatively moderate economic recession in 1990-1991. Therefore, some economists believe that this sharp rise in oil prices will inevitably bring considerable negative impact to the world economy. Take the United States as an example. In 2004, its GDP increased by 4.5% in the first quarter, and decreased to 3% in the second quarter. Affected by the oil price shock, many American economists have lowered their economic growth forecasts in the second half of the year, arguing that high oil prices will affect consumer spending, reduce investment, reduce national real income, keep the unemployment rate high, widen the foreign trade deficit, and may lead to inflation. What’s more, it is believed that the American economy may experience stagflation or fall into recession again in 2005. However, some institutions, such as the Federal Reserve Board of the United States, are optimistic that the impact of this oil price shock on the US economy is limited, and it will not lead to a new economic crisis. The reason is that from a macro perspective, there has been no fundamental change in the relationship between supply and demand in the international oil market.The oil supply is sufficient, the demand for oil in the United States has not increased significantly, and it is backed by a considerable oil inventory. More importantly, the tolerance for rising oil prices is greatly enhanced compared with the past, so it can cope with price fluctuations in the international oil market in a short period of time. Once speculation subsides, the oil market will return to its original pattern.

　　The author believes that oil is a strategic scarce resource. Although major oil importing countries have been practicing energy conservation and improving energy utilization for a long time, the status of oil as a major energy source cannot be effectively replaced for a long time to come. With the continuous development of the world economy, especially the rapid economic development of developing countries such as China and India, the demand for oil in the international market is bound to increase. At the same time, the international geopolitical pattern is turbulent, especially the terrorist activities in major oil-producing countries such as the Middle East, which will always be an unstable link in the supply chain of the international oil market. Therefore, in the long run, oil prices will continue to rise with the increase in demand caused by the development of the world economy. The possibility of a sharp rise in oil prices in the short term due to temporary factors and speculation is not ruled out. From the perspective of the United States, as it experienced the oil crisis in the 1970s, it adjusted its macro-energy policy in time, paid attention to the diversification of energy composition, increased the development of natural gas resources, nuclear energy and other alternative energy sources, improved energy utilization rate and focused on energy conservation, diversified import channels, and a huge strategic oil reserve, so its overall resilience to resist the energy shortage crisis was greatly enhanced compared with the past, and short-term oil price fluctuations had relatively little impact on the economy. Therefore, although this oil price shock will definitely affect its economic growth in the second half of 2004, it is estimated that it will not have a reversible impact on its economic activities, and the specific impact will need further close attention.

　　According to the statistics of the U.S. Department of Energy, 48% of the total crude oil consumed in the United States is used to produce gasoline and other fuels. Due to the popularity of multi-purpose vehicles with high horsepower and high fuel consumption, the consumption of gasoline in the United States has increased by 24% since 1990. Since September and November, especially since this year, due to the intensified price fluctuation in the international primary raw material market and domestic natural disasters, especially the hurricane that frequently visited the relevant States in the southern United States last year and this year (which is also the gathering place of many large American oil refineries), the domestic petroleum products in the United States, such as gasoline and heating oil, have shown a tight supply market situation, which has led to. It is estimated that gasoline consumption will increase by 48% over the current level in 2025. Because domestic production is far from meeting the market demand, the proportion of imported gasoline in the total gasoline consumption in the United States has soared from 4% in 1995 to about 10% at present. According to the forecast of the Energy Information Administration, by 2025, the gasoline consumption in the United States will increase from the current 8.9 million barrels per day to 13.3 million barrels per day. By then, gasoline alone will account for half of the crude oil consumption in the United States. At the same time, the proportion of diesel oil, heating oil and aviation fuel oil in the demand for refined oil will also increase greatly. In sharp contrast, since the second half of the 1990s, the domestic refining capacity in the United States has increased by less than 1%.

　　The main reasons for the imbalance between supply and demand in the oil market are:

　　Since the 1970s, due to the persistent surplus of international crude oil market, oil prices have been hovering at a low price for a long time. At this stage, American refineries have maintained a low rate of return and a low rate of return on investment, which greatly inhibited investors from expanding refinery facilities and launching new refineries. In fact, since 1976, the United States has not built a new refinery (just increasing the production scale of existing facilities). At present, the number of oil refineries has decreased by more than half compared with 1981, while gasoline consumption has increased by 45%. According to the statistics of the relevant departments of the US Department of Energy, the number of refineries in the United States has decreased from 324 in 1981 to 148 (including 4 idle ones). These refineries are located in 32 States in the United States, with an overall crude oil processing capacity of 17.12 million barrels per day. In the past ten years, nearly 50 refineries have closed down, and most of the existing enterprises have outdated equipment and various accidents. The reason is mainly attributed to the large-scale reorganization of oil refining enterprises after the two oil crises in the 1970s, such as selling and closing excess production equipment, which led to the reduction of the number of refineries in this industry. In addition to the overcapacity factors that affected the new investment in the oil refining industry in the 1980s and 1990s, various regulations in the United States, such as more stringent environmental laws, clean air laws, relevant regulations on air quality, water quality, waste and automobile exhaust emissions, more additional government licenses and regulations to further reduce the sulfur content in gasoline and diesel, in addition,Refineries also need to produce gasoline and diesel with different standards according to federal standards, state government standards and local government standards, and it takes time to apply for more complicated government licenses. Clean fuel standards (such as the introduction of various environmental protection standards one after another, the increasingly strict emission standards for automobile exhaust, etc.) undoubtedly make refinery production more difficult and new capital investment increase. According to statistics from the United States, in the past 10 years, the refining industry in the United States has invested about $47 billion in environmental protection projects, mainly for producing low-sulfur unleaded gasoline that is more conducive to environmental protection. Under the restriction of internal and external environment, many oil refining enterprises have high input and low output, while some refineries are forced to close down because they cannot adapt to the increasingly fierce industry competition.

　　List of refinery distribution and crude oil processing capacity in the United States

　　Number of refineries by state, among which idle number crude oil processing capacity

　　Idle processing capacity (barrel/day)

　　Delaware 1 175000

　　Georgia 1 1 28000 28000

　　New Jersey 6 1 666000 51000

　　Pennsylvania 5,770,000

　　Virginia 1 58600

　　West Virginia 1 19400

　　Illinois 4 896000

　　Indiana 2 433000

　　Kansas 3 296200

　　Kentucky 2 227500

　　Michigan 1 74000

　　Minnesota 2 335000

　　North Dakota 1 58000

　　Ohio 4 551400

　　Oklahoma 5 484961

　　Tennessee 1,180,000

　　Wisconsin 1 33000

　　Alabama 3 1 130200 16700

　　Arkansas 2 76800

　　Louisiana 17 2772723

　　Mississippi 4 364800

　　New Mexico 3 112600

　　Texas 26 1 4628491 880

　　Colorado 2 87000

　　Montana 4 181200

　　Utah 5 167350

　　Wyoming 5,152,000

　　Alaska 6 373500

　　California 21 2026788

　　Hawaii 2 147500

　　Nevada 1 1707

　　Oregon 1 0

　　Washington 5 616150

　　The United States totals 148 4 17124870 118580.

　　Puerto Rico 2 1 109500 42000

　　Virgin Islands 1,495,000

　　As can be seen from the above table, refineries in the United States are mainly concentrated in Texas, California and Louisiana. The above three States account for 43.2% of the total number of refineries in the United States, and the crude oil refining capacity accounts for 55.1% of the United States. Texas alone accounts for 17.6% and 27.0% of the total in the United States.

　　Geographically, refineries in the United States are mainly concentrated in Texas and Louisiana near the Gulf of Mexico in the southern United States.

　　About 25% of the existing refinery production capacity in the United States is controlled by foreign enterprises. Mainly operated by large petrochemical multinational companies, such as BP, Shell Chemical Company, Dow Chemical Company, ExxonMobil Company, Texaco Company, Continental Philips Company, Chevron Company, Marathon Schlander Company, Citgo Petroleum Corp., Motiva Enterprises LLC, Murphy Oil USA Inc., Valero, Total Petrochemical Inc.,

　　Western refining co., chalmette refining LLC., premcor refining group Inc., etc.

　　Since the beginning of the 21st century, due to the turbulent world political situation and increasing demand, the price of international crude oil market has been rising, which has led to an increase in market demand for oil products. Although refineries are operating at full capacity, the demand is still in short supply. At the same time, due to the aging equipment of many refineries, accidents continue (for example, BP’s refinery in Texas suffered two accidents, including the explosion in the first half of 2005, which caused dozens of casualties and heavy losses), and the shutdown of refineries along the Mexican coast caused by two hurricanes in August and September 2005, as well as speculation in the international oil futures market, which further aggravated the shortage of oil products in the US oil market, and the prices of motor gasoline and diesel oil soared.

　　The Impact of Hurricane Katrina and Rita on American Petroleum Refining Industry

　　In late August and late September, 2005, two successive hurricanes Katrina and Rita swept through the Gulf of Mexico, which not only brought serious casualties and huge property losses to Louisiana and eastern Texas, but also caused heavy losses to the oil refining industry in the United States.

　　According to the statistics of the US Department of Energy, the oil production in the Gulf of Mexico is 1.5 million barrels per day (equivalent to 75 million tons), which is one of the important oil producing areas in the United States. There are dozens of large refineries of multinational oil companies in Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi near the Gulf of Mexico. For example, there are 17 refineries along the Mexican coast in Texas, including 10 refineries in Houston, with a daily refining capacity of 2.3 million barrels of crude oil, accounting for 13% of the total refining capacity in the United States. There are four refineries in Beaumont and port arthur, with a daily processing capacity of 1.1 million barrels of crude oil, accounting for 7% of the total refining capacity in the United States. Exxon Mobil (ExxonMobil) has 348,500 barrels per day, Motiva (Shell) has 285,000 barrels per day, Total has 233,500 barrels per day, and Valero has 255,000 barrels per day (according to the statistics of the US Department of Energy on January 1, 2005). There are three refineries in Christie, Kobos, with a daily processing capacity of 586,000 barrels of crude oil, accounting for 3% of the total refining capacity in the United States. The three refineries in Lake Charles, Louisiana, which were severely hit by this hurricane, were completely shut down. They were Citgo, with a refining capacity of 324,300 barrels per day, ConocoPhillips, 239,400 barrels per day and Calcasleu, with a refining capacity of 30,000 barrels per day.

　　Affected by the hurricane, the production capacity of about 3.5 million barrels per day (equivalent to 20% of the country’s total refining capacity) was temporarily closed. Among them, the refineries in Port Arthur in eastern Texas and Lake Charles in Louisiana suffered from wind disaster or power failure, and the refining capacity of 1.7 million barrels of crude oil per day completely stopped (accounting for about 10% of the national total refining capacity). And thus triggered a sharp rise in the retail price of gasoline in the southern region.

　　Crude oil production and refinery processing capacity in the Gulf of Mexico in the United States

　　(Figures as of August 2005)

　　Proven reserves of Zhoubie crude oil

　　(Million barrels) Ranks crude oil output in the United States.

　　(1,000 barrels per day) Ranks the number of refineries in the United States and ranks the processing capacity of refineries in the United States.

　　(million barrels) market share in the United States

　　USA 148 1712.49

　　Texas 4583 2 1073 2 26 1 4.6 26

　　Louisiana 452 8 228 5 17 2.8

　　Alabama 52 19 20 16 3 0.114

　　Mississippi 169 14 47 13 4 0.365

　　Georgia nothing 1 0.028

　　Florida 68 17 8 20 0 0

　　Oklahoma 588 6 171 7 5 0.485

　　Arkansas 50 20 18 17 2 0.077

　　Subtotal 5962 1565 58.469

　　Source: Energy Information Administration of the US Department of Energy, Census Bureau and National Petroleum News "Market Information in 2004".

　　As can be seen from the data in the above table, the Gulf of Mexico in South America occupies a considerable share in the US energy market in terms of crude oil production, refinery quantity and processing capacity, and also has a certain impact on domestic and even international oil prices.

　　After learning from a painful experience, the US government decided to review the existing oil refining industry mechanism in the United States to find out whether there is monopoly and price manipulation in the industry after consumers were hit by the recent sharp rise in oil prices and complained. To this end, the CEOs of Exxon Oil Company, Shell Oil Company, BP America Company, Continental Oil Company and Chevron Company, which account for 42% of the national oil refining capacity, were invited to attend the Senate hearing to explain why they made profits as high as $32.8 billion in a quarter from June to September 2005.

　　In order to cope with the increasing demand for oil products and reduce price fluctuations, members of the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States have proposed new refinery expansion bills, and some have proposed to build new refineries in areas where the unemployment rate is 20% higher than the national average. This will not only achieve the purpose of building refineries, but also increase employment. Some suggest giving preferential tax treatment or tax exemption to attract investors, and some suggest using abandoned military bases as the site of new refineries, which can cause less opposition from nearby residents. However, judging from the current actual situation, a substantial increase in the supply of domestic oil products in the United States can not be achieved overnight. Although the oil supply can be increased to a certain extent by restructuring the refining industry again, combining and expanding existing refineries, improving production processes and processes, even those refineries that have not yet reached full production are limited in their production capacity. The fundamental way to solve the problem is to build a new refinery, but it is expected to face great resistance. The first is the site selection. Many people will agree to build the refinery, a potential pollution source and a "time bomb", in their own backyard. Secondly, it is complicated and time-consuming to apply for relevant permits and obtain approval from competent authorities at all levels. The most important thing is to build a new refinery with large investment, low average profit level and long payback period. The investment in building a new refinery is usually as high as several billion dollars, and even a small refinery needs about one billion dollars.However, the sharp fluctuation of the international oil market price has increased many uncertainties in predicting the investment recovery period and return rate of refineries, which has inhibited the investment desire of potential investors. There is also a recognized view that due to the continuous integration and merger of the oil industry in the past few decades, most small companies with little capital and weak technical strength have been washed out or merged. At present, most of the companies operating in the market are multinational companies, and the market participants in this industry are relatively few, and the competition is not as fierce as other industries. In other words, the monopoly is strong. The rise in oil prices has been expected by these companies for many years, so they will never give up this opportunity to make a lot of money. Building a new refinery will undoubtedly increase competitors and reduce the average profit rate, so there is little interest in these current vested companies.　　

Editor: Wang Yuxi

　　CCTV News:Recently, the Protection Administration of Old Town of Lijiang, Yunnan Province issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Access and Exit of Market Operation Projects in Dayan Ancient City of Lijiang, which came into effect on April 1, 2019 and was valid until March 31, 2022. The method clarifies the Negative List of Business Projects in Old Town of Lijiang, which is divided into two categories: restricted access category and prohibited access category (timely adjustment).

　　There are seven categories of restricted access projects that are not allowed to operate, including catering, tambourines, bars, jewelry, jade, jade, beeswax, amber, farmers’ markets, tea bars, cosmetics and so on. Prohibited access categories include open-flame barbecue, dance halls, Internet cafes, digital products, sauna massage, beauty salons, modern clothing sales and other 16 categories.

　　CCTV reporter learned from Old Town of Lijiang Protection Administration that the business projects discouraged in the measures will be strictly controlled and will not be approved in principle. Operators who have already obtained the Access Certificate for World Cultural Heritage Old Town of Lijiang Business Projects or the Permit for Old Town of Lijiang Business in Scenic Areas will gradually reduce their scale and quantity according to regulations, and gradually guide them to switch to business. For the business projects prohibited in the measures, if they have existed before the implementation of these measures but have not been transferred to the business in time, the ancient city protection and management institutions and relevant industry departments will jointly guide them to transfer to the business or withdraw from the business in the ancient city.

　　The measures also pointed out that operators engaged in business activities in the area of Dayan Ancient City in Lijiang are strictly prohibited from taking unfair means to compete for tourists and soliciting customers, slaughtering customers, bullying customers and other illegal acts that disrupt the tourism order and business order of the ancient city. In addition, this method also clarifies the decoration style of business premises in the ancient city, including that the pattern and style of shops must follow the basic form of traditional commercial shops in Old Town of Lijiang, and the traditional architectural style must not be destroyed when the original dwellings are repaired.

　　(CCTV reporter Jiang Houbo Qin Fen)