Cctv news: On July 14th, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security released the adjustment plan of relevant social security treatment standards in 2022. According to the national requirements, since January 1, 2022, Beijing has continued to adjust the basic pension for retirees of enterprises, institutions and institutions (including retired and retired personnel).

This year’s adjustment will continue to be carried out in accordance with the combination of quota adjustment, linked adjustment and appropriate inclination, and continue to maintain the adjustment method of increasing inclination to retirees with early retirement time, continuous service and long payment period, so that they can enjoy the fruits of social development more.

This adjustment is aimed at retirees who have gone through retirement formalities before December 31, 2021 (inclusive). It is estimated that more than 3.18 million retirees from enterprises, institutions and institutions will be benefited, and pensions will be reissued from January this year, of which enterprise retirees and reissued pensions will be paid in place on July 15. The specific adjustment measures are as follows:

(A) the quota adjustment of basic pension

For each retiree, 36 yuan will be increased each month.

(B) linked to adjust the basic pension

1. Linked to the payment period

This year, we will continue to implement the method of generally increasing the basic pension linked to the payment period. Among them, for retirees who have paid for 10 years or more, the 3 yuan will be increased every month for every 1 year; For the remaining months less than the whole year, the monthly increase is 0.25 yuan. If the payment period is less than 10 years (excluding retirees who transfer from land acquisition to work), the 30 yuan will be increased per person per month; Retirees whose payment period is less than 15 years will receive an increase of 45 yuan per person per month.

2. Linked to the pension level

According to the monthly basic pension level of retirees before the end of 2021, the per capita disposable income level of residents in this city in 2021 (6250 yuan) is used as the baseline to divide into two grades, and each person with more than 6250 yuan will increase 20 yuan per month, and each person with less than 6250 yuan will increase 50 yuan per month.

At the same time, in order to give consideration to fairness, for retirees whose monthly pension level was above 6,250 yuan before adjustment, if it is still below 6,300 yuan after adjustment linked to the pension level, it will be replenished to 6,300 yuan. [See Chart 1]

Chart 1

For example: Uncle Wang, 64 years old, with a payment period of 37 years and a basic pension of 6,255 yuan/month. According to the corresponding standards, 20 yuan should be raised to 6275 yuan when added to the original pension. However, in December 2021, when people with pensions below 6,250 yuan rose to 50 yuan, some people would reach 6,300 yuan (6,250+50), which was higher than Uncle Wang’s 6,275 yuan. Therefore, Uncle Wang was given a higher 25 yuan to make him reach 6,300 yuan. In the adjustment linked to the pension level, Uncle Wang actually increased 45 yuan every month.

This year’s adjustment, Uncle Wang increased by 192 yuan per month, and the basic pension after adjustment was 6447 yuan/month.

(3) Appropriate tilt to senior retirees

For retirees who retire early and are older, in order to further improve their basic living standards, we will continue to give preferential treatment to senior retirees this year. For senior retirees who have reached the age of 65 or above before December 31, 2021, after adjustment according to the above measures, they will once again enjoy the preferential policy of four grades from 40 yuan to 70 yuan. That is, retirees aged 65 to 69 will increase their 40 yuan every month; 70 to 74 years old, each person will increase 50 yuan every month; Each person aged 75 to 79 will add 60 yuan every month; 70 yuan will be increased every month for each person over 80 years old.

On this basis, for retirees over 65 who have paid for 30 years, the 5 yuan will be increased every month, so as to reflect the further preference for retirees with early retirement time, continuous service and long payment period. [See Chart 2]

Chart 2

For example: Aunt Zhao, 68 years old, with a payment period of 33 years, has a basic pension of 4,500 yuan/month.

This year’s adjustment, Aunt Zhao added a total of 230 yuan every month, and the basic pension after adjustment was 4,730 yuan/month.

For example: Uncle Liu, 80 years old, with a payment period of 40 years and a basic pension of 5,700 yuan/month.

This year’s adjustment, Uncle Liu increased by 281 yuan per month, and the basic pension after adjustment was 5981 yuan/month.

(D) Two special adjustment methods

First, continue to adjust the retirement benefits of old workers who participated in revolutionary work before the founding of the people’s Republic of China. This adjustment will still be made according to the previous year’s method, that is, those who participated in the revolutionary work from July 7, 1937 to September 2, 1945 will receive an increase of 335 yuan per person per month; Those who took part in revolutionary work from September 3, 1945 to September 30, 1949 received an increase of 305 yuan per person per month. On the basis of the adjustment of the above two standards, they also enjoy the preferential policy for senior retirees. This adjustment will generally increase by 375 yuan/month to 405 yuan/month.

The second is to ensure that the retired military cadres of enterprises and the former industrial and commercial personnel are not lower than the average pension level of enterprise retirees in the city after adjustment. After increasing the basic pension according to the quota and payment period and increasing the basic pension according to the absolute amount, if the basic pension of enterprise retired military cadres and former industrial and commercial workers is lower than the adjusted average pension level of enterprise retirees in the city, it will be replenished to the average level. At the same time, senior retirees who have reached the age of 65 or above before December 31, 2021 (inclusive) also enjoy the preferential policy for senior retirees.

The pensions adjusted by the retirees before December 31, 2021 (inclusive) of the municipal institutions and institutions will also be paid in place before the end of July.

　　Today (June 7) morning, the 2021 national college entrance examination language ended.

　　The topic of composition is the focus of Chinese exams over the years. This year, there are 8 sets of papers in the national college entrance examination language, and 4 sets are ordered by the examination center of the Ministry of Education, namelyNational Volume A, National Volume B, New College Entrance Examination Volume I and New College Entrance Examination Volume II, and 4 sets of autonomous systems in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Zhejiang.

　　At present, this year’s college entrance examination composition topic has been hot. What are the topics? Come and see ↓ ↓

　　National jiajuan

　　Test content:

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) has gone through a hundred years. Revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture nurtured in the great struggle led by the party’s unity have been deeply integrated into our blood and soul. We have celebrated festivals such as May 4th, July 1st, August 1st and November 11th, sang songs such as March of the Volunteers’s "No communist party, No New China", read works such as Serving the People, Spring Snow in Qinyuan, Lotus Lake and Red Rock, admired revolutionary martyrs such as Li Dazhao, Xia Minghan, Fang Zhimin and Yang Jingyu, and learned from Lei Feng. There is sunshine in our hearts and strength under our feet. Our future will be integrated into the new journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and we are in a promising era … …

　　Please write an article with the theme of "what can be done and what can be done" in combination with the materials.

　　Requirements: select the right angle, determine the concept, clarify the style, and draw up the title; Do not copy or copy; Do not disclose personal information; Not less than 800 words.

　　National volume b

　　Test content:

　　Read the following materials and write as required. (60 points)

　　The ancients often used metaphors to illustrate the pursuit of ideals, involving foundations, methods, paths, goals and their relationships. For example, in the Han Dynasty, Yang Xiong used archery as a metaphor. He said, "Cultivate one’s morality as a bow, correct one’s thinking as a vector, establish one’s righteousness as a thought, make a drink and then make a hair, and your hair will surely hit the target." The general idea is that as long as we constantly strengthen our self-cultivation, correct our thinking, take "righteousness" as a definite goal, and then put it into action, we can realize our ideals.

　　The above materials can give inspiration to the contemporary youth who pursue their ideals. Please write an article in combination with your thoughts on their own development.

　　Requirements: select the right angle, determine the concept, clarify the style, and draw up the title; Do not copy or copy; Do not disclose personal information; Not less than 800 words.

　　National New College Entrance Examination Volume I

　　Test content:

　　Read the following materials and write as required. (60 points)

　　In April, 1917, Mao Zedong published the article "Research on Sports" in New Youth, in which he pointed out that the human body will change every day when it comes to "the effect of sports". If the eyes are unclear, you can see clearly, but if the ears are not clever, you can be clever. If the strong are born and abuse their strength, even if they are strong, they may eventually become weak; If the weak exercise diligently, they will gain what they can’t, and they will become stronger over time. Therefore, "the strong need not be complacent when they are born, and the weak need not feel sorry for themselves when they are born." I was born weak, or the lure of heaven made me strong, and I don’t know. "

　　The above discussion is instructive. Please write an article combining the materials to reflect your feelings and thoughts.

　　Requirements: select the right angle, determine the concept, clarify the style, and draw up the title; Do not copy or copy; Do not disclose personal information; Not less than 800 words.

　　National New College Entrance Examination Volume Ⅱ

　　Test content:

　　Read the following materials and write as required. (60 points)

　　 (Tang Guangyu’s comic works, with changes)

　　[Note] Red tracing: Use a brush dipped in ink to trace and write on the red mold.

　　Please write an article to reflect your understanding and evaluation, identification and choice, and reflect the thinking of young people in the new era.

　　Requirements: choose a good angle, determine the concept, clarify the style, and draw up the title yourself; Do not copy or copy; Do not disclose personal information; Not less than 800 words.

　　Beijing volume

　　Test content:

　　Choose one of the following two questions and answer as required. No less than 700 words. Copy the questions on the answer sheet.

　　(1) Everyone lives in a specific era, and everyone’s life path in a specific era is different. At the same time, some people lament that life is ill-timed, some people just want to be quiet at any time, and some people deeply feel that life is at the right time and time waits for no one … …

　　Please write an argumentative essay on the topic of "On Being Born at the Right Time".

　　Requirements: the argument is clear, the argument is substantial and the argument is reasonable; Fluent language and clear writing.

　　(2) The melons are ripe and full of wings, which is the mature appearance of plants, birds and beasts; But for us, real maturity does not just mean the growth of the body … …

　　Please write a narrative on the topic of "This is the mature appearance".

　　Requirements: mental health; The content is substantial and detailed; Fluent language and clear writing.

　　Tianjin Juan

　　Test content:

　　Read the following materials and write as required. (60 points)

　　If time is a one-way street, then the memorial day is the most eye-catching road sign on both sides of the road, which tells us how to get from yesterday to today. Time never stops, and the anniversary will not disappear. Remembering it can make simple numbers on the calendar become heavy footnotes of the years, and it also constantly reminds us to rush forward with our initial heart.

　　How do you understand and feel about this passage? Please write an article based on your own experience.

　　Requirements:

　　(1) choose your own angle and make your own title;

　　② The style is not limited (except poetry), with obvious stylistic features;

　　(3) not less than 800 words;

　　(4) shall not be copied, not interplanting.

　　Gaokao Examination Paper for Shanghai

　　Test content:

　　Some people say that after the precipitation of time, the value of things can be recognized by people; Others think that this is not the case. What do you think? Please write an article and talk about your thoughts.

　　Requirements: (1) self-made topics; (2) Not less than 800 words.

　　Zhejiang Juan

　　Test content:

　　Some people regard gains and losses as the end point, some people regard them as the starting point, and some people regard them as the process.

　　How do you experience and think about this? Write an article and talk about your own views.

　　[Note] ① The angle is self-selected, the idea is self-determined, and the topic is self-drawn. (2) clear style, shall not be written as poetry. ③ No less than 800 words. (4) shall not be copied, interplanting.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader mentioned "China Wisdom" three times in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. It is not only affirmed that the excellent traditional Chinese ideological system contains rich historical wisdom, intellectual wisdom and wisdom of governing the country, but also attached great importance to the contemporary significance of China’s wisdom, and emphasized that the realization of the Chinese dream "needs to make full use of the great wisdom accumulated by the Chinese nation for more than 5,000 years" and that it is necessary to "embody China’s wisdom" and "contribute China’s wisdom" in promoting global and human development. What is China Wisdom? China’s wisdom is a series of ideas and strategic strategies formed by the Chinese nation through its profound understanding and effective application of the natural way of heaven and earth, the way of historical chaos control and the way of political reason for thousands of years, which embodies the lofty survival ideal, wise survival strategy and superb survival strategy of the Chinese nation. China’s wisdom has provided the golden key to the survival and development of China and mankind, and today’s China and the world still need China’s wisdom. China’s wisdom is a profound system with five basic characteristics.

　　China’s wisdom is a kind of living wisdom, which embodies the excellent civilization of Chinese civilization. China’s wisdom is a kind of survival and development wisdom. However, it is not an individual’s survival skill and development strategy, but emphasizes the integration of heaven, earth, man and everything. "Yi" says that "the greatness of heaven and earth means life" and "life means easy", and heaven and earth have the nature of "great life" and "wide production". The most fundamental virtue or essence of heaven and earth lies in nurturing all things. What is the mission and responsibility of that person? The fundamental goal that human beings should pursue and exercise is to "cultivate heaven and earth", that is, to promote the prosperity and development of all things and mankind. The living, vertically, is the sustainable "big life" from generation to generation; Horizontal is the sharing of all life. Here, the survival wisdom highlighted by "living" not only attaches importance to realistic development, but also emphasizes integrated development, which embodies the feelings of Chinese culture and the Chinese nation, such as caring for people and things, cultivating people, caring for people and things, and caring for morality. The great strategy of building a community of human destiny, which General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized many times in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, is full of this life wisdom. His foreign policy of "developing together is the real development, and sustainable development is the good development" and "being good neighbors and partners, being good neighbors, being safe and rich neighbors, and highlighting the concept of pro-,sincerity, benefit and tolerance" reflects this wisdom. Obviously, when the core of civilization lies in transcending the savage survival law of the jungle, China’s wisdom of "living" pursues the integrated prosperity and development of the community of human destiny, which obviously embodies the true characteristics of human civilization.

　　China’s wisdom is a kind of neutralization wisdom, which embodies the scientific truth of Chinese civilization. "The Doctrine of the Mean" says: "China is also the foundation of the world, and harmony is also the way of the world. To neutrality, the status of heaven, and everything. " The reason why China’s wisdom is wisdom is that it conforms to the fundamental law of the development of the universe, and correctly embodies the "big foundation" and "reaching the Tao" of the universe. In the middle, it is impartial and without fault, that is, things have the best structure and the best quantitative proportional relationship; Harmony, harmony without difference, harmony with reality, that is, diverse things are in the best balanced and synergistic relationship. Obviously, everything can have the best structure and the best quantity proportion relationship, and be in the best diversity, unity and synergy relationship, which will inevitably achieve the best survival and development. Because of this, the way of neutralization has become an important principle to guide people’s practical activities. People follow the way of neutralization and make their behavior just right. This is regarded by Confucius as the highest survival wisdom, that is, "supreme virtue." Neutralization wisdom endows the Chinese nation with the values of pursuing harmony, peace, harmony and harmony, and a thinking mode that is good at overall situation, systematicness, balance and coordination. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "the essence of our Chinese traditional culture lies in this great harmonious thought". The new development concept put forward by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader and the international advocacy of peaceful development, win-win cooperation, joint construction and win-win sharing are exactly the inheritance and promotion of this highest neutralization wisdom in China.
　　China’s wisdom is a kind of governance wisdom, which embodies the world value of Chinese civilization. China’s wisdom is valued by the world today because it can provide important enlightenment for global governance, and because China’s wisdom is fundamentally a kind of governance wisdom of "ruling the country and leveling the world". The way of sage in ancient China is essentially the way of governance or the way to governance. Yao Shunyu taught and received the way to govern the world, and hundred schools of thought in the pre-Qin period also discussed it with "governance" as the core theme. For example, Sima Qian said, "Fu Yin Yang Jia, Confucianism, Mohism, famous artists, Legalists and Taoists are also responsible for governing." "Doing business for the rule" reveals the essential mission of China’s wisdom to rule the world. Therefore, China’s ancient sage wisdom and hundred schools of thought’s wisdom are both embodied as a kind of governance wisdom. For example, the above-mentioned way of neutralization is the key to governance, and "ruling the world with neutralization" has become the fundamental way to govern the country and the highest governance wisdom. The other schools have their own unique basic governance thoughts, such as Taoism’s thought of ruling by doing nothing, Confucianism’s thought of ruling by virtue of three cardinal guides and five permanents, Mohism’s thought of loving and not attacking, Shang Tong and Shang Xian’s thought of legalism’s thought of enriching Qiang Bing and ruling by law, Yin and Yang’s thought of "five virtues shifting, governing by each suit", and so on, including the combination of etiquette and law, virtue dominating punishment and Wang Ba’s use in real governance. today，These rich governance wisdom can provide valuable ideological resources for contemporary the Communist Party of China (CPC) people to govern the country and participate in global governance. When presiding over the 18th collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized "the need to actively summarize the exploration and wisdom of governing the country in ancient China", and specifically listed and analyzed a series of wisdom of governing the country in ancient China, affirming that these wisdom has "important enlightenment" and "useful reference".
　　China’s wisdom is a kind of people-oriented wisdom, which embodies the progressive nature of Chinese civilization. China’s wisdom is born and governed by the people all over the world. As Wang Yangming said, "With the heart of loving the people, there is a policy of loving the people". People-oriented has become the basic ruling idea and governance wisdom of rulers in past dynasties. All governance revolves around people’s hearts, public opinion and people’s livelihood. "Taking the people’s heart as the heart", "benefiting the people of the world" and "serving the people" are the starting points of governance, but how and why "taking the people’s heart as the heart"? First of all, conforming to the people’s heart is the primary foundation of governance, and it is a basic ruling law that those who win the people’s heart win the world and those who lose it lose the world.

As Mencius said, "People who are happy with the people are also happy, and those who are worried about the people are also worried about their worries. They are happy with the world and worry about the world, but they are not kings, and they have nothing." Secondly, respecting public opinion is the basic way to govern. China’s ancient governance wisdom attached great importance to the basis of public opinion, emphasizing that "only what the people want is obedient, but what the people want is obedient". In order to comply with public opinion, we should pay attention to understanding the actual feelings of the people from many aspects, including field research and visits, as well as setting up "list trees" and "township schools" to collect and listen to people’s opinions and suggestions, all around solving the practical problems of the people. Finally, improving people’s livelihood is the final destination of governance. The important embodiment of China’s ancient governance wisdom is that governance aims at improving people’s lives and solving people’s livelihood. The Book of Changes records many saints such as Fuxi, Emperor, Yao Shunyu, etc. The purpose of governing the world wholeheartedly is to improve people’s livelihood: "to make the country prosperous, to make the people peaceful", "to make the country harmonious" and "to make the country rich and to raise the people". The frequent occurrence of the words "benefiting the people", "loving the people", "benefiting the people" and "nurturing the people" in the classic history books of past dynasties all indicate that the ancient governance of China is essentially a kind of people-oriented wisdom. It can be said that the people-centered development thought is to carry forward and sublimate the people-oriented wisdom of the Chinese nation.

　　China’s wisdom is a new wisdom, which embodies the pragmatism and innovation of Chinese civilization. The Chinese nation has survived for thousands of years, and the Chinese civilization has continued for thousands of years. Its unique and tenacious vitality and development force stems from the unique and ever-changing wisdom of China in Chinese culture. Chinese culture emphasizes self-improvement and innovation, and the Chinese nation has indomitable enterprising spirit and indomitable spirit of struggle. The wisdom of survival is fully reflected in "Being innovative, being innovative, and being innovative again" as stated in "University" and "A gentleman strives for self-improvement" as advocated in "Yi". Chinese culture emphasizes seeking truth from facts and seeking truth from facts. For example, Zhang Jiucheng, a thinker in the Song Dynasty, advocated "being pragmatic and useful". For example, Huang Zongxi advocated "teaching people to pay attention to things, step by step, and what they say will be feasible enough to get things done." It has become an excellent character of the Chinese nation not to talk empty talk and apply what is learned. And emphasizing pragmatism and practicality will inevitably attach importance to flexibility and innovation. Because the objective world is constantly changing and everything is constantly developing, people’s behavior must also change and develop accordingly, and this concept constitutes the Chinese spirit and China wisdom represented by Yi. According to Yi, the essence of everything in the world lies in "no change, no circulation, and six vacuities", so people’s correct attitude towards life is "adapting to change", "adapting to change" and "walking with the times". Obviously, it is essentially a kind of survival wisdom of active adaptation and creative adaptation, and this kind of China wisdom endows the Chinese nation with eternal vitality. Today, this ever-changing China wisdom,It is becoming the soul of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s modernization, and the wisdom of "Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era" put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary in the report of the 19th National Congress, as well as a series of strategic arrangements and basic strategies are all shining.

　　These are the basic characteristics of China’s wisdom, and they can also be regarded as the most fundamental and core wisdom of China. These China’s wisdom will surely play a great role in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and building a community of human destiny. We must make good use of China’s wisdom.

　　(The author is a professor at the Party School of Zhejiang Provincial Committee)

　　CCTV News:The rapid development of information technology makes it easier for people to acquire knowledge. How can we turn "intelligence" into "wisdom" in future education? What are the unique experiences and feelings of Long Yongtu and Bai Yansong? Let’s look at what they said in the column "On Tao".

　　Apply what you have learned and master the method.

　　Long Yongtu: I came from an English major. At that time, I studied English at Guizhou University. I studied English for four years and never heard a real foreigner speak. So after I was assigned to Beijing, I didn’t even believe that foreigners could understand my foreign words. So when I first came to Beijing, I went to the Forbidden City. At that time, there were two old ladies and an old British lady who also visited the Forbidden City. As soon as I heard the English spoken by these two old ladies, I completely understood it. I felt that this English was not learned in vain.

　　Later, when the two old ladies visited an exhibition, one was the crown worn by the emperor and the other was the crown worn by the queen. The two old ladies began to argue about which one was worn by the emperor and which one was worn by the queen. Then I go up and speak in English. I want to show my English for the first time to see if they can understand. I told you this was the emperor’s and this was the queen’s. When the old lady heard this, because there were few English speakers in Chinese at that time, they looked at me with special respect, and what made me most happy was that I verified for the first time that my English foreigners could understand.

　　Therefore, I think this era is developing rapidly. In terms of learning knowledge, as long as your methods are correct, you can learn at the same starting line as children in big cities in Beijing and Shanghai, but the premise is that you must work hard, the premise is that you must really study, and the premise is that you must apply all conditions to learn knowledge well.

　　Benefit from a lifetime experience

　　Bai Yansong: I take 11 graduate students in journalism every year. At first, I just wanted to teach them majors, because there will be a lot of them in the school, and I will teach them more from the perspective of actual combat. But then slowly, it has become how to talk more about history on the one hand, and human nature on the other, and finally make it a more comprehensive person, so the major is not as much as before, but it may be more helpful for them to do it in the future, because everything needs support. Just like children’s coming to see the best education is delayed, I like this sentence very much. What does it mean?

　　The education they get today is not realized immediately today, but may be revealed to them several years later. For example, for these children, seeing the sea today may just be an impulse in their eyes. But many years later, compared with other students in their school who didn’t watch the sea, he might be more confident, more atmospheric, and more willing to speak, instead of hiding in the side shyly. At that time, you realized that the sea-watching a few years ago, although it was only less than a week, actually appeared in them a few years later. This is a good education.

　　The product release of Big Data (e-Box) platform in Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Zone and the presentation meeting on the policy of political and trust linkage were held. Zhang Yuhuan photo

　　Zhongxin. com, Hangzhou, March 16 (Reporter Zhang Yuhuan) On the 15th, China (Hangzhou) cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zone (hereinafter referred to as Hangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Zone) held the product release of Big Data (e-Box) platform and the presentation meeting on the policy of political and trust linkage in Hangzhou. It is understood that through the online big data platform, Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Zone strives to build an index system suitable for the credit rating of cross-border e-commerce in Hangzhou, and provides differentiated services for enterprises with different credit ratings according to the index system to create a business environment of mutual trust and mutual benefit.

　　"In the past, it took at least one or two years for traditional foreign trade to obtain stable customers, which was a process of gradually accumulating trust. Today’s cross-border e-commerce, the two parties to the transaction do not meet and place orders directly, which is right for ‘ Credit ’ Put forward higher requirements. " Chen Weijing, deputy director of the Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Office, said.

　　The product release of Big Data (e-Box) platform in Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Zone and the presentation meeting on the policy of political and trust linkage were held. Zhang Yuhuan photo

　　She introduced that through the online big data platform, Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Zone has gathered government departments such as customs and taxation, gathered various e-commerce platforms and massive Internet data, built credit models according to the characteristics of different sub-industries, and built an indicator system suitable for cross-border e-commerce credit rating in Hangzhou.

　　"In the process of building the integrity of e-commerce, we are mainly divided into three links: letter acceptance, letter evaluation and letter use. In the early stage, 28 Hangzhou government departments transmitted data to the platform data warehouse, and matched the enterprises provided by government departments in the process of credit evaluation ‘ Black and white sample ’ Then, according to the five criteria of enterprise qualification, credit history and performance ability, the enterprise score is carried out. " Han Wei, head of Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Office Management Service Center, introduced.

　　According to the index system, the platform divides the cross-border e-commerce enterprises in Hangzhou into five grades: AAA/AA/A/BBB/BB, and provides differentiated services for enterprises with different credit ratings, such as opening a green channel for high-quality enterprises, extending the logistics account period, docking high-quality service providers, etc., and forming an e-commerce credit linkage ecosystem through the joint efforts of the platform layer, the government side and the market side.

　　The product release of Big Data (e-Box) platform in Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Zone and the presentation meeting on the policy of political and trust linkage were held. Zhang Yuhuan photo

　　According to Liao Wei, the head of corporate credit in Alibaba’s corporate financial services division, space and distance magnify the pain points of trust in cross-border trade, such as low transaction conversion rate and communication inquiry occupying a lot of time cost, so it is particularly important to build a cross-border e-commerce credit rating index system. "Integrity system business is becoming a business card and pass for SMEs in new commercial times."

　　At the event site, the service provider project that won the excellent cross-border ecological partner in 2018 signed a preferential agreement on political and credit linkage with Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Zone, and provided preferential rights for cross-border e-commerce enterprises in Hangzhou with reference to credit rating.

　　"Brand integrity construction is not achieved overnight." Chen Weijing said that in 2019, Hangzhou Comprehensive Test Zone will continue to cooperate with high-quality service providers to expand the global market based on credit, so as to give a "green light" to honest and trustworthy enterprises and help cross-border electronic commerce enterprises, traditional trade and manufacturing enterprises to better develop global digital trade.

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, the living consumption level of Chinese people has been greatly improved, and a historic leap has been achieved from insufficient food and clothing to a well-off society in general and then to a well-off society in an all-round way. With the change of development stage, people’s yearning for a better life is stronger, and the demand for upgrading the stock of consumer goods is constantly improving. Adapting to the new stage, new changes and new requirements, and promoting a new round of trade-in of consumer goods is not only beneficial to the present, but also beneficial to the long term, which is of great significance and role in promoting high-quality economic development.

First, the significance of implementing a new round of consumer goods trade-in.

(1) It is conducive to adapting to the changes in the development stage and promoting the continuous expansion of consumption.

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has grown rapidly, durable consumer goods have been fully popularized, and the problem of "whether there is" has been basically solved. By the end of 2022, the number of cars with 1,000 people in China had reached 226, and the average number of air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines and color TVs per 100 households reached 133.9, 104.2, 99 and 118.9 respectively. In the context of the rapid growth and popularization of durable consumer goods, policies such as trade-in in the early stage put more emphasis on stimulating incremental consumption and stabilizing economic growth. With the change of development stage, the demand for upgrading the stock of consumer goods is constantly increasing, and China’s consumer market is generally entering an era of paying equal attention to both increment and stock. Trade-in of consumer goods is conducive to accelerating the transformation of the consumer market from "whether there is" to "whether it is good" and forming a domestic cycle with consumption as the leading force.

(2) It is conducive to consolidating the economic recovery and improving the quality and level of the national economic cycle.

Consumption is the "stabilizer" and "ballast stone" of economic growth, and promoting consumption is the inherent requirement of promoting a virtuous circle of economy. At present, a large number of potential consumption in China still needs to be stimulated, and a virtuous circle of mutual promotion between consumption and investment is accelerating, and the chain of "consumption-employment-income" needs to be further unblocked. Activating the consumer market by exchanging the old for the new, releasing potential consumption and cultivating new consumption will help to provide stronger market demand support for enterprise management, thus stabilizing enterprise production and investment expectations, improving market participants’ confidence, promoting the smooth realization of production cycle and promoting China’s sustained economic recovery.

(3) It is conducive to promoting the change of development momentum and cultivating new quality productivity.

China’s consumer market continues to emerge a series of new consumption different from the past, which has become a new kinetic energy and new growth point to promote high-quality development. By expanding the renewal of existing consumer goods, the scale effect of innovation and development of new consumption and new formats will be formed, which in turn will have a strong innovation leading and pulling effect on upstream manufacturing and guide the upgrading of upstream manufacturing industrial structure to adapt to the changes in demand structure. The demand potential released by trade-in will help guide and support enterprises to increase scientific and technological innovation and new product research and development, promote technological upgrading and progress in related industries, foster the formation of new quality productivity, and achieve more quality and efficient growth. Trade-in of old products will push the economy to a higher level of dynamic balance in which demand pulls supply and supply creates demand, which is conducive to the dual promotion of domestic and global product competitiveness in the new era.

(4) It is conducive to meeting people’s needs for a better life and enhancing people’s well-being.

Owning and enjoying higher quality durable consumer goods is an important embodiment of people’s yearning for a better life. Trade-in is not a simple replacement of similar products, but a higher-end, smarter, more environmentally friendly and more personalized demand trend. With the increase of the service life of consumer goods in stock, the performance of a large number of cars and household appliances is getting worse, the emissions are getting higher, and even there are security risks. By exchanging old products for new ones to support the transformation and upgrading of residents’ consumption, high-quality products that are energy-saving, environmentally friendly and intelligent will enter residents’ lives, which will help improve people’s quality of life and enhance their sense of acquisition, happiness and security.

Second, the focus and focus of effectively starting and continuously promoting the trade-in of consumer goods

First, vigorously stimulate and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties. Adhere to the linkage between the central and local governments, coordinate and support all links in the whole chain, and realize the coordinated linkage and comprehensive policy of production, supply and marketing, upstream and downstream, government, enterprises and people, online and offline, benefiting more consumers. Strengthen the central government’s policy support, arrange special funds from the central government, improve tax support policies and optimize financial support, and give better play to the guiding role of local governments and business entities. Optimize the design of policy mechanism, fully stimulate the enthusiasm of production enterprises, platform enterprises, recycling enterprises, dismantling enterprises and consumers, and implement the original intention of good policies.

The second is systematic planning to get through the key blocking points of the supply and demand cycle. In the past, fiscal policy was more biased towards infrastructure investment and upstream manufacturing. From the current point of view, it is necessary to pay more attention to the leading and leading role of consumers. In policy implementation, it is necessary to respect consumers’ choices, enhance consumers’ ability to pay, give play to consumers’ subjective initiative, and focus more on how to lead and drive consumers to upgrade, indirectly forming a virtuous circle of mutual promotion between supply and demand. Promote the circulation of commodities through the trade-in action, enhance the transaction value of commodities in all links, and create a reasonable profit space for market players. Solve the outstanding shortcomings in the whole cycle of production, circulation, consumption and recycling of products, and fundamentally form a systematic policy effect.

The third is to promote flexibly and continuously release the consumption potential. Focus on organizing and carrying out trade-in activities by stages and product categories, so as to create a consumer market atmosphere with continuous vitality in generate and avoid the fatigue of consumers caused by concentrated activities. Guided by convenience and material benefits, we will comprehensively use various policy tools such as consumer subsidies, consumer coupons, and interest subsidies for consumer loans, actively give play to the advantages of Internet platforms, and simplify the policy application process, especially taking care of the needs of the elderly and rural residents. Strengthen the safety publicity of durable consumer goods, actively organize theme activities, and gradually improve consumers’ awareness of safety precautions in the use of old household appliances. Through the way of regional pilot, we will innovate, promote, evaluate and improve, and properly solve the new problems in the implementation of this round of trade-in policy.

Fourth, give consideration to both length and weakness, and strengthen the construction of systems and standards. Take a new round of trade-in as an opportunity to promote the improvement of the basic system of consumer market governance, accelerate the construction of a high-standard market system, and create a good institutional environment for consumer innovation. Gradually strengthen the construction of recycling industry system, guide recycling enterprises and individual operators to gradually integrate into unified management, and continuously improve the quality of circulation services. Adhere to the guidance of standards and orderly promotion, and further improve the management system and industry standards of product life cycle. Support industry associations, individual enterprises, experts and scholars to actively participate in the formulation of standards, strengthen the convergence of international and domestic standards in key areas, and let more high-quality durable consumer goods enter residents’ lives.

Fifth, strengthen support and constantly improve the consumption supporting system. Overall planning and construction of a number of urban comprehensive logistics centers, professional distribution centers and e-commerce logistics nodes, and improvement of urban logistics distribution facilities such as docking, loading and unloading. Improve the logistics infrastructure network and sales service system in rural areas, promote the construction of regional commercial logistics distribution centers and terminal distribution outlets, and promote the innovation of consumption formats. We will improve the resource recycling system for scrapped cars and used household appliances and furniture, improve the network layout of household appliances and furniture recycling, promote the construction of recycling outlets and centralized storage and transportation points as a whole, and encourage the establishment of recycling bins in qualified communities to facilitate residents to handle small household appliances.

(the State CouncilWang Qing, deputy director and researcher of Market Economy Research Institute of Development Research Center; Wang Nian, deputy director and associate researcher of the Research Office of Market Economy Research Institute of the State Council Development Research Center)

　　On January 15th, Guangzhou Beijing Road Pedestrian Street was crowded with tourists. Photo by Zhong Yong (People’s Vision)

　　Chaoyang, Beijing — —

　　Shangchao sales and stocking are busy.

　　On January 14, I walked into the sweet water garden store of Jingkelong Supermarket in Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the strong flavor of the year came on me. On the glass curtain wall, huge window stickers focus on the theme of the Year of the Rabbit, and red lanterns are hung high on both sides of the door. On the shelves in the supermarket, "candied melon sticks", peanuts and melon seeds are piled up into hills, and Daoxiang Village dim sum box, old Beijing roast duck gift box and New Year’s Eve gift box are renewed in turn.

　　Many kinds of fish are very popular in the fresh aquatic products area. "From the opening of the door in the morning to the present, the hairtail on the shelf is sold short, and it can sell about 400 kilograms every day." Chen Song, the clerk in charge of selling hairtail, said while busy.

　　Mr. Liu, a citizen who came to buy the new year’s goods, carefully selected the dried fruits, and soon the harvest was full: "This Spring Festival, the children will come home, so they came to buy all kinds of dried fruits and leisure snacks early. The supermarket has a complete range of goods and everything they want to buy."

　　"This is only the beginning of the sales of new year’s goods, and it will usher in a peak period in the next few days." Guo Dongnian, manager of Jingkelong Sweet Water Garden Store, said, "In the past, everyone’s shopping carts were piled with rice flour, grain and oil, as well as easy-to-store dishes such as Chinese cabbage, potatoes and onions; Now, most of them are leafy vegetables, fresh fish, fresh shrimp and fresh fruit, many of which are high-net-worth goods. "

　　In response to customers’ diversified and quality needs, supermarkets have also opened pre-sale channels while actively stocking up. Customers can order light snow strawberries, Maoshanwang durian, cherries, red pine mushrooms and other commodities, and receive them at home on time, which is both fresh and convenient.

　　There should be a new atmosphere in the new year. Looking forward to the new year, Guo Dongnian told reporters: "In 2023, the store will usher in an overall transformation and upgrading, from the ground and ceiling to the shelves and promotional activities. We are full of confidence in welcoming the Spring Festival. "

　　Chengdu, Sichuan — —

　　Characteristic business circle is full of vitality

　　At noon on January 17, the reporter came to a commercial complex in Jiaozi Financial Business Circle, Chengdu High-tech Zone, Sichuan Province, and saw an endless stream of citizens and tourists, talking and laughing in and out of the mall, and a scene of jubilation.

　　"I will go back to my hometown in Shaanxi tomorrow, and I will come shopping as soon as the mall opens today." Mr. Wu, who is on a business trip to Chengdu, holds the special ingredients such as the bottom of a wok and beef in one hand and a panda doll souvenir in the other. He smiled and told the reporter, "If you eat, you can send your relatives, and the panda doll will be given to your daughter."

　　Walking into the shopping mall, the annual flavor is full, lanterns, zodiac rabbits and other Chinese New Year elements can be seen everywhere, and many counters put up posters with full discounts and points redemption in eye-catching positions. "In the past few days, we have specially extended the business hours and increased the security to ensure that citizens and tourists have a good time in shopping malls and buy with confidence." The person in charge of the mall told the reporter.

　　The Spring Festival is approaching, and the warming trend of Chengdu consumer market is obviously enhanced. As a large-scale commercial complex in Jiaozi Financial Business Circle, Chengdu Youfang Shopping Center will continue to launch exhibitions such as trend art exhibitions, as well as promotional activities such as redemption of points and over-value discounts during the Spring Festival holiday, creating a rich consumption scene that integrates eating, drinking and shopping, so that citizens and tourists can experience the traditional taste of the year and multiple pleasures. The Mofang Shopping Center adjacent to Youfang Shopping Center will also launch special packages during the Spring Festival holiday to open a new experience of food fashion consumption.

　　The data shows that in the fourth quarter of last year, the daily average number of visitors to Chengdu Jiaozi Financial Business Circle reached 148,000, an increase of 47.7% compared with the third quarter, and it has maintained a steady upward trend. During the New Year’s Day holiday this year, the retail and catering enterprises under key monitoring in Sichuan Province achieved a cumulative sales of 2.26 billion yuan, up 6.7% year-on-year. In order to meet the diversified consumption needs of citizens to a greater extent, help market players gather popularity and increase confidence, Chengdu High-tech Zone also launched the first Jiaozi International Consumer Festival and other theme activities to bring more fresh and diverse high-quality consumption experiences to citizens and continuously stimulate consumption potential.

　　Guangzhou, Guangdong — —

　　Restaurant reservations are booming.

　　On January 15th, Huifu Food Flower Street in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, was bustling and bustling in the twilight. Citizens enjoy flowers for dinner, and their faces are filled with the happiness of the Spring Festival.

　　"I specially brought my family here today, ate an authentic Cantonese food, and bought some flowers to decorate the house." Mr. Gao, a family of six, booked a table in advance before the rush hour and sat in the almost full Guangzhou restaurant.

　　"The recent passenger flow has increased by nearly 20% compared with the same period of last year." The person in charge of Yuehua Store of Guangzhou Restaurant said that the demand for dining was very strong during this period. The private rooms and the first round hall of the store during the Spring Festival holiday were basically fully booked, and more than half of the second round had been booked.

　　Huifu Food Flower Street is one of the first batch of Cantonese food streets in Guangdong Province, and it is also an important part of Guangzhou Beijing Road National Demonstration Pedestrian Street, with a total length of nearly 400 meters and more than 120 restaurants.

　　It is understood that the recent turnover rate of Guangzhou Restaurant, Big Pigeon Rice and other Cantonese food brand stores in Huifu Food Flower Street has exceeded 6%, and the booking rate of small and medium-sized private rooms such as Lucky House and Yuepin House is close to full, and there are long queues at the gates of Zhuangchen Food Store, Big Head Shrimp and Wentong Ice Room. During the Spring Festival holiday this year, many food and beverage outlets in Guangzhou will carry out profit promotion activities, offer multiple discounts for new year products such as potted vegetables and rice cakes, and develop a number of special dishes for the Spring Festival.

　　"The business of catering stores is booming and the consumption momentum is improving. On January 15, the total passenger flow on Beijing Road will exceed 600,000, an increase of 7% over the same period of last year. " The person in charge of the Management Committee of Beijing Road Cultural Core Area in Guangzhou said that since the New Year’s Eve, Beijing Road Pedestrian Street has held the "Welcome New Year to Buy New Year’s Goods" to promote consumption, which will continue to attract passengers and stimulate consumption.

　　"Money is spent today, and tomorrow’s things will be discussed tomorrow?" For this statement, most of Chinese (79.03%) disapproved, but compared with two years ago, the preference for delayed consumption declined slightly. A few days ago, the "Summary Report on Consumer Financial Literacy Survey in 2019" released by the central bank aroused social concern. There is also another set of data that attracts people’s attention: last year, the per capita holding of credit cards and debit-credit cards in China increased by nearly 20%; In the first quarter of this year, the total outstanding credit of credit cards overdue for half a year reached 79.743 billion yuan, nearly 10 times that of nine years ago.

　　Some people think that the decline in delayed consumption preference and the sharp increase in outstanding credit of credit cards mean that Chinese doesn’t like saving money and loves spending money.

　　Experts said that this summary should not be simply made. Compared with other countries, China’s savings rate is still in the forefront. The change of people’s attitude towards saving shows that China’s domestic demand-oriented economic system is gradually being established. However, some people, especially young people, should realize the transformation from "card slave" to "card owner", avoid excessive consumption, and establish correct values and consumption concepts.

　　With sufficient policy support and a good mentality, young people naturally dare to "buy in buy buy"

　　"I don’t save money when I have no income, and I don’t deliberately save money after I have income." Lou Yun, 24, has been working for two years, and every month she puts her salary in Alipay. After paying back the money that should have been paid last month, she will buy regular financial management or fund fixed investment for the rest of the money. In her opinion, if you want to increase your money, you can only earn more, not save more.

　　Nowadays, the number of people who hold similar ideas with Lou Yun is increasing. The "Summary Report on Consumer Financial Literacy Survey in 2019" released by the People’s Bank of China recently shows that when asked about their attitudes towards consumption and savings, although most people (79.03%) hold the view of "not agreeing" or "not agreeing at all" to "spend money today, and talk about things tomorrow", compared with 2017, consumers’ preference for delayed consumption has declined slightly.

　　Delaying consumption means storing some of your belongings and then arranging for consumption at multiple points in the future. Delaying the decline of consumption preference means that some people no longer save money, but spend it immediately. Relevant statistics also show that the savings rate of China residents reached 37.3% at its peak (in 2008), and has declined in recent years.

　　What do you think of this phenomenon? Yang Jun, a professor in the Department of Trade at the School of International Business and Economics of the University of International Business and Economics, said that generally speaking, there are two main reasons for delaying consumption: one is to cope with future expenditures and various uncertainties, and the other is to obtain higher financial benefits. At present, the new generation of consumers in China has gradually become the main body of the labor market, with more emphasis on the individual’s current quality of life. At the same time, with the improvement of living standards and the improvement of social security system, the dividend of tax reduction and fee reduction policy is continuously released, the uncertainty of employment, education and health care in the future is reduced, and people’s overall spending power is improved. In addition, the rapid development of modern finance makes it easier for individuals and families to obtain short-term and medium-and long-term funds to cope with all kinds of urgent expenses, and the cost has dropped significantly.

　　To put it simply, today’s consumers, especially the younger generation, are in a good mood and confident, and naturally dare to "buy in buy buy". Data show that in the first half of this year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in China reached 19.5 trillion yuan, up 8.4% year-on-year. Among them, young people are becoming the main force of consumption. Ant Financial and Fidelity International released the "2018 China Pension Prospect Survey Report", showing that 18— The average monthly savings of 34-year-old young people is 1339 yuan.

　　Liu Ye, who is studying in a university in Beijing, has been saving money since primary school and likes to spend money. She said that on the one hand, saving money is for emergencies, on the other hand, it is to satisfy some small wishes, such as buying something that you are usually reluctant to buy to reward yourself. However, when buying some high-priced products, even if she has the ability to pay directly, she will choose to use Internet consumer credit products for installment payment, which is becoming fashionable among young people. "Consumption is impulsive, so control yourself." Liu Ye has set a consumption red line for this purpose — — It can’t exceed 4,000 yuan per month, because "owing too much money will lead to pressure".

　　“‘ After 95 ’ And ‘ 00 ’ Growing up in the era of affluence and mobile Internet, it is logical to delay the decline of consumption preference when they gradually become the main consumer. " Wang Jun, a member of the Academic Committee of China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said that this phenomenon will increase further in the future as more children grow up.

　　It should be pointed out that the rising house prices for many years, the improvement of residents’ living conditions, and the increase in rigid expenditures such as pension and medical care are also important reasons for delaying the decline in consumption preferences and reducing the household savings rate in recent years. Wang Jun believes that delaying the decline of consumption preference and the decrease of savings rate are two sides of the same coin, because the pursuit of a better life will inevitably lead to the promotion of immediate consumption power and the decrease of savings rate.

　　At the same time, he pointed out that compared with developed countries and developing countries, China’s household savings rate has always been in the forefront of the world, and there has been no cliff-like decline. Of course, due to the gap between China and developed countries in terms of the soundness of social security system, the perfection of financial market and the income level of residents, especially the change of residents’ consumption habits will take a long time, so it is necessary to prepare for risk prevention and relevant policy adjustment.

　　Zhou Xiaochuan, former governor of the People’s Bank of China, believes that the decline in the savings rate has certain benefits, indicating that domestic demand has increased, but we also need to pay attention to the change of the savings rate between generations. Under the background of the development of financial technology, the rapid development of consumer credit will induce the younger generation to spend in advance and borrow money. "This is not only an economic and financial phenomenon, but also a cultural and demographic phenomenon, which may have an important impact."

　　Will "spend tomorrow’s money and buy today’s things" become a consumption trap?

　　Among many forms of consumption, it is worthy of attention to swipe credit cards or use online consumer credit products such as Alipay "Flower Blossom" for early consumption and borrowing consumption. This consumption form of "spending tomorrow’s money and buying today’s things" is very common among some young people.

　　Ren Huan, who is studying for a master’s degree in a university in Beijing, recently made up his mind to shut down an Internet consumer credit product. It turned out that under the induction of this product, he spent up to 45 thousand yuan a month. He said: "It always gives me a credit limit, and when I pay, I use this product by default, which makes me spend money like water."

　　There are more and more credit cards and internet consumer credit products, which leads to a substantial increase in the amount of outstanding credit and pushes up financial risks. According to the "General Situation of Payment System Operation in the First Quarter of 2019" issued by the central bank, as of the end of the first quarter of this year, the total outstanding credit of credit cards overdue for half a year was 79.743 billion yuan. In 2010, nine years ago, this figure was only 8.804 billion yuan. According to statistics, among the nearly 170 million "post-90s", more than 45 million people have opened "flower beds". The phenomenon of credit card "card slave" and "flower slave" began to appear.

　　Wang Jun believes that the rapid growth of credit card issuance by commercial banks and the rapid development of financial technology have also led to a sharp rise in multi-head co-debt and related risks of credit consumer loans such as credit cards, Internet-based credit products, consumer finance loans and cash loans, resulting in an increase in the overdue amount of credit cards. Especially under the macro background of increasing economic downward pressure in recent years, the personal financial situation of some credit card holders has changed greatly, while some commercial banks have excessively pursued commercial interests and failed to grasp these changes in time, resulting in more prominent related problems and risks.

　　The improper marketing methods of some businesses are also adding fuel to the fire. Some advertisements link consumption with status, class, taste, IQ, love, affection and so on, and induce people to over-consume.

　　Generally speaking, reasonable consumption in advance is conducive to changing the traditional phenomenon that the elders accumulate capital and wealth, and the descendants get something for nothing, and it can also effectively expand market demand and promote economic growth. However, unreasonable consumption in advance may go to the opposite side, which will increase economic pressure for individuals and affect their mental health and life stability; For the country and society, it will induce a destructive hedonism and unrealistic waste culture, cause a social "credit crisis" and increase the possibility of economic crisis. Great Depression in the 1930s, 2007— The "subprime mortgage crisis" in 2008 is a lesson from the past.

　　So, will this advanced consumption pattern become a "consumption trap" in China? Many experts and interviewees believe that the key to preventing risks lies in cultivating people to develop good and healthy consumption habits.

　　"In the next 10 years, the total amount of outstanding credit of Chinese residents will increase, but it will remain within a reasonable range." Yang Jun believes that this is because the overall knowledge level of young people is improving and their ability to obtain higher income is increasing; At the same time, the means of risk control in the financial sector will be more advanced.

　　In Ren Huan’s view, marriage will become the threshold for him to save money. He said that saving money after marriage is not simply for enjoying consumption, but for family illness, pension and other expenses. "This reflects the continuation of Chinese’s traditional home-based culture, and there is a kind of cultural resilience behind it."

　　Balance the relationship between savings and consumption from the perspective of life cycle

　　In order to accelerate the transformation of consumption to green, the National Development and Reform Commission and other ten departments issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting Green Consumption three years ago. The opinion puts forward that we should resolutely resist unhealthy trends such as extravagance and pleasure-seeking, vigorously get rid of bad habits such as ostentation and extravagance, resist excessive consumption, change the wrong concept of "paying for yourself and being rich and frugal", and form a social atmosphere of "saving glory and wasting shame". The opinions also put forward specific measures from the aspects of laws and regulations, standard system, identification certification system, economic policy and financial support.

　　Nowadays, more young people are conscious of balancing savings and consumption. "I will decide to spend according to a stable income." For the future consumption view, Liu Ye answered with certainty. She said that she would definitely save money after work, and she felt insecure if she didn’t save money, because Chinese often said, "When money is used, she hates less".

　　However, with the increasing availability of financial services, it is urgent to improve people’s financial literacy. The Summary Report on the Survey of Consumers’ Financial Literacy in 2019 issued by the Central Bank suggests that we should pay attention to the financial literacy of low-income, low-educated, non-employed, old and young groups, carry out appropriate financial education activities in combination with group characteristics, focus on improving consumers’ financial knowledge and skills, and improve consumers’ financial behavior. At the same time, actively respond to the challenges brought by digital technology. For some consumers, digital technology has a lagging effect in promoting financial literacy, so more financial education tools should be developed to adapt to the digital age and demographic changes.

　　"The cultivation of good financial literacy and consumption concept needs to start with school education and start with dolls. This should be the basic quality that every citizen should have." Wang Jun believes that residents should be guided to establish a sustainable consumption concept, live within their means, consume moderately, and arrange and balance the relationship between savings and consumption from the perspective of the whole life cycle.

　　Yang Jun believes that for individuals, it is still necessary to advocate the concept of thrift and reasonable arrangement of various consumption expenditures. For large loans, it is necessary to balance the relationship between future income and current loans, and try to keep the current loan amount within the current discounted value of future reasonable income expectations. The government should promote the integration of financial knowledge into the national education system and improve the financial investment literacy of the people; At the same time, improve the financial supervision system, promote the efficiency of the financial sector, and control social and financial risks.

　　(At the request of the interviewee, fei chang, Zaler Xu, Lou Yun, Liu Ye and Ren Huan mentioned in this article are all pseudonyms. )

　　Consumer said

　　"If you have income, you will definitely save money."

　　Zhang Fei college student female is 23 years old.

　　I can’t save money at present because there is no extra income; However, it will not be consumed in advance. Even if you use Alipay’s "flower garden" loan or make installment payment, you must ensure that you can pay it back now.

　　I will definitely save money when I have income in the future. I haven’t thought about how much to save, but I certainly won’t spend money lavishly. For example, if I earn 20,000 yuan a month, I must save at least 10,000 yuan, regardless of the necessary expenses.

　　What do you save money for? Of course, it is to buy a house, a car, or an emergency. I think saving money is a great source of security, which means stronger risk coping ability and more future choices. Anyway, I dare not be a "moonlight family".

　　"Consumption is better than saving money"

　　Xu Lang graduated for one year, unemployed male, 26 years old.

　　I don’t make money now, and I can’t save money. After making money, you shouldn’t save money at first, so it’s estimated that it’s not enough to spend, but if there is any surplus after spending, won’t the money be saved automatically?

　　I think consumption is still very important. It is better to spend for your own interests than to save money. What do you save money for? I haven’t thought about it, so I’ll save it first.

　　I usually use Alipay "Flower Garden", and I can only use it to advance when I have no money. Now my parents help me repay the loan, so I haven’t thought about the credit limit and repayment ability.

　　(Peng Xunwen, Li Hejun)

　　On December 16th, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China issued a public consultation announcement on the Notice on Further Promoting the Standardized and Healthy Development of Credit Card Business (Draft for Comment). The opinion draft pointed out that banking financial institutions should take effective measures to monitor and control the actual use of credit card funds in a timely and accurate manner. Credit card funds shall not be used for repayment of loans, investment and other fields, and it is strictly forbidden to flow into areas restricted or prohibited by policies. The number of long-term sleep credit cards that have not been actively traded by customers for more than 18 consecutive months and the current overdraft balance and overpayment are zero shall not exceed 20% of the total number of cards issued by the institution at any time, except for credit cards with additional policy functions issued by banking financial institutions as required by policies and regulations. Banking financial institutions exceeding this ratio may not issue new cards.

　　Attached to the original:

　　Notice on Further Promoting the Standardized and Healthy Development of Credit Card Business (Draft for Comment)

　　This circular is formulated to standardize the credit card business, implement the management responsibilities of banking financial institutions and their cooperative institutions, improve the quality and efficiency of credit card services, protect the legitimate rights and interests of financial consumers, adhere to the people-centered development idea, and promote the credit card industry to develop with high quality to better support scientific and rational consumption.

　　First, strengthen the management of credit card business

　　(1) [Strategic Management] A banking financial institution shall formulate a prudent and steady credit card development strategy, which shall be reviewed and approved by the board of directors or senior management of the institution, and shall be continuously and effectively implemented and regularly evaluated and improved. Banking financial institutions shall reasonably formulate the annual management objectives and plans of credit cards in strict accordance with the development strategy.

　　(II) [Performance Appraisal] Banking financial institutions shall establish a scientific and reasonable credit card business performance appraisal index system and salary payment mechanism. The weight of compliance management indicators and risk management indicators should be significantly higher than other indicators. Banking financial institutions shall regularly assess and determine the positions and personnel scope that have an important impact on the credit card business risks, and implement strict management of deferred payment, delayed recourse and deduction of performance pay.

　　(III) [Asset Quality Management] Banking financial institutions shall strictly implement the credit card asset quality classification standards and identification procedures, and comprehensively, accurately and timely reflect the asset risk status. Strengthen the analysis of asset quality migration trend, set risk early warning indicators, continuously and effectively identify, measure, monitor, warn, prevent and dispose of risks, accurately grasp the scale and structure of non-performing assets, and write them off in time according to procedures.

　　(IV) [Behavior Management] Banking financial institutions shall strictly implement the employee behavior management of credit card business, carry out continuous supervision and regular investigation, implement the whole process supervision of the business behaviors of important positions and key personnel, and establish and improve the accountability and recording mechanism for violations.

　　(V) [Staff Training] Banking financial institutions shall strengthen compliance training and consumer rights protection training for their employees engaged in credit card business, and the training time for each person shall not be less than 30 hours per year.

　　Second, strictly regulate the marketing behavior of issuing cards.

　　(VI) [Card Issuance Management] Banking financial institutions shall not directly or indirectly take the number of cards issued, the number of customers, market share or market ranking as single or main assessment indicators.

　　Banking financial institutions should continue to take effective measures to prevent risks such as fraudulent card handling and excessive card handling. Set the maximum number of cards issued for a single customer. Strengthen the dynamic monitoring and management of sleep credit cards and strictly control the proportion. The number of long-term sleep credit cards that have not been actively traded by customers for more than 18 consecutive months and the current overdraft balance and overpayment are zero shall not exceed 20% of the total number of cards issued by the institution at any time, except for credit cards with additional policy functions issued by banking financial institutions as required by policies and regulations. Banking financial institutions exceeding this ratio may not issue new cards. The Bank of China Insurance Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission) can dynamically reduce the proportion limit standard of long-term sleep credit cards according to regulatory needs.

　　Banking financial institutions should respect the true wishes of customers when binding payment accounts and other accounts for credit cards, and provide unbinding services with the same convenience. If a customer applies for card cancellation, it shall complete the processing in time after confirming that there is no outstanding payment.

　　(VII) [Information Disclosure] Banking financial institutions should effectively strengthen marketing publicity and management when conducting credit card business. When concluding a credit card contract with a customer, we should strictly fulfill the obligation to prompt or explain the terms of interest, compound interest, fees, liquidated damages, and risk disclosure, show the annualized interest rate level to the customer in an obvious way, ensure that the customer pays attention to and understands the terms, and actively inform the customer of the consultation and complaint acceptance channels. When opening the online payment function of credit card for customers, we should fully fulfill the obligation of informing in advance, reach an agreement with customers on the terms of online payment, and obtain the customer’s confirmation and consent on the opening.

　　(VIII) [Sales Backtracking] Banking financial institutions shall actively take audio and video recording and other measures to completely and objectively record and save important sales link information such as credit card issuance, risk disclosure and information disclosure, so as to ensure that the recorded information is comprehensive, accurate, tamper-proof and traceable, and continuously meet the requirements of supervision and inspection by financial regulatory authorities and investigation and evidence collection by judicial organs in China. The recorded information should at least include: the valid identification materials of the credit card applicant, the financial status related to the credit card application, credit records, publicity and sales texts, signed credit card articles of association and contract (agreement), important tips and confirmation information, etc. The recorded information should be kept for at least 2 years after the end of the business duration with customers.

　　(IX) [Management of Marketing Personnel] No person may engage in the credit card issuance marketing activities of a banking financial institution without internal unified qualification certification. Banking financial institutions shall provide information inquiry methods for credit card marketers at their business outlets and electronic channels. Credit card marketers should present their work certificates containing the identity of the card issuer and personal work information to customers in advance, and inform customers of the information inquiry methods of credit card marketers.

　　(X) [Prohibited Behavior] Banking financial institutions shall implement strict management of credit card marketing behavior. Do not promise to issue cards or promise to give high credit; No fraud or false propaganda; Credit cards shall not be marketed by default check or forced bundling.

　　Third, strict credit management and risk control

　　(eleven) [credit audit] banking financial institutions should strengthen the credit audit of credit card customers, understand and analyze the credit status of customers through legal channels such as the basic database of financial credit information, implement necessary multi-dimensional cross-verification, independently audit and judge the identity of customers and identify the authenticity, integrity and timeliness of application materials. Customers who have multiple debt records in different institutions after investigation should be strictly examined to strictly guard against the risk of multi-head lending.

　　(XII) [Credit Management] A banking financial institution shall reasonably set the upper limit of the total credit line of a single customer according to the credit status, income status and financial status of the customer, and include the customer in all credit lines of the institution for unified management. Within the total credit line of credit card, the credit line of cash advance business shall not exceed the credit line of non-cash advance business.

　　Banking financial institutions shall conduct full due diligence on a single customer and conduct consolidated management on all credit card credit lines of the customer in other institutions. In the process of credit approval and credit line increase (including temporary credit line increase), the accumulated credit lines obtained from other institutions should be deducted from the total credit line of the customer’s own credit card, and the situation of new card issuing customers applying for credit cards from other institutions at the same time should be monitored and the corresponding credit line reduction should be implemented.

　　(XIII) Banking financial institutions shall implement strict and prudent dynamic management of credit line of credit card, and re-evaluate, calculate and determine the credit line of credit card customers at least once a year. For customers whose risk situation has obviously deteriorated, measures such as reducing the credit line should be taken in time. The customer who raises the credit line shall be re-approved for credit, and the credit line shall not be raised without the consent of the customer. Banking financial institutions shall strictly set the approval authority for raising the credit line, and reasonably set the range, frequency, time interval and validity period of the temporary increase of the credit line.

　　(XIV) [Risk Model] Banking financial institutions shall establish and improve the whole process management mechanism of credit card risk model development, testing, evaluation, application, monitoring, correction, optimization and withdrawal, ensure that the risk model development and evaluation links are independent of each other, and re-evaluate the risk model at least once a year and update and optimize it in time. When using the risk model provided by the cooperative organization, the principles of interpretability, verifiability, transparency and fairness shall be followed, and the responsibility of risk model management shall not be outsourced. The board of directors and senior management of banking financial institutions should understand the role and limitations of credit card-related risk models.

　　Fourth, strictly control the flow of funds

　　(XV) Banking financial institutions shall take effective measures to timely and accurately monitor and control the actual use of credit card funds. Credit card funds shall not be used for repayment of loans, investment and other fields, and it is strictly forbidden to flow into areas restricted or prohibited by policies.

　　(XVI) Banking financial institutions shall strengthen the monitoring and analysis of abnormal card use behaviors such as cashing and swiping, continuously optimize transaction monitoring rules, enhance early warning capabilities, and continuously and effectively prevent and control all kinds of fraud risks. Record and save credit card transactions and other information completely according to law, and continuously meet the requirements of supervision and inspection by financial regulatory authorities and investigation and evidence collection by judicial organs in China. If the transaction information that the acquiring institution should send is not received, it shall promptly inform the bank card clearing institution, the online payment clearing platform of non-bank payment institutions and other relevant institutions. For customers who confirm the existence of cash withdrawal, banking financial institutions should immediately take effective restrictive measures to control the risk of credit card funds.

　　Five, comprehensively strengthen the standardized management of credit card installment business.

　　(XVII) Banking financial institutions shall strictly regulate the management of credit card installment business. To handle installment business for customers, we should set up independent application, approval and other links in advance, fully disclose the nature of installment business, handling procedures, potential risks and liability for breach of contract in a concise and easy-to-understand way, and confirm the knowledge by customers in a legally effective way. A separate contract (agreement) shall be signed with the customer for each installment business, and it shall not be confused with or bundled with other credit card business contracts (agreements). If the credit card installment funds need to be transferred to the customer’s own account, it shall be transferred to his own bank settlement account except the credit card, and the amount and term shall be managed according to the cash advance business.

　　(XVIII) [Prohibitive Provisions] Banking financial institutions shall not re-stage the fund balance that has been staged, except for the personalized installment repayment agreement stipulated in the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Credit Card Business of Commercial Banks. No minimum repayment service shall be provided for installment business. Do not only provide or check the option of charging full installment interest at one time by default.

　　(XIX) [Amount and Term] Banking financial institutions shall carefully set the amount and term of credit card overdraft by installment, and specify the minimum starting amount and the maximum amount of installment business. The term of installment business shall not exceed 5 years. If the customer really needs to apply for installment repayment for the cash advance business, the amount shall not exceed RMB 50,000 or the equivalent in a freely convertible currency, and the term shall not exceed 2 years.

　　(20) [Disclosure Form of Interest and Fee] A banking financial institution shall clearly display all interest and fee items, annualized interest rate levels and interest and fee calculation methods that may be generated by installment business on the first page of the installment business contract (agreement). When showing customers the use cost of funds collected by installment business, interest shall be used uniformly, and handling fees shall not be used, unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations.

　　(21) If the customer settles the credit card installment business in advance, the banking financial institution shall charge interest according to the actual amount of funds occupied and the term.

　　Sixth, strict management of cooperative institutions

　　(22) [Management of Cooperative Institutions] When conducting credit card business cooperation, banking financial institutions should earnestly implement the main responsibility of business compliance review and strengthen cooperation with cooperative institutions in employee compliance and consumer protection training. The credit card business management department of the head office or the headquarters of the credit card franchise institution shall formulate clear entry and exit standards and management approval procedures for the cooperative institutions, and implement list management. A written cooperation contract shall be signed with the cooperative institution to clearly stipulate the rights and responsibilities of both parties. If it is found that the cooperative institution provides unfair and unreasonable cooperation conditions or services, it shall refuse to cooperate or terminate the cooperation according to the contract. The cooperative institutions mentioned in this Notice include, but are not limited to, various institutions that cooperate in credit card advertising promotion, payment and settlement, information technology, value-added services and collection.

　　(23) [Cooperative Management] Banking financial institutions shall accept business links such as credit card application, customer information collection, identity verification, card issuance review, contract (agreement) signing, credit card transaction, bill information inquiry, repayment, etc. through self-operated network platforms, pages or other electronic channels managed and controlled by cooperative institutions, so as to ensure clear and accurate creditor-debtor relationship. For consumers who transfer to the self-operated network platform of their own institutions through the channels of other cooperative institutions, the cooperative institutions shall be required to make special tips on the difference between the ownership subjects of the channels and places.

　　(24) [Concentration Management] The total number of credit cards issued by a banking financial institution through a single cooperative institution or a number of cooperative institutions with related relationships shall not exceed 25% of the total number of credit cards issued by the institution, and the total credit balance shall not exceed 15% of the total credit balance of the institution.

　　(25) [Co-branded card management — Main responsibility] Banking financial institutions shall assume the main responsibility for the operation and management of their co-branded cards, ensure that both parties to the co-branded cards present their own brands equally in all credit card-related business links, and shall not directly or in disguised form exercise banking duties on behalf of the co-branded units or substitute the brand of the co-branded units for the bank brand. We should continue to strengthen the analysis and monitoring of the business risk, reputation risk and other adverse effects of the joint venture, and strictly prevent the risk from being transmitted to this institution. Except for obtaining separate authorization from customers through the self-operated channels of the institution, information unrelated to its rights and services shall not be returned to the joint venture. It is not allowed to carry out business beyond the business area restrictions by issuing joint-name cards or through the channels of joint-name units. Strengthen cooperation with bank card clearing institutions, and establish and improve the business rules for issuing co-branded cards.

　　(XXVI) [Co-branded card management — Joint unit] Banking financial institutions shall carefully and fully evaluate the matching degree between joint units and credit card product positioning. A joint entity shall be a non-financial institution that provides value-added services to credit card customers in its main business field. Banking financial institutions shall not cooperate with financial institutions, financial holding companies and their subordinate financial institutions, non-bank payment institutions and local financial organizations to issue co-branded cards, except as otherwise provided by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　(XXVII) [Co-branded card management — Service restrictions] The business scope of joint-name card cooperation of banking financial institutions shall be limited to the advertising promotion of joint-name units and the rights and interests services related to their main business. Where a joint venture provides data analysis, technical support, collection and other services, it shall sign a special contract separately, and stipulate the rights and responsibilities of both parties according to the principle of matching income and risk, and different cooperation content categories shall not be confused and cross-bound.

　　(XXVIII) [Co-branded card management — Service charge] If a joint unit participates in the credit card revenue or profit sharing directly or in disguised form in the joint card business cooperation, or improperly links the charging standard with the credit card overdraft amount and other indicators, the banking financial institution shall stop the joint card cooperation with it.

　　(29) [Collection Management] Banking financial institutions shall implement the main responsibility of collection management, strictly formulate and implement management systems such as audit inspection and complaint handling of collection business, standardize collection behavior, and shall not provide or disclose customer arrears information in violation of laws and regulations, and shall not collect debts from third parties unrelated to debts. Continuously strengthen the collection capacity building of this institution and reduce the dependence on outsourcing collection.

　　Vii. strengthening the protection of consumers’ legitimate rights and interests

　　(30) [Consumer Protection Review] Banking financial institutions shall establish a review system and working mechanism for the protection of consumers’ rights and interests, and incorporate them into the credit card business risk management and internal control system. Regularly and strictly review credit card format contracts to avoid clauses and contents that infringe on consumers’ legitimate rights and interests.

　　(31) [Reasonable Pricing] Under the premise of complying with laws and effectively covering risks, banking financial institutions should scientifically determine the level of credit card interest fees, improve the quality and efficiency of services, continue to take effective measures, and resolutely promote the reasonable decline of credit card interest fees. Except for cash withdrawal business, the total amount of interest charged by banking financial institutions to customers who default or fail to repay overdue shall not exceed the corresponding overdraft principal.

　　(32) [Data Security] Banking financial institutions shall strictly implement data security and other relevant laws and regulations and relevant provisions on credit management, follow the principle of "legality, justness and necessity", and clearly stipulate in the cooperation contract the purpose, manner and scope of the use of customer information by both parties, customer information confidentiality responsibilities and obligations, and effective measures to prevent and control the risk of customer information disclosure. It is not allowed to cooperate with institutions that conduct data processing in violation of laws and regulations.

　　Eight, strengthen the supervision and management of credit card business.

　　(33) [Daily Supervision] China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and its dispatched offices shall strengthen the risk identification, monitoring, early warning, prevention and control and disposal of credit card business of banking financial institutions, and continuously strengthen the extended monitoring and regulation of various business activities related to credit card business. In violation of the provisions of this notice, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit, and relevant regulatory measures or administrative penalties may be taken according to the Banking Supervision Law of the People’s Republic of China and other laws, administrative regulations and relevant provisions.

　　(XXXIV) [Online Credit Card Business] In accordance with the principles of controllable risks, safety and order, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has promoted the innovation of the credit card industry and explored innovative modes such as online credit card business through pilot projects.

　　(35) [Strengthening Industry Self-discipline] The China Banking Association shall give full play to the industry self-discipline function, continuously improve the self-discipline rules and risk evaluation system of credit card business, and strengthen self-discipline punishment and notification.

　　(36) This notice shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. Banking financial institutions shall, within one month from the date of implementation of this notice, formulate and submit a rectification plan to the regulatory authorities, and clarify the rectification objectives and time schedule. If the credit card business that has been started does not conform to the provisions of this notice, the rectification shall be completed within 24 months.

　　(37) [Other Arrangements] If the relevant provisions before the issuance of this notice are inconsistent with this notice, this notice shall prevail. China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission is responsible for the interpretation of this notice.

The picture shows the routine briefing of the State Council policy.

By 2035, China will become a world-class intellectual property power. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the construction of a strong intellectual property country. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a series of important instructions, and personally deployed and formulated the Outline of Building a Powerful Intellectual Property Country (2021-2035), which drew a grand blueprint for building a powerful intellectual property country. On the afternoon of October 31st, the State Council held the fourth special study with the theme of "deeply implementing the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property rights, effectively supporting innovation-driven development". Premier Li Qiang presided over the study and made an important speech, emphasizing the need to thoroughly study and implement the important exposition and guiding spirit of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on intellectual property work, accelerate the construction of a strong country with intellectual property rights, better serve and build a new development pattern and promote high-quality development. Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang and other the State Council leaders also made clear demands. At the same time, recently, the the State Council executive meeting intensively deliberated and adopted the Special Action Plan for Patent Transformation and Application (2023-2025) and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (Revised Draft) and other important documents and regulations, made arrangements for relevant work, and played a set of "combination boxing" in the field of intellectual property rights.

What progress has been made in building a strong intellectual property country? On November 8, the State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on the State Council policy, introducing the situation of accelerating the construction of a strong intellectual property country and effectively supporting innovation-driven development.

Strengthen the legal protection of intellectual property rights

Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized strengthening the legal protection of intellectual property rights and forming a basic system to support all-round innovation.

"China National Intellectual Property Administration continues to strengthen legislation and strengthen the protection of the rule of law. Timely revise and improve the legal system of intellectual property rights, fill the gaps in intellectual property legislation, and refine various system provisions. In particular, accelerate the establishment of intellectual property protection rules for new fields and new formats, and lay a solid institutional foundation for opening up a new track for industrial development. " China National Intellectual Property Administration director Shen Changyu said.

Recently, the executive meeting of the State Council deliberated and passed the detailed rules for the implementation of the Patent Law (revised draft), which attracted wide attention from all walks of life. Zhang Peng, Director of the Department of Treaty and Law of China National Intellectual Property Administration, introduced that this revision has implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on strengthening intellectual property protection, and further improved the level of patent creation, utilization, protection, management and service in China. At the same time, this revision also highlights the characteristics of refining and perfecting relevant systems in accordance with the revised patent law, maintaining the consistency and stability of the patent system, making a good connection with relevant international treaties that China has joined, actively implementing international treaty obligations, and further integrating into international rules.

"Specifically, the revision mainly involves five aspects. First, improve the patent application system to facilitate applicants and innovative subjects; The second is to improve the patent examination system and improve the quality of patent examination; Third, strengthen patent administrative protection and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of patentees; Fourth, strengthen patent public service and promote the transformation and application of patents; The fifth is to add special provisions for international applications for design and strengthen the connection with The Hague Agreement. " Zhang Peng said.

The fourth revision of the Patent Law added the relevant provisions that the patent administrative department of the State Council can handle patent infringement disputes with great influence in the whole country. In June, 2021, China National Intellectual Property Administration issued the Measures for Administrative Adjudication of Major Patent Infringement Disputes and the announcement of accepting cases, and officially started the administrative adjudication of major patent infringement disputes.

At the briefing, Zhang Zhicheng, Director of the Intellectual Property Protection Department of China National Intellectual Property Administration, introduced the latest progress in this work. Up to now, China National Intellectual Property Administration has accepted and concluded two batches of 12 administrative adjudication cases of major patent infringement disputes. This year, China National Intellectual Property Administration handled the second batch of 10 cases involving standard essential patents in the field of information and communication according to laws and regulations, and finally the two parties involved reached a patent cross-licensing agreement, and the cases were closed according to law.

Explore the rules of data intellectual property protection

Data is called "new energy" in the information age, and it has become an important production factor alongside traditional factors such as land, capital and technology. China is a big country with data resources and digital economy. In 2022, the scale of digital economy has reached 50.2 trillion yuan, accounting for 41.5% of GDP, ranking second in the world.

In order to strengthen the protection of data resources, in recent years, China National Intellectual Property Administration has actively carried out research and pilot work on data intellectual property protection rules, and achieved remarkable results. "China National Intellectual Property Administration Research has put forward the basic principle of’ four sufficiency’ in constructing data intellectual property protection rules. First, give full consideration to data security, public interests and personal privacy; Second, fully grasp the unique attributes of data and the objective laws of property rights system; Third, fully respect the labor and related input of data processors; The fourth is to give full play to the supporting role of data in industrial digital transformation and high-quality economic development. At the same time, the study combed a series of key issues of data intellectual property protection. Including the object of protection, the subject of protection, the way of empowerment, the content of rights and interests, and the mode of application. " Shen Changyu introduced.

At present, China has carried out data intellectual property pilot projects in eight provinces and cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong and Shenzhen, and has issued more than 2,000 data intellectual property registration certificates to business entities.

From the perspective of the innovation and development of digital economy, China’s patent creation and reserves have been continuously strengthened. "Invention patents in the core industries of the digital economy have grown rapidly. In 2022, the number of invention patents granted in the core industries of domestic digital economy reached 296,000, accounting for 42.6% of the total number of invention patents granted in China. " Ge Shu, deputy director of the China National Intellectual Property Administration Patent Office and director of the Strategic Planning Department, said that in the next step, China National Intellectual Property Administration will continuously build and improve the rules system of intellectual property rights adapted to new technologies around industrial transformation and upgrading, continuously improve the efficiency of the transformation and application of intellectual property rights, and provide more powerful support for the digital transformation of the economy and society.

Empowering the development of private manufacturing industry

Manufacturing industry is the pillar industry of the country, and private enterprises are an important force to promote the development of manufacturing industry. Solid and powerful intellectual property work is empowering the development of private manufacturing and promoting the development of the real economy.

"China National Intellectual Property Administration promotes the precise docking of universities, scientific research institutions and private enterprises, strengthens the supply of patented technology, helps enterprises to develop new products, and enhances the confidence of innovative subjects in investing in manufacturing. Since last year, we have organized 22 provinces to carry out pilot projects for patent opening licenses, and nearly 10,000 licenses have been reached. " Shen Changyu introduced.

He introduced that China National Intellectual Property Administration has established a full chain intellectual property protection mechanism for private enterprises, from technology research and development to product manufacturing to market operation, so that private enterprises can dare to invest and operate with peace of mind. We will continue to improve the rapid collaborative protection system of intellectual property rights and the network of rights protection assistance to provide private enterprises with convenient, efficient and low-cost channels for rights protection. At the same time, China National Intellectual Property Administration cooperated closely with large state-owned banks to coordinate the launch of intellectual property financial products, and effectively increased the intellectual property financing support for private manufacturing enterprises. In the first three quarters of this year, the national patent and trademark pledge financing amounted to 495.03 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 52.9%. Among them, inclusive pledge projects with a financing amount of less than 10 million yuan accounted for 71.6%, benefiting 18,000 small and medium-sized enterprises, with a year-on-year increase of 41.7%.

"In the next step, China National Intellectual Property Administration will take the special action of patent transformation and application as an opportunity to further improve policies, strengthen protection and optimize services with relevant departments, especially to promote the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises through patent industrialization, cultivate and promote patent-intensive products, and promote private manufacturing. Investment in the field will better help the development of the real economy." Shen Changyu said. (Reporter CoCo WU)