Original title: Subject three is popular all over the world, and Yang li Ping’s team jumped into subject three and caused controversy. Netizens have mixed opinions on this.

Recently, an online popular dance named "Subject III" not only exploded the domestic short video platform, but also spread all over the country, and even went abroad and became a global phenomenal dance.

The dance step of "Subject III" originated from the wedding in Guangxi, mainly because relatives and friends "get married" at the wedding. It is similar to social shaking, and has become very popular after improvement. Therefore, "three subjects that Guangxi people must take" has been derived, and subject three is this set of small dance steps.

Rhythmic background music, coupled with waving hands, twisting waist, swinging hips, and half-twisted foot movements, attracted all ages and industries to imitate each other. And in November, 2023, bloggers "eat eight bowls of rice at a time" and "shut your tomatoes" brought it to the forefront, which attracted the attention of netizens, and "subject three" was completely out of the circle.

"Subject 3" ordinary people are jumping, and so are the stars. Before, Zhu Zixiao had danced "Subject 3" with the staff in Haidilao, and the related videos had a high popularity. Then when Ruoyun Zhang was promoting his new work, he was also cued by the audience and jumped up "Subject 3" on the spot.

Not long ago, in Reuters, Laos station of Five Ha 4, Lu Han Michael Chen also led a group of guests to dance "Subject III", which was hilarious and funny, and was also teased by netizens that "at first glance, there was no less secret practice".

With the popularity of "subject three", more and more people have joined the challenge of "subject three". The world ballroom dancing champion took the lead in jumping "Subject 3", the Royal Russian Ballet jumped "Subject 3" at the curtain call, and the fitness blogger Pamela claimed that "Subject 3 is popular all over the world in Germany", and formally applied for the battle with her brother and danced the fitness version of "Subject 3" together. From this point of view, "subject three" is already popular all over the world.

Recently, after the performance, Yang li Ping’s team also collectively returned to the stage and danced "Subject 3". However, this incident triggered a hot discussion on the whole network, and some netizens commented that "the world is a huge subject 3".

For the current "subject three" fire, netizens’ comments are mixed. Some people think that this is a cultural export. In those days, "Jiangnan style" was popular all over the world. Why can’t "Subject III" be widely popular now?

However, some people say that they can’t appreciate the dance of "Subject III", saying that its dance movements are vulgar and I don’t know why it is popular.

In fact, there is no distinction between high and low performances. Some things are reasonable when they exist. If you like them, you can join them, and if you don’t like them, you can brush them lightly. There is no need to think that you are standing on the moral high ground to make irresponsible remarks.

Because of the popularity of "Subject III" all over the world, it has been reported that "Subject III" is about to board this year’s Spring Festival Evening, and many actors are stepping up their practice. What do you think of this?

Editor in charge:

　　On May 19th, the "Global Super Safe Smart New Energy Flagship Car" released the domestic pre-sale price, including three EV models and one DM model. After the national comprehensive subsidy, the pre-sale price of the luxury version of Han EV is 240,000 yuan, the pre-sale price of the distinguished version of Han EV is 260,000 yuan, and the pre-sale price of the flagship version of Han EV four-wheel drive high-performance version is 280,000 yuan; Han DM four-wheel drive performance version of the luxury pre-sale price of 230 thousand yuan. The cruising range of the luxury and distinguished NEDC of the Han EV long battery life version is 605 kilometers, and the cruising range of the high-performance flagship NEDC of the Han EV four-wheel drive is 550 kilometers.

　　On May 13th, BYD announced the launch of Han EV in Europe. The estimated price range in Europe is 45,000-55,000 euros (equivalent to about 346,000-423,000 yuan). On the whole, Han’s domestic pre-sale price far exceeds the industry and market expectations, which brings great surprises and is bound to have a far-reaching impact on the large and medium-sized new energy luxury car market. Of course, the pre-sale of such a heavy model is indispensable: before May 31, scan BYD e to buy small program code and deliver 99 yuan’s intention money online, so you can participate in the activity of doubling Difenhui points; Before May 31st, the authorized dealer of Han model can pay a deposit of 10,000 yuan and enjoy a gift of 60,000 yuan for science and technology. The above two rights can be enjoyed at the same time.

　　Set up three benchmarks, and Han’s strength is in a comprehensive and balanced lead.

　　Among the new energy vehicles that have been and will be listed in 2020, Han, as a brand-new masterpiece for the medium and large luxury car market, undoubtedly has the most flagship temperament and strength. Based on the product development concept of "all-round, balanced and leading, life-cycle safety", Hanji integrates the world’s leading hard-core technology, and its superior product strength sets a benchmark for the safety, performance and luxury of new energy cars.

　　Han is the world’s first production car with blade batteries, and the battery safety performance has been doubled. Compared with ternary lithium battery pack, the leading performance of blade battery in safety has been unanimously recognized by the industry. More reasonable body structure design, load transmission path, selection of environmental protection materials in the car and safety configuration far beyond the same level products make Han the safest new energy vehicle on the market at present.

　　Han is equipped with a blade battery with high volume energy density. Combined with the comprehensive optimization of high-speed energy consumption, braking feedback, temperature control in the car and other scenes, the cruising range of NEDC can be as high as 605 kilometers. In addition, Han has also created a real long battery life closer to the real car scene and a fast charging ability of 10 minutes and 135 kilometers. In addition, 3.9 seconds to accelerate the breaking of 100 meters, 32.8 meters of the world’s shortest new energy vehicle braking distance of 100 kilometers and other powerful performance, creating an amazing performance benchmark for new energy vehicles.

　　The Dragon Face design language adopted by Han combines the dragon element with the efficacy aesthetics, and the curved surface design of the front face, the D-pillar slip back line and the through taillight design set off the luxury temperament of medium and large cars. The driving space in the car is centered on the large-size floating central control panel, and the multi-function steering wheel, full LCD instrument panel, air conditioning outlet and speakers are unfolded in a zigzag layout on both sides, showing the connotation of Chinese luxury.

　　Han’s intelligence is also refreshing. DiLink3.0 system provides multi-theme and personalized human-computer interaction interface, and builds a luxurious and intelligent S-class flagship driving space through the seamless combination of voice and screen. At the same time, Han launched the DiPilot intelligent driving assistance system, which includes the rich DiDAS driving assistance technology and the unique DiTrainer coaching mode. DiDAS includes APA full-scene automatic parking function, and DiTrainer coaching mode can selectively turn on auxiliary driving function according to driving behavior, road conditions, weather and even driving age.

　　Facing three scenarios, Han knows more about new energy vehicle users.

　　Han’s target population knows how to choose a high-quality new energy vehicle, and also has high standards and strict requirements for daily car scenes. Han also knows more about the real needs of consumers of new energy vehicles. Taking battery life as an example, Han EV not only has a cruising range of 605 kilometers, but also strengthens real scenes such as high speed, traffic jam and air conditioning, creating a real battery life beyond the working conditions for users.

　　First of all, high-speed road conditions, 70% of the resistance comes from wind resistance, Han ultra-low wind resistance coefficient can greatly reduce high-speed energy consumption, so that the heart will no longer "jump together" with electricity. Second, the city is congested with road conditions. Han is equipped with the world’s most efficient IPB energy recovery system, which can recover 10% more braking energy and "feed back" the battery life. The third is the temperature control in the car. Han maintains excellent air tightness in the car through three seals of the whole car, which can keep warm in winter and summer, effectively reducing the frequency of air conditioning; At the same time, Han adopts Fuyao’s double-layer silver-plated windshield, which can reflect 40% of the heat outside the car. In summer, the heating speed inside the car is much better than that of ordinary models, saving power consumption again and increasing the battery life.

　　Every time a new car comes out of BYD dynasty series, its reputation will go up to a higher level. As the flagship of the dynasty, Han will play the same role, bringing users a higher quality experience. What surprises will Han bring after the pre-sale price is announced? Let’s look forward to it.

　　[car home Information] On April 18th, Lei Jun revealed in the live broadcast room that after the founding version, the standard version and Max version of Xiaomi SU7 (Lei Jun called the official version) have been delivered in Beijing and Shenzhen today. According to the previous information of Xiaomi SU7 listing conference, the standard version and Max version will be delivered first at the end of April, which has been delivered 12 days in advance, while the Pro version will be delivered at the end of May. Lei Jun said that the order of Xiaomi SU7 is 3-5 times higher than previously expected, and it is already in full production to meet the delivery. Lei Jun also said that by the end of this year, 40 cities are expected to have Xiaomi car stores.

　　Previously, on April 3, the first batch of Xiaomi SU7 founding edition was officially delivered at Xiaomi Automobile Factory in Yizhuang, Beijing. Xiaomi CEO Lei Jun personally opened the door for the first batch of car owners and delivered it.

　　When the user locks the configuration, the factory starts to schedule production according to the set configuration. Consumers can see the approximate progress and estimated delivery time from Xiaomi Auto App. At the same time, before locking the configuration, you can also view the estimated delivery cycle of each configuration combination through the page. After the configuration is locked, the page can also view the delivery time.

　　At present, the first batch of Xiaomi automobile stores covers 29 cities across the country, with a total of 59 stores, which is also the first batch of cities to be opened for delivery, as follows:

　　At the same time, according to the needs of users, Xiaomi selected the following 10 cities to supplement the construction of sales and service stores, including Jinan in Shandong, Changzhou in Jiangsu, Nantong in Jiangsu, Jinhua in Zhejiang, Nanning in Guangxi, Changchun in Jilin, Guiyang in Guizhou, Zhuhai in Guangdong, Quanzhou in Fujian and Xiantao in Hubei. The above 10 cities will open one after another this year. Subsequent Xiaomi Auto will continue to add stores in other cities in time.

　　Xiaomi SU7 is aimed at medium and large cars, with a price of 21.59-29.99 million yuan. The new car is equipped with 8295 chips, which realizes five-screen interconnection including HUD and rear screen, and is equipped with 澎湃 OS system, and can be ecologically interconnected with Xiaomi. The new car is built on the basis of 800V architecture, which can recharge 510km in 15 minutes, with an acceleration time of 2.78 seconds from 0 to 100 km/h, a top speed of 210km/h and a cruising range of 810km for CLTC. Equipped with a laser radar, two NVIDIA DRIVE Orin chips, with a computing power of 508TOPS, the whole system supports high-speed NOA, and the city NOA was subsequently opened. (Text/car home Qin Chao)

□ Xu Jinglan (Chongqing University)

Recently, the Yang li Ping Dance Company and the Russian Royal Dance Company danced "Subject III", which once again pushed this dance to the forefront, and triggered a heated discussion among the public about the boundaries between dance art and culture. Many netizens have previously said that "Yang li Ping’s jumping subject three is my biggest bottom line". However, Yang li Ping’s team really jumped up "Subject 3" at the curtain call recently.

With its unique repetitive movements and magical music, the dance of "Kemusan" quickly became popular in the Haidilao incident, and its easy-to-understand characteristics undoubtedly attracted a large number of audiences. However, the popularity of this "vulgar" culture has also triggered in-depth discussions on artistic value and connotation. Many people question whether a professional art team like Yang li Ping should take part in such a "popular" performance, which is considered to be detrimental to the elegance and depth of art.

The debate between refined culture and popular culture is not a new topic, it reflects the society’s pluralistic cognition of art and culture. On the one hand, we can’t ignore the powerful influence and attraction of "vulgar" culture in mass communication. Popular cultural phenomena such as Phoenix Legend’s Divine Comedy in Square Dance, with its grounded language, cheerful melody and easy-to-imitate movements, have successfully crossed the boundaries of age, region and social class and won the love and pursuit of the general public. This feature of being close to the people and entertaining makes the "vulgar" culture spread and popularize rapidly and become an indispensable part of people’s daily life.

However, on the other hand, we should also be soberly aware that those enduring cultural treasures often contain profound connotations and far-reaching significance. These cultural forms may be classical literature, traditional art, philosophical thoughts or historical heritage. They have undergone the baptism of time and the precipitation of history, bearing the crystallization of human wisdom and the richness and diversity of the spiritual world. These cultural treasures are not only our cultural heritage, but also important resources for us to understand ourselves, explore the world, improve our literacy and enlighten our thinking.

The evaluation of art and culture should not only stay on the superficial distinction between elegance and vulgarity. Every cultural form has its own value and significance. Whether it is elegant art or popular entertainment, it may touch people’s emotions at some level, lead to thinking or bring fun. In recent years, with the rise of "fast-paced culture", people’s stay for works of art is shorter, and magical works of art occupy our eyes. However, this does not mean that the value of depth and connotation in art and culture has been weakened. On the contrary, the existence of fast-paced culture highlights people’s desire for instant satisfaction and relaxed entertainment, which is an important embodiment of the diversity of art and culture.

We need a more open and inclusive attitude in the face of the controversy over cultural elegance and vulgarity. The development of art and culture should be a process of multiple coexistence and mutual influence. Professional art teams try different performance forms, including the so-called "vulgar" culture, which may provide new inspiration and perspective for artistic innovation, and at the same time attract public attention to artistic works. At the same time, we should also encourage and support those cultural creations with profound meaning and connotation, so as to enrich our spiritual life and social and cultural landscape.

The phenomenon that "the world is a huge subject three" reminds us that no matter who jumps into "subject three", in this era of information explosion, we encourage artists and creators to explore and try different art forms and expressions bravely, and at the same time, we should create more and better works that people like. We should also face and evaluate art and culture with an open and inclusive attitude, so as to jointly promote the progress and development of human spiritual civilization.

    From October 11th to 13th, 2023, the 2023 China Mobile Global Partner Conference and the 11th China Mobile Global Partner Conference were held in Guangzhou Poly World Trade Expo, China. During the exhibition, Huawei terminals brought a variety of products to participate in the exhibition, allowing participants to deeply experience the latest products of Huawei terminals.

    Recently, Huawei Terminal has released the new M7 and Mate60 series in three key areas, namely, new energy vehicles, mobile phones and full-scene smart life, which has boosted the rapid development of the industry.

    At this exhibition, Huawei Terminal brought flagship new products, sports health, government-enterprise solutions, smart home and new M7 in the world to the exhibition. The site is divided into five sections: 1+8 exhibition area, sports health, smart home, terminal government and enterprise, and the new M7 test drive. Huawei also won two awards from China Mobile, the Best Terminal Partner Award and the Most Popular Product Award.

    Mate60 series single ride

    According to the supply chain news, as of the end of September, the sales of Huawei Mate 60 Pro and Mate 60 have exceeded 1.1 million units. At present, the industry is optimistic about the future performance of Mate series.

    The impact of Huawei terminals on the industry lies not only in the market, but also in the continuous sales of Huawei Mate60 series, which has a greater impact on the domestic supply chain. Enterprises such as optics, panels and structural parts are accelerating production to meet the market demand of Huawei Mate60 series.

    Huawei Terminal and China Mobile have always maintained close cooperation, with a high degree of cooperation in the fields of mobile phones, wearables, routers and other products, consumers and businesses, as well as number card business and consumer stickiness. This time, Huawei’s terminal exhibition area also has a terminal government and enterprise area for the live audience to experience, and continue to empower the industry in the field of secure instant messaging with partners.

    Ask the new M7 to turn the tide.

    As the star SKU of Huawei’s smart car selection, Wenjie New M7 has recently ushered in an upgrade and change. After listing, it has become the top stream in the recent auto market with its excellent product strength. The data shows that since its release on September 12th, the cumulative quantity of the new M7 has exceeded 50,000 vehicles.

    Huawei’s smart car selection, especially the series of cars in the world, has experienced a low period, which is basically in line with the current situation of the domestic new energy vehicle market. Often, the technical upgrade of new models is obvious, and then they set sail in a high profile at the initial stage of listing. However, due to the rapid technical upgrade of the industry, as more brands of new products come out one after another, the result will be a rapid suppression of old models, which will lead to the weakness of the latter, and the impact will be to force major brands to continue to invest heavily to ensure the technological leadership of new cars.

    The upgrade of the product strength of the new M7 in the world and the "increasing the quantity without increasing the price" brought by the high cost performance are also the main reasons for detonating the market. At the conference site, Huawei Terminal also set up a new M7 test drive exhibition area for customers with test drive needs to test drive. It is reported that Huawei’s deeply empowered products, such as M9 and S7, will also be available.

   Full scene, new products landing, efficient ecological experience

    This time, Huawei Terminal also moved almost all the new products from the autumn full-scene conference to the exhibition site, so the audience can experience the new products of Huawei Terminal in the first time. Huawei terminals have always had a clear category positioning for each business line, and at the same time, they have also planned more carefully in ecological positioning, further consolidating the ecological moat.

    Huawei MatePad Pro 13.2 inches has a stronger office atmosphere. The new PC-level WPS Office, combined with HarmonyOS intelligent interaction, brings a better PC-level office experience, and realizes the document synchronization between PC and mobile phone for the first time; Huawei WATCH ULTIMATE DESIGN Extraordinary Master Smart Watch is Huawei’s new interpretation of luxury industrial products. As Huawei’s first gold smart watch, this product has made another breakthrough in material technology, blending 18K precious gold for the first time; Huawei FreeBuds Pro 3 TWS headphones use the star flash technology, which improves the physical bandwidth by 4 times and the anti-interference ability by 2 times. Based on the new L2HC 3.0 protocol, it can realize lossless transmission of 1.5Mbps audio and bring lossless sound quality with super CD quality.

    Huawei’s terminal’s understanding of new products in the whole scene, while fully putting cutting-edge innovative technologies into product strength, brings a unique ecological wisdom interactive experience according to category positioning. Under the "1+8+N" system, the central position of the mobile phone is defined, and with the intelligent interaction of HarmonyOS, a number of core technologies are used as the starting point to expand and explore more functions. Huawei terminals have successfully built their own ecological moat.

"My Weibo is generated and published by Mind GPT. He is good at surfing the Internet and surfing online. I am responsible for being amiable offline. Weibo’s remarks cannot represent me personally. " Recently, Li Xiang, Chairman and CEO of LI, posted on social platforms.

Li Xiang, Chairman and CEO of LI. Photo courtesy of enterprises

The spring breeze is full of horseshoe disease, and running all the way, LI, led by Li Xiang, has been "super-class" all the way. For a long time, LI has been learning from Apple’s products. Li Xiang said in the first quarter earnings conference call in LI in 2022: "I will look at my own ability after ten years, hoping to make it the same level as Apple."

However, under the pressure of M7, Li wants to lead the team to "learn Huawei in an all-round way" in the second half of 2022. LI, led by the "crazy" Li Xiang, is running wildly in sales, far exceeding Weilai Automobile and Xpeng Motors.

At the same time, LI’s pricing is also "beyond the standard", with the product price range from "150,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan" to "200,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan", and the pricing of pure electric vehicles will exceed 500,000 yuan by the end of the year.

LI’s strategy is also rushing, upgrading from a scale of 10 billion to a comprehensive matrix organization with a scale of 100 billion. Release the "dual energy strategy", build more than 300 high-speed charging stations by the end of 2023, and expand its charging station network to 3,000 by 2025. LI is marching towards 500 billion revenue.

Li Xiang, Chairman and CEO of LI. Photo courtesy of enterprises

Sales are running wild.

"LI has delivered more than 20,000 vehicles for three consecutive months. As of June 18, LI has sold 19,800 vehicles this month, and we will hit the higher monthly sales target of more than 30,000!" Before the Dragon Boat Festival, LI was full of confidence in June sales data.

LI relies on intensive product release. In June, 2022, LI released the Ideal L9, ending the history of living on one car for four years. On the eve of the National Day that year, LI released the ideal L8 of Li ONE replacement model.

At the same time, LI’s "three children" ideal L7 was "premature". At the conference of Ideal L8, LI released Ideal L7 "incidentally". Finally, the ideal L7 came out in February this year.

With the joint blessing of Ideal L7, Ideal L8 and Ideal L9, LI’s monthly sales increased. From January to May this year, the sales volume in LI was 15,100, 16,600, 20,800, 25,700 and 28,300 respectively.

At the same time, Weilai Automobile and Xpeng Motors in Weili met with growing pains. From January to May this year, the sales volume of Weilai Automobile was 8500, 12200, 10400, 6700 and 6200 respectively. In the same period, the sales in Xpeng Motors were 5200, 6000, 7000, 9000 and 7500 respectively.

"All the stocks in Li ONE have been sold out, and the limit of weekly production capacity in June is 7,500 vehicles. The core tasks in the third quarter are: L8 and L9 return to the monthly delivery of 10,000 vehicles, and L7 challenges the monthly delivery of 15,000 vehicles. Li ONE’s inventory sales of more than 600 vehicles per week, L8 Air will all be transformed, and it is not difficult to sell more than 10,000 vehicles per month. " LI Chairman and CEO Li Xiang said.

At the same time, in June, the website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology showed that LI was officially granted the qualification of Beijing LI Co., Ltd. According to the current capacity planning, there are two production bases associated with this qualification, namely LI Green Smart Factory in Shunyi District of Beijing and Changzhou Intelligent Manufacturing Base in LI, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province.

At present, Li ONE, Ideal L9, L8 and L7 are all produced by Changzhou Intelligent Manufacturing Base in LI. Beijing Green Smart Factory in Shunyi officially started construction in October, 2021. The factory was transformed by the former Beijing Hyundai No.1 Factory. The whole project investment exceeded 7.5 billion yuan, and it is planned to be officially put into production this year. After commissioning, it will achieve an annual production capacity of 100,000 vehicles.

In pursuit of victory, LI announced in June that the first pure electric vehicle "Ideal MEGA" will be officially released at the end of this year. "I am confident that it will become the first sales volume of all passenger cars with a price of more than 500,000 yuan, regardless of energy form and body form, breaking the traditional cognition that high-end pure electric vehicles cannot become explosives."

The reason why LI can stand out among the new forces in car manufacturing is that Han Weidong, an analyst at Guosen Securities, believes that LI has adopted the dual-technology route of extended-range electric and high-voltage pure electric, which has well adapted to the needs of customers in the period of automobile electrification transformation. In the case that the problem of charging energy for pure electric vehicles still has shortcomings and cannot adapt to all travel scenarios, extended-range electric vehicles are an excellent transitional choice. It has better cost control ability and higher overall operating efficiency. Compared with the mainstream new force car companies, all business indicators and operating indicators in LI are at the best level.

Prices are running wild.

Under the rush of sales, LI’s pricing ceiling continued to break through. The pricing of the first pure electric vehicle "Ideal MEGA" will exceed 500,000 yuan.

As early as February 2021, the price range of products in LI was 150,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan. In August of that year, when it went public in Hong Kong, the LI prospectus adjusted the price range of smart electric vehicle products. The lower limit of the price range has been raised from 150,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan, that is, "strategically focus on new energy vehicles with prices ranging from 200,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan".

Shen Yanan, co-founder and president of LI at that time, told the Beijing News Shell Finance reporter that it is a fast-growing market to further define the product positioning as family-made cars. The market size of 200,000 to 500,000 yuan will exceed 5 million vehicles this year, and it is expected to exceed 8 million vehicles in 2025. We are more willing to focus on this price range. In addition, pricing is also related to the positioning of luxury smart electric vehicles.

In fact, the prices of ideal L7, ideal L8 and ideal L9 are all between 300,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan. Regarding the firm pricing, Li Xiang once said, "Many people say, why doesn’t the ideal reduce the price to less than 300,000? The same problem, consumers do not accept a good brand of medium and large SUVs sold for more than 200,000. "

However, Li thought it might be necessary to pay attention to a situation. In the first quarter of 2023, LI’s revenue was 18.79 billion yuan, and a total of 52,600 new cars were delivered, with an average price of 357,200 yuan. The average price is equivalent to the pricing of the ideal L7. At present, the sales of the ideal L7 also contribute the most.

The price of "Ideal MEGA" will exceed 500,000 yuan, or it is related to LI’s high investment. LI has previously issued a "dual-energy strategy" which includes two major directions: "intelligence" and "electricity". In June, Liu Qiang, the person in charge of power drive in LI, said, "In terms of power strategy, LI will build a 5C model with a charging time of 9 minutes and 30 seconds and a battery life of 400 kilometers, a 5C super charging network and an automatic charging robot to effectively solve the two major problems of slow charging speed and long-distance charging difficulty."

Zeng Duohong, an analyst in soochow securities, believes that the launch of new pure electric products will improve the layout of the company’s new energy vehicle product line. The L series extended range product line will match the pure electric product line launched in 2024-2025, and rely on core technologies such as 800V high voltage +5C battery +Mind GPT+ scenario NOA to help the overall sales/market share increase continuously.

Zhang Xiang, a visiting professor at Huanghe Institute of Science and Technology, believes that the competitiveness and attractiveness of the first pure electric vehicle in LI may not be as good as that of the extended-range vehicle, because the market development stage and situation are different. At first, there were few competing models of extended-range vehicles, and the market was a blue ocean; At present, there are many competitors in the pure electric vehicle market, such as Tesla and BYD.

"Now the market competition is very fierce, the growth rate of the new energy automobile industry is slowing down, and the growth of LI may also slow down. In order to maintain growth, LI should expand its product matrix, and its products should sink. It can’t just do more than 300,000 yuan, but also sink to 200,000 yuan, otherwise the growth momentum may be slowly lost." Zhang Xiang believes.

The strategy is running wild

Li Xiang has always been a fanatical fruit powder, and his products have always been in line with Apple: the doll strategy of "one configuration" is similar to that of the early iPhone with only one model; Drawing lessons from Apple’s product model, besides the Pro version and Max version, the Air version is launched.

Li Xiang was influenced by Huawei again. In June, Li Xiang wrote, "In the third quarter of 2022, the release and trading of M7 in the world directly crippled Li ONE. We have never met such a strong opponent, and for a long time we have no strength to fight back. HW’s super ability directly caused Li ONE’s sales to collapse and stop production in advance. It lost more than one billion in one quarter, and the team was disabled. I couldn’t sleep at all. Our ability was really poor, and it collapsed in the face of people’s very basic moves, which caused a large number of product experts who struggled in the front line to leave. "

In fact, at the end of June, 2022, LI’s "two children" ideal L9 was released, which was called "the best flagship SUV for home use within 5 million" by Li Xiang, and the delivery volume of LI in August of that year suffered a "waist-cutting" drop. In the third quarter of 2022, the delivery volume was 26,524 vehicles, with a year-on-year increase of only 5.6%; The company’s net loss expanded year-on-year.

In fact, the asking M7, regarded by Li Xiang as a super rival, sells for around 300,000 yuan. At that time, Huawei Yu Chengdong proposed that "the goal of M7 is still to surpass the comfortable and intelligent experience of millions of luxury large SUVs and MPVs."

In the face of pressure, Li Xiang introduced that at the end of September 2022, the company held a strategic meeting to reach a consensus to comprehensively study Huawei, upgrade the matrix organization as soon as possible, and be able to fight positional warfare and bid farewell to guerrilla warfare completely. "Our management team has bought no less than ten public books on HW. We were surprised to find that the painful problems we encountered in product research and development, sales and service, supply and manufacturing, and organization of finance and economics were solved more than ten years ago, even twenty years ago."

Determined to learn from Huawei, in December 2022, LI launched a comprehensive matrix organization upgrade with an annual income of 100 billion yuan. "In the development stage from 0-1, speed is efficiency, and the vertical organization model has helped us achieve a revenue scale of 10 billion, and we have done very well; From the development stage of 1-10, quality has become efficiency. We need to use organizational upgrading to achieve a breakthrough in the scale of billions of income and challenge the scale of trillions of income. " Li Xiang said.

At the Shanghai International Auto Show in April, 2023, LI released a "dual-energy strategy" with two directions: intelligence and electric energy. By 2025, LI will form a product layout of "one super flagship+five extended-range electric vehicles+five high-voltage pure electric vehicles", which will be oriented to a market of more than 200,000.

With the continuous high sales volume, when Li Xiang forwarded the news that "new energy vehicles are exempt from vehicle purchase tax" on June 21, he said, "Very good, and directly gave a four-year stability policy. There is no excuse for our team to achieve the strategic goal of the company in 2025. 1.6 million vehicles/year, 500 billion revenue, verified in early 2026! "

Li Xiang and LI running all the way, all the way "super class".

Han Weidong believes that it is predicted that the company’s total revenue in 2023 will continue its rapid growth in recent years, reaching a scale of about 90 billion yuan, mainly due to the rapid increase in automobile sales again. In terms of profitability, it is predicted that the company will turn losses into profits in 2023. Under the background of increasingly fierce competition in the industry, it is expected that marketing and management expenses and research and development expenses will continue to grow at a high rate, which will erode the total profit scale to some extent. At the same time, it is predicted that the company’s revenue level will continue to grow at a faster rate in 2024, reaching a scale of more than 130 billion yuan, and the profit level is expected to be significantly improved.

Beijing News Shell Financial Reporter Chen Weicheng

Editor Xu Chao

Proofread Liu Jun

On December 28th, the 4th "Make the World Love Made in China" Summit Forum was moved to the headquarters in Gree Electric, Zhuhai, which was the first large-scale event held at the headquarters after the transfer plan of Gree Electric (000651) was finalized.

When interviewed by reporters after the meeting, Dong Mingzhu, the chairman of Gree Electric, said that he was "not satisfied or dissatisfied with the scheme" when talking about the transfer of control rights. She said that the steady development of Gree Electric over the years is not due to a certain shareholder, but mainly depends on the management team. This time, Zhuhai SASAC withdrew from the position of major shareholder in the hope that Gree Electric would become a more market-oriented listed company.

Dong Mingzhu also stressed that after the transfer of Gree Electric’s controlling stake, there will be "three invariants": the integrity of society, the cultivation of employees and the protection of the legitimate interests of shareholders cannot be changed.

Dong Mingzhu, Chairman of Gree Electric　

Withdrawal of state-owned assets: in order to establish a more market-oriented system.

On December 15th, Zhuhai SASAC officially approved Gree Group’s plan to transfer 15% of Gree Electric shares to Zhuhai Mingjun. Gree Electric will become a public company without controlling shareholders and actual controllers.

Dong Mingzhu explained that Zhuhai SASAC sold its shares in the hope that Gree Electric would become a truly public company. Dong Mingzhu quoted Guo Yonghang, secretary of Zhuhai Municipal Party Committee, as saying that the government should "show up immediately when enterprises need it;" When enterprises don’t need it, you are far away and keep a clear political and business relationship. " Dong Mingzhu said that the focus of this transfer of Gree’s control right is not the withdrawal of state-owned assets, but the establishment of a market-oriented system for listed companies to operate and develop better.

In addition, the transfer of control rights in Gree Electric was also promoted under the background of the accelerated development of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. "Zhuhai is located in the center of Greater Bay Area. We have more thoughts and positioning for the future construction of Greater Bay Area and the development of Zhuhai. I feel that through this equity transfer, more listed companies will be built for Zhuhai, and (Zhuhai) will become a more market-oriented place that is conducive to the faster development of enterprises. " Dong Mingzhu said that the equity transfer is of far-reaching significance.

According to the announcement on December 2nd, the price for Gree Group to transfer 15% equity of Gree Electric is 41.66 billion yuan. If the transaction is finally made at this price, the takeover party will have a floating profit of 16.6 billion yuan by taking this 15% equity based on the current share price of Gree Electric.

Dong Mingzhu revealed that Gree Electric will build Gree Tower in Hengqin, Zhuhai, to provide some support for the development of Macao. "Although there are more than 10 research institutes and nearly 100 research institutes in Gree Electric, with the diversified development, Gree will build more research institutions. Building Gree Building in Hengqin is a platform to boost Macao’s development and provide talents for the University of Macau and Macau University of Science and Technology. "

Gree Electric launches Gree three-generation mobile phones.　　

Management is the biggest beneficiary? The team is pure.

Gree Electric’s 15% equity was taken over by Zhuhai Mingjun, and behind Zhuhai Mingjun, besides Gaoying Capital, Gree Electric management also participated in the shareholding. Some outsiders believe that the biggest beneficiary of the transfer of control rights in Gree Electric is the management of Gree Electric.

Dong Mingzhu responded that Gree Electric’s management is a pure team. In the past 20 years, it has never been more concerned about the company’s shares. It is bent on making Gree bigger and stronger, and there is no other idea. The development of an enterprise is not supported by capital, but by the innovative culture of the enterprise.

According to CICC’s report, Gree Group’s plan to transfer 15% of Gree Electric’s equity has properly arranged the interests of Gree Electric’s management. Among them, Gree Electric management entity will subscribe Zhuhai Mingjun 2.426 billion yuan, and get 11.10% of the capital contribution; In addition, the management entity obtains 41% of LP investment share (i.e. 20.3% of investment share) from Zhuhai Xianying (GP general partner of Zhuhai Mingjun), and can fully enjoy the management fee and GP income brought by Zhuhai Mingjun. The management entity will distribute 8% of the total GP income to the management and employees who have made important contributions to the listed company. The management entity obtained 41% controlling equity of Zhuhai Yuxiu (GP general partner of Zhuhai Xianying) for RMB 4.305 million, which can indirectly control Zhuhai Mingjun. After the equity transfer is completed, the company will promote the equity incentive plan, with the total amount not exceeding 4% of Gree Electric’s shares.

Are you satisfied with Gaoling Capital? Not satisfied or dissatisfied.

After Gree Electric threw out the intention of equity transfer, Hopu Investment was also very interested in this part of the equity besides Gaoyou Capital, but in the end Gaoyou Capital won.

When asked if he was satisfied with the equity transfer plan, Dong Mingzhu responded that this should be asked to Zhuhai SASAC.

There have been rumors before that the negotiations between Gaochun Capital and Gree management were not smooth. Dong Mingzhu responded: "Any negotiation is not smooth. If it is smooth, it will not be called negotiation." When asked if she was satisfied with the plan, Dong Mingzhu responded: "It is not satisfied or dissatisfied."

When asked how Gree Electric will cooperate or collaborate with its new shareholder, Gaoyan Capital, Dong Mingzhu replied that "at least I don’t see it now", and she further said, "If one capital can solve the problems of enterprises, how can we see that so many capitals are exploding today? Therefore, it is not a capital to support the development of enterprises, but the innovation of enterprises to support development. "

Gree Electric business segment readjusted.

Throw out the new strategy of "Internet of Everything" Gree mobile phone released for three generations.

On the same day, Gree Electric released the "Internet of Everything" strategy, and for the first time demonstrated a complete set of intelligent connected home appliances controlled by intelligent voice.

Gree staff demonstrated how to control refrigerators, washing machines, rice cookers, range hoods and other household appliances by voice with Gree IOT air conditioners and Gree IOT mobile phones as entrances.

Dong Mingzhu also personally released Gree Electric’s third-generation smart phone at the scene. On-site PPT shows that Gree’s third-generation mobile phone adopts a 5.99-inch full HD full screen, emphasizes the night shooting algorithm in taking photos, has intelligent IOT buttons, and controls household appliances by voice.

Dong Mingzhu said that every Gree third-generation mobile phone can directly open the "micro store in Dong Mingzhu". "With Gree’s mobile phone, you should buy Gree’s products, otherwise I will remember you."

There are also many controversies about Gree making mobile phones, but from Gree Electric, mobile phones are just an entrance to Gree’s smart home strategy.

Gree Electric has also publicly released four international leading technologies that have been identified-key technologies and applications of rare earth-free reluctance main drive motor system for new energy buses, high-efficiency reluctance variable frequency scroll compressor technology, high-performance linear servo motor and driver, and high-efficiency pneumatic suspension centrifugal compressor.

The latest information displayed in Gree Electric Exhibition Hall shows that Gree Electric’s business has been re-divided into two parts, one is consumption and the other is industry. Previously, Gree Electric’s four business segments included air conditioning, household appliances, communications and intelligent equipment. This also means that the first three sectors are now merged into the consumer sector, highlighting the overall smart home; Intelligent equipment has expanded into the industrial field.

Dong Mingzhu also confirmed the adjustment of the company’s business sector in the interview. She said that the consumer sector is the business that Gree started, and the industrial sector is the heavy weapon of the country. There is no conflict between the two. "Without high-end equipment, you can’t make perfect consumer products, and you won’t be biased."

Source | Cyberblue

Contributed by | Fu Qingzhu

How to break the industry difficulties when the signal of centralized collection of Chinese patent medicines comes out?

On August 9, 2021, the National Medical Insurance Bureau issued the Reply of the National Medical Insurance Bureau to Recommendation No.4126 of the Fourth Session of the 13th National People’s Congress, stating that "on the basis of improving the quality evaluation standards of Chinese patent medicines and formula granules, we will adhere to quality priority, take clinical demand as the guide, and start with high-priced and large-quantity varieties to scientifically and steadily promote the centralized procurement reform of Chinese patent medicines and formula granules".

The introduction of this reply means that the procurement of Chinese patent medicines and even granules has been put on the agenda. However, as the first batch of people in China who participated in centralized drug bidding and purchasing and engaged in big data research of traditional Chinese medicine for a long time, the author is not optimistic about the procurement of traditional Chinese medicine in the short term.

Say so, we might as well stroke the train of thought:

01

What is the quantity purchase of traditional Chinese medicine?

"Drug procurement with quantity" refers to defining the procurement quantity when bidding or negotiation is carried out in the process of centralized drug procurement, so that enterprises can quote according to the specific quantity. This procurement method is also the goal that China has been striving to achieve for many years. In fact, this method is also an upgraded version of the centralized bidding and purchasing of drugs in medical institutions nationwide since 2000, which is no stranger to the vast number of pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers at home and abroad. However, it is really a new thing for domestic Chinese medicine production enterprises, especially Chinese medicine decoction pieces enterprises.

Let’s start with the following basic definitions of popular science:

First, which Chinese medicines can be included in the quantity procurement? The "traditional Chinese medicine" that can be included in the quantity procurement mainly includes Chinese patent medicines and Chinese herbal pieces (including new-type pieces and formula granules) used in clinical practice in medical institutions.

Second, what is quantity procurement? Procurement with quantity is relative to centralized procurement, which can be understood as large-scale "group purchase" or "group purchase", that is, many hospitals form a "procurement consortium" to conduct similar "group purchase". At present, in areas where quantity procurement is implemented, the purchased products need to account for 60%-70% of the total usage, which is equivalent to a big "group purchase". Purchase with quantity, specify the purchase quantity, and the manufacturer will quote and negotiate, and the lowest price will win the bid. Enterprises can reduce the price of purchased drugs and increase the market share of products through market-oriented bidding with quantity, which is beneficial to both supply and demand sides and drug users.

Third, which institutions can carry out centralized procurement and quantity procurement? At present, it is mainly enforced in non-profit medical institutions under the supervision of medical insurance and medical and health authorities (note that it is not non-profit or non-profit). Social organizations such as retail pharmacies can also spontaneously organize "purchasing consortia" to carry out "group buying", which is referred to as "GPO purchasing" for short, but it is often not mandatory by policy.

Fourth, what does "4+7" procurement with quantity mean? It refers to the first batch of 11 pilot cities promoted by the state, including 4 municipalities directly under the central government and 7 provincial capital cities: Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Shenyang, Dalian, Xiamen, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu and Xi ‘an, which basically covers half of the domestic clinical drug circulation. These cities will take out more than 50% of the purchasing share every year, which has a great relationship with the market share of production enterprises and is a matter of life and death.

Therefore, once the country promotes the "4+7" or even nationwide procurement of traditional Chinese medicine, it will surely become a key event for Chinese medicine enterprises, which is expected to cause a major reshuffle of the Chinese medicine industry, and the industry must pay attention to it.

02

Why is it difficult to implement the procurement of traditional Chinese medicine for a long time?

Before answering this question, we must clarify two points:First, the centralized bidding and purchasing of proprietary Chinese medicines has been carried out around 2001, and the effect of reducing fees is very obvious, but it has not yet been included in the "4+7" procurement; Second, the centralized bidding and purchasing of Chinese herbal pieces. As early as 2001, the documents No.308 and No.309 jointly issued by five ministries and commissions in the State Council all proposed to "actively explore the centralized bidding and purchasing of Chinese herbal pieces".

However, it was not until 2018 that attempts were made in Shanghai, Gansu and other places, and the effect was not obvious; In July 2020, 12 provinces, including Shandong and Inner Mongolia, directly established a platform for the joint collection and purchase of Chinese herbal medicines, and prepared to carry out large-scale procurement activities of Chinese herbal medicines. However, the thunder and the rain are too small, and there is no more.

Why can’t centralized bidding or quantity procurement of traditional Chinese medicine products be promoted?

The apparent reason is that the overall purchase volume of Chinese medicine products without proprietary Chinese medicines is small, and the overall purchase volume of pieces of Chinese medicine in medical institutions nationwide is less than 56 billion yuan, which is only a fraction of the total purchase volume of chemicals and medical devices, and it lacks attention. But the deep-seated reason is that there are two bottlenecks, and there is no breakthrough for a long time:

The first is the standard issue.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a practical weapon of TCM, and its personalized demand is very obvious. A large number of raw medicinal materials and even decoction pieces are agricultural and sideline products, which are non-standard products. You may say that the Pharmacopoeia has the standard of decoction pieces, but that is only the minimum quality threshold, and it can’t cover the complicated and changeable commodity circulation specifications of Chinese herbal medicines at all.

For example, 280 and 380 pieces of Lycium barbarum, Ningxia goods and Qinghai goods, new goods and old goods, although they all meet the pharmacopoeia standards, can they be regarded as the same commodity? Without a unified standard, how to divide the quality levels? If we simply use the Pharmacopoeia standard to evaluate products, it will undoubtedly lower the quality level of Chinese patent medicines and granules as a whole and destroy a large number of well-known brands of Chinese medicine.

Shanghai, Zhejiang and other places are going to separate the products using raw materials from GAP base or traceability base, but everyone in the industry knows that the construction of GAP base in China is difficult to land, and the construction of traceability base is just in its infancy. The concept is bigger than the essence. Can it be used as a criterion at this stage?

At the same time, even if you establish a commodity circulation standard, will this standard be recognized by both the supply and demand sides? How to run through the whole process of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, Chinese herbal pieces, granules, production enterprises, products and demand side is a very difficult and grand project, which can not be straightened out by a single link.

The second is the price issue.　

The price problem is divided into three levels:

The first is how to define the cost of different quality Chinese herbal medicines. Origin, growth cycle, harvest time, content, appearance and processing technology will all affect its pricing. This problem is actually closely linked to the circulation standard and is an extension of the standard problem.

Secondly, the price fluctuation during the period of centralized mining. The nature of agricultural and sideline products of most Chinese herbal medicines leads to the reality that they still have to "eat by the sky". In the past five years, the price amplitude of Chinese herbal medicines in China has reached more than 18.5%. In August 2020, the same kind of forsythia was 55 yuan (kg price, the same below), and it will rise to 115 yuan in 2021; The raw land has skyrocketed from 11 yuan to 35 yuan. How do you let the successful bidder complete the distribution at the original price?

Allowing the price increase violates the rules of the game of winning the bid at a low price under the same quality, and how to accept the price increase basis? If the price increase is not allowed, the winning bidder will be miserable and it is very likely to lose money to perform the contract; If the roasted seeds and nuts add fuel to the fire and monopolize the raw materials of the winning products to raise the price, the enterprise will even lose the pants, and finally the severe consequences of "winning the bid is death" will not be ruled out.

More crucially, the higher the bid, the higher the price. At present, the principle of "bidding and bidding, the lowest price for supply" is generally adopted in raw material procurement of production enterprises, and all kinds of arrears and deduction of suppliers’ payment for goods have also existed for a long time, so as to minimize the cost of raw materials. If we really realize the so-called "genuine quality and conscientious processing" through centralized purchasing activities, and make the raw material sources and costs of those brand enterprises known to the world, we will inevitably face the embarrassing situation of "more recruitment and higher fees" due to the improvement of quality. Originally, centralized purchasing wanted to reduce prices and control fees, but as a result, the price of centralized purchasing rose sharply. Can the medical insurance department accept it? This is really a paradox.

To sum up, when designing the centralized collection activities of traditional Chinese medicine, the operators often fail to consider the complexity of traditional Chinese medicine products, especially in terms of standards and prices, and lack of fundamental countermeasures and convincing evaluation system, so there are many obstacles in the actual promotion, and most attempts eventually end in vain.

03

How to break the traditional Chinese medicine collection?

It is precisely because of the complexity of the centralized collection of traditional Chinese medicine that the procurement of traditional Chinese medicine in medical institutions has been in a blind spot or even a "gray zone" for a long time.

The so-called "high-end decoction pieces" and "selling granules with gold" such as Niuhuang, Cordyceps sinensis, Saussurea involucrata, etc. have long been an open secret in the industry, seriously damaging the principle of "openness, fairness and transparency" in drug circulation. Therefore, the centralized collection of traditional Chinese medicine must be implemented as soon as possible. But in the face of many practical difficulties, how to break the game?

The author believes that the key to the breakthrough of centralized collection of traditional Chinese medicine lies in rationalizing the industrial chain by using the big data platform of traditional Chinese medicine industry, and realizing the bottom logic of traditional Chinese medicine products from raw material production, processing, circulation to sales, thus achieving a closed loop.

In this closed-loop front-end, it is an order agriculture based on the concept of blockchain, which is directly linked to the annual orders of demanding enterprises. When the commodity codes are sold out, external capital cannot intervene at all to ensure the stability of supply prices; In the circulation link, it is the two-dimensional code traceability of the whole process; In the sales link, we encourage order agriculture and full traceability with high quality and good price, so that the traceability input of enterprises is worth the money; Finally, basic functions such as standardized warehousing and logistics and third-party testing should be completed.

In this closed-loop system, the construction of big data platform for Chinese medicine industry is very important and is the core grasper. All information such as origin information, product information, price fluctuation, employee data, supply and demand data, quality standards, etc. will be included in this big data platform, and the bottom layer will realize the whole process with unified coding.

Only after the above preparations are completed, can the centralized collection of traditional Chinese medicine have the basis for implementation, and can the original intention of the medical insurance department to raise quality control fees be realized.

I believe that the centralized collection of traditional Chinese medicine will surely make a breakthrough on this basis.

The product strategy of Baidu Zhijia business group can be divided into three major areas: car, road and line: "car" is to provide smart car solutions for B-end car companies; "Road" is an intelligent solution for urban traffic; "Travel" is a travel service for C-end consumers.

On March 14th-16th, 2023, at the 4th Software-Defined Automobile Forum and AUTOSAR China Day in 2023, Wu Changlong, a senior engineer of Baidu Apollo Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., said that Baidu’s technology accumulation in L4 field and the scale advantage of L2+ products promoted each other, and now it has realized the comprehensive layout of taxi-passenger car-urban transportation. On the technical level, the modular MCU and strong mainline software architecture can meet the needs of parallel development of different models and multiple projects on the same platform; With the support of agile development method and CICD, the output quality can be guaranteed while meeting the rapidly changing internal and external needs.

Wu Changlong | Senior Engineer of Baidu Apollo Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.

The following is a summary of the speech:

Development and challenge of Baidu Apollo intelligent driving domain controller

In the past ten years, Baidu has accumulated rich technology and experience in the field of artificial intelligence, and now it applies these leading AI technologies to the automotive field. The product strategy of Baidu’s intelligent driving business group is laid out in three areas, which are car, road and line.

"Car" refers to the intelligence of cars. ASD, Baidu’s smart car division, is a tier1 role that provides full-stack smart car solutions for B-end car customers, including smart driving and smart cabin. At present, it has provided smart car solutions for 31 car companies, 134 models and more than 7 million cars. Baidu’s car is one of Baidu Apollo’s partners, and will be equipped with the full-stack intelligent solution of Baidu smart car, which will be listed this year.

"Road" refers to smart city traffic. At present, Baidu’s smart city transportation has provided solutions for 63 cities across the country, providing efficiency for urban transportation.

"Travel" refers to providing travel services for C-end consumers, which is known as radish running. Last year, Baidu released the sixth generation RT6, which has the ability to drive automatically on complex urban roads, and its cost reached 250,000 yuan. The mass production of RT6 will greatly accelerate the scale and commercialization of unmanned vehicles.

The above businesses complement each other. Baidu has accumulated rich technology and experience in L4 field, which can provide hot start for L2+ products. L2+ products feed back L4 products with the advantages of scale, and solve the long tail problem of L4 products’ final commercial landing.

Baidu’s smart car products include intelligent driving and intelligent cabin, including small-scale in-vehicle system and software and hardware integrated solution ARC. The intelligent driving domain controller is divided into two heterogeneous control chips, MCU and SOC. MCU deployed AUTOSAR protocol station, and developed CDD and application algorithm on this basis. The bottom layer of SOC is a system, and the top layer is the hardware poke layer and the middleware Apollo OS； developed by Baidu. Further up is the various atomic ability services of the algorithm; Further up are the various application logics of the algorithm.

Next, we will share the challenges we face in the development of intelligent driving domain controller MCU software based on AUTOSAR.

First of all, in recent years, there are many projects of Baidu’s intelligent driving domain controller, and it has already faced the situation that the same hardware platform supports multiple projects and multiple models for parallel development. A project needs to maintain independent software branches, and software changes, software optimization or repairs made in one project branch are always manually migrated to other project branches to ensure the consistency of product experience. And the coupling between software modules is very strong, and the change of one software module will often lead to the change of other modules, which will affect the whole body; In addition, it is necessary to migrate to multiple software branches at the same time, and the workload of maintenance increases exponentially with the increase of software complexity and projects.

In the stage of frequent changes in the demand of intelligent driving track, the time period is very short; However, there will be no reduction in the quality requirements for output. This challenges our software architecture. We urgently need a software architecture that can support multi-project parallel development and rapid iteration.

How to solve this problem? We found inspiration on AUTOSAR. The core idea of AUTOSAR is the decoupling of hardware and software. The bottom layer realizes the software functions that are strongly related to hardware, and abstracts them into standard interfaces for the upper layer. The upper ECU and the application layer are almost insensitive to the difference of the lower hardware, which makes the AUTOSAR architecture software migrate on multiple hardware platforms.

Secondly, the core idea of AUTOSAR is the modularization of software and standardization of interfaces. AUTOSAR is divided into hundreds of software modules, and the function definition of software modules is very clear, and the data between software is exchanged with the defined standardized interfaces. When the software of one module is changed, the influence on other software modules and even the whole controller software is controllable.

Platform of MCU software for intelligent driving domain controller

Our MCU platform software architecture refers to the idea of AUTOSAR. Firstly, a set of loosely coupled software architecture is needed. The so-called loose coupling means software modularization, and the function definition of each software module must be clear. The exchange interface between modules is standardized and managed in a unified file according to the architectural method of AUTOSAR.

The second is the strong mainline software architecture. Referring to the software architecture idea of AUTOSAR, we divide our MCU software into different softwares according to the actual business requirements. A hardware platform has only one software, and a project has a separate software. The interface between is predefined and cannot be easily changed. To ensure that a set of software can be combined with different software of multiple projects.

The actual operation method of this software architecture is:

First of all, the BSW project of AUTOSAR is strongly related to specific projects and models, such as the number of communication buses, the configuration of communication matrix, the configuration of diagnostic protocol stations, the configuration of network management, etc. These configurations are different for each model. Therefore, the BSW engineering code of AUTOSAR is divided into BASE software and CDD software (including IOO abstraction of various hardware and data intervention of sensors, etc.). These modules are only related to the hardware platform and have no direct relationship with the project. The application layer software isolates the differences of signal interfaces of various vehicles through the signal abstraction module, which makes most application layer software project-independent.

In addition, there are some special software modules, such as time synchronization module. All items of the time synchronization scheme in our domain are consistent; However, the cross-domain and vehicle-domain schemes have different projects. For this kind of module, we split the software of a module into two parts for maintenance, provided that the interfaces between the software must be well defined, so that multiple projects can share one software, and different BASE software can work normally together.

Under this software architecture, the methods of software management are different. A hardware platform has only one software warehouse, and each project has a separate BASE software warehouse. Only when the software is merged can the final MCU software output be obtained. Its advantage lies in that the mainline optimization is directly effective for each project. The challenge is how to ensure that the changes on the main line are not wrong for each project, which requires agile development and CICD to ensure.

Agile development of MCU software for intelligent driving domain controller

The software version delivery of the whole intelligent driving domain controller basically follows the traditional automobile micro-model development, from the initial demand input to software design, software development, software testing and overall acceptance, and a version lasts about 2-3 months. In the big cycle, we iteratively split the MCU software version into weekly agile development cycles.

The cycle of agile iteration in weeks can also be refined to the development iteration in days. Baidu has its own set of code management tools. When we push the code, it triggers the continuous integration compilation pipeline to get the compiled results and outputs. At the same time, the system will automatically trigger to pull the latest code from the library every night and push it to the CICD test server. The test server will simulate the upper computer to deploy the software to the domain controller of the test bench, which has a full set of sensor environment and simulated vehicle environment besides the physical domain controller. After the deployment, according to the pre-set test flow, the MCU software is matched with the SOC terminal to conduct a set of systematic tests.

After the test, the server finally collects the test results, and generates an email report and pushes it to the corresponding person. When you go to work the next day, you will know whether there is any problem with the previous day’s cooperation code. In addition to the bench test, we have a lot of driving tests every day, and the data generated in the test and the problems will be uploaded to the data center, and special managers will distribute the problems and data to the corresponding module leaders. After analyzing the data, the R&D personnel locate the problems, and then arrange the repair plan of the problems into the agile iterative process according to the priority, so as to carry out iterative development of the software, quickly deploy the new output to the R&D vehicle, and then carry out closed-loop verification.

At present, automakers pay more and more attention to software self-research, especially in the field of automatic driving. Some automakers choose Baidu as a supplier of software and hardware for intelligent driving systems; At the same time, I hope to participate in the development of some intelligent driving functions.

We also have some successful experiences in the project. First, OEM will generate the document of our intelligent driving domain controller, and then build an algorithm model to generate SWC articles in AR file format. And the final C code will be generated, and the ECU document will be given to Baidu. After we import the AUTOSAR development configuration tool, we can generate the technical engineering of MCU AUTOSAR and develop the software of MCU. Then compile it into a black-box project and give it to the OEM. The OEM will add the black-box project to the code generated by them for integration and compilation. After the compilation is passed, it will do its own module test. After the test is passed, it will give their model code compilation process to Baidu in the form of a black box. Then we will do the final integration, compilation and MCU software output, complete the integration test of the entire MCU domain controller, and deliver the test to the automobile factory, and then do the vehicle-level test.

(The above content comes from Wu Changlong | Senior Engineer of Baidu Apollo Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. Wu Changlong’s keynote speech "Software Platformization and Agile Development of Intelligent Drive Controller Based on AUTOSAR" delivered at the 4th Software-Defined Automobile Forum and AUTOSAR China Day in March 14 -16, 2023. )