Recently, with the sharp drop in the national temperature, the old problem that the battery life of electric vehicles has been greatly reduced has begun to appear again, and it has been denounced by the people all over the country on the Internet, involving almost all electric vehicle brands, especially Wuling, MODEL3 and Han, which are in the front row of sales.

Among the numerous crusades, there is a Shanxi netizen whose net name is "Handsome Brother". He broke the news that he bought the Han EV with a long battery life of one and a half months, and only ran for 230 kilometers from full charge to 5% left, which was nearly two-thirds less than the battery life of 605 kilometers.

Judging from the screenshot of the post, the post has a lot of traffic, with 352 likes and 1044 comments. Many people think that the attenuation of power battery actually reaches 62%. The author also thinks this data is incredible. After reading many articles, many people have got the concept wrong.

The author has been focusing on new energy vehicles for many years, and is very aware of the three killers that affect the battery life: battery attenuation, low-temperature activity of batteries, and high power consumption of heating and air conditioning. The battery life of a series of well-known electric vehicles that have been exposed recently is actually caused by the joint action of the three.

First, battery attenuation:

At present, the technology of power battery is very mature, and the attenuation of battery in normal use is actually very low. As long as it is used according to the instructions, the natural attenuation of battery is within the controllable range, and it can almost be used for vehicle scrapping.

Second, the low-temperature activity of the battery is reduced:

The research data show that at 0℃, the capacity of Ferrous lithium phosphate power battery is only 88% of that at 25℃, which is 12% lower. The reason is that power batteries are basically lithium-ion batteries, and the activity of lithium-ion will decrease at low temperature, and the lower the temperature, the lower the activity.

Third, heating and air conditioning power consumption:

Electric vehicles run on power batteries. Apart from the controllable attenuation and activity reduction, the power consumption of heating and air conditioning can be said to be the biggest culprit in reducing the battery life of electric vehicles. Taking the actual measurement by netizens as an example, Han EV heating and air conditioning is used at about 0 degrees, about 4KW/ hour for the first hour and about 2KW/ hour for continuous use.

Understand the above concepts, and then look at the use of Han EV of Shanxi car owner "handsome brother", which is easy to understand.

Some media reported that the owner used heating and air conditioning when driving. This is understandable. In November, the average daily temperature in Shanxi is about 5 degrees. If you don’t turn on the air conditioner, your hands will be stiff.

There is another detail in the post of "Handsome Brother": "I took the car with full electricity at the end of October, and now I have rushed twice, driving a total of 744 kilometers. After reading the posting time, on November 27, everyone should understand.

According to the owner, he charged the battery three times in a month or so, with a total journey of 744 kilometers and an average battery life of 248 kilometers, which is really consistent with the last time he said that he only ran 230 kilometers.

However, I noticed another data: "handsome brother" traveled 744 kilometers a month, with an average of 24.8 kilometers a day. This data is not high, which represents the daily driving of the vast majority of car owners and is basically equivalent to the average daily driving of passenger car owners in China.

So low, judging that "handsome brother" should be an office worker, he goes to and from work every day, four times a day, driving for several kilometers at a time, and 80% is driving in the urban area.

According to the normal driving speed in urban areas, the average speed will generally not exceed 20km/h, that is to say, "Handsome Brother" ran 744km after three times of charging, and the driving time may be as high as 37 hours or more. According to the heating data of Han air conditioner provided by netizens, in the first hour, it consumes about 4KW per hour, and if it keeps driving, it consumes about 2KW/ per hour later.

"Handsome brother" always travels only 24.8 kilometers every day, and the air conditioner will not be turned on for a long time every time, that is, it is in the most power-consuming interval, 4KW/ hour.

The battery life of electric vehicles is calculated by the time, but the air conditioner is not calculated by the time. Han runs 230 kilometers with a full charge of 76KW, and it takes about 9 hours to run in the short distance in urban areas. Only the air conditioner consumes electricity, it will use up 36KW, and then subtract 5% of the battery balance of about 4KW, leaving 36KW for driving. According to the proportional calculation, the normal battery life should be about 286 km.

Because the heating and air conditioning use a lot of electricity, the battery life for real driving is only about 286 kilometers, and then the battery activity is reduced by 12% at a low temperature of about 0 degrees, which is about 250 kilometers, which is basically consistent with the actual measurement of "handsome brother".

At this point, the truth is clear. Whether it is Han EV, MODEL3 or Wuling, the reason why the measured battery life is more than half is not the battery attenuation or the battery activity reduction, but the hot air conditioner is turned on.

Write at the end:

The author has been paying attention to new energy vehicles for many years, and sincerely advises consumers who are going to buy cars. If you don’t have fixed parking spaces and charging piles, it is really not recommended to buy electric vehicles, even for the sake of licenses! If you insist on it, first of all, you will be unhappy and full of complaints. Secondly, it is also a negative harm to the development of new energy vehicles, harming others and yourself.

For car owners with fixed parking spaces and charging piles, it is not a big problem that the battery life is greatly reduced by turning on the air conditioner in winter. After all, the current electric car has a battery life of 500 to 600 kilometers. Even if the air conditioner is turned on all the time, the battery life is enough for most people.

In fact, if you have a fixed parking space and a charging pile, park your car in the garage every night, hang up the charging pile and go home to sleep. This is the correct way to turn on the electric car. If you are used to it, it is really more convenient than refueling. It takes a lot of time to go back and forth to the gas station. Under the current situation of urban traffic jams.

Easy car number author provides articles.

　　On the evening of December 17, 2013, BYD’s new plug-in hybrid vehicle Qin was officially released in Beijing. The new car is available in flagship and distinguished models, with a minimum price of 189,800 yuan. As a vehicle driven by gasoline engine and battery, BYD-Qin hybrid mode has an acceleration time of 5.9 seconds, a top speed of 185 km/h and a comprehensive fuel consumption of 1.6L.

　　Before the press conference, BYD also organized Qin’s track test activities, in which Qin’s best performance in 0-200 km acceleration was only 7.82 seconds.

　　Qin continued the design of the previous concept car, which was bolder and sharper in the body lines, and chrome-plated decoration was added on both sides of the front bumper. The headlight group was equipped with LED daytime running lights and headlights with adjustable lenses. In addition, an oval fog lamp is added to the inside of the bumper. The taillight group is also very novel. In addition to the brand and model identification, there are special signs indicating the identity of its dual-mode electric vehicle.

　　In terms of body size, the length/width/height of the car is 4740*1770*1480mm and the wheelbase is 2670mm, which is similar to BYD’s sharp figure.

　　BYD Qin’s configuration is very high, and it comes standard with remote driving function. It also adds cloud service, which can realize remote control of vehicles through 3G signals. There are also panoramic images, seat ventilation+heating and even seat memory configurations. In terms of safety, Qin is equipped with 12 airbags in addition to active safety devices such as brake priority system (BOS), ABS+EBD, ESP and tire pressure detection system.

　　Qin adopted BYD’s DM parallel mode dual-mode hybrid system, which can be driven by pure electric or gasoline+electric mode.

　　The new car is equipped with a 1.5L in-cylinder direct injection+turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 113kw and a maximum torque of 240 N m. In addition, there is a motor with a rated power of 40kW and a maximum power of 110kW to match it. BYD Qin adopted a self-developed 6-speed DCT dual-clutch automatic gearbox in the transmission system.

　　In addition, BYD also provides a six-year or 150,000-kilometer long warranty for the whole vehicle and a lifetime free warranty for batteries. The sincere after-sales service policy provides another reason for consumers to choose BYD Qin.

　　BYD Qin, which was originally planned to die a month ago, was postponed to this day to cooperate with the introduction of new energy policy. According to the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles, the purchase of BYD Qin will enjoy 35,000 yuan of state subsidies and different degrees of local subsidies. It is estimated that the actual price of "Qin" will be less than 150,000 yuan in most cities. When buying BYD in Shenzhen, the lowest price after enjoying the subsidy is only 119,800 yuan.

2023

News selection of top ten listed companies

Participate in the voting and get a chance to get a surprise gift!

11 December-22 December

"e burns on contact"

The new year is approaching, and the annual "Top Ten Listed Company News" selection of Securities Times E Company comes as scheduled. Vote and you will have a chance to take home the New Year gift package!

In 2023, China’s economy rebounded. As a "barometer" of macro-economy, the group of listed companies tells the story of China’s economic development in twists and turns with concrete and vivid business performance. Securities Times E Company has always adhered to the main position of reporting by listed companies, and is committed to providing valuable information to investors and bringing vivid and detailed company news stories to readers.

Looking back at the end of the year, what news of listed companies happened in 2023 that impressed you the most? What major events will be the most striking milestone in 2023 when China’s economy turns to a new stage of development?

Here, Securities Times E Company selects 18 pieces of news of listed companies and invites you to review the important stories of listed companies in 2023 and vote for "Top Ten News of Listed Companies in 2023".

01, the main board registration system, the first batch of 10 enterprises listed.

On April 10th, the A-share market officially ushered in the listing of the first batch of 10 companies registered on the main board. So far, all major sectors of the capital market, including the main board, Growth Enterprise Market, science and technology innovation board and Beijing Stock Exchange, have basically achieved the registration system, and China’s capital market has stood at a new starting point for high-quality development.

02. Evergrande Xu Jiayin was taken compulsory measures.

On September 28th, Xu Jiayin, the actual controller of Evergrande Group, was taken compulsory measures according to law, leaving China Evergrande with debts as high as 2 trillion yuan. From "the richest man" to suspected criminals, a number of "real estate bosses" represented by Xu Jiayin gradually declined, which indicates that the real estate industry in China is entering a new stage of development.

03, the first batch of forced delisting enterprises in science and technology innovation board were released.

On July 7th, the delisting Amethyst and Delisted Zeda were delisted, becoming the first batch of compulsory delisting enterprises in science and technology innovation board. So far this year, 46 A-shares have been delisted, and the "face value retreat" generated by investors voting with their feet has gradually become the mainstream of delisting, and the delisting system is constantly playing the role of "purifier" in the market.

04. Huijin entered the market.

On October 11th, Huijin increased its holdings of ICBC, Agricultural Bank, Bank of China and China Construction Bank. The last time Huijin increased its holdings of the four major banks can be traced back to 2015, conveying a positive signal of stabilizing the capital market. Subsequently, Huijin announced the purchase of ETF to further directly support the market.

05. Zhang Jin, the actual controller of Cedar’s "non-smoking" case, was controlled.

On the afternoon of May 7, Huangpu District Branch of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau filed a case for investigation and punishment on the suspected illegal absorption of public deposits by subsidiaries of Cedar Holdings, and the actual controller Zhang Jin was under criminal control. Among the listed companies of Cedar, Qixiang Tengda has been decoupled in advance, and *ST Xuefa said that it remains independent in business. Cedar Holdings, with the aura of "Fortune 500" on its head, has repeatedly exploded events related to "self-integration", and several investigation reports of it by Securities Times have caused great repercussions.

06. A-share repurchase wave of 100 billion yuan

The wave of repurchase of A-share listed companies is constantly emerging, and all capitals work together to maintain market confidence. Since 2023, the number of companies that have issued repurchase plans (including multiple repurchases) has exceeded 1,600, a record high; The total amount of repurchase funds in progress throughout the year exceeded 100 billion yuan. At present, the "support" legion is still expanding.

07, Ant Group was fined 7.1 billion.

On July 7, the central bank announced that it would impose a fine of 7.123 billion yuan on Ant Group, requiring it to shut down its illegal "mutual treasure" business. Taking this as a node, most of the outstanding problems in the financial business of platform enterprises have been rectified, and the focus of financial management departments has shifted from promoting centralized rectification of financial business of platform enterprises to normal supervision.

08, BYD’s 5 millionth new energy vehicle rolled off the assembly line Wang Chuanfu shed tears.

On August 9, BYD’s 5 millionth new energy vehicle officially rolled off the assembly line, becoming the first car company in the world to reach this milestone. Wang Chuanfu shed tears at the scene. He predicted that the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in China market will exceed 60% in 2025, and a number of respectable world-class brands will be born in China automobile industry. The prospect predicted by Wang Chuanfu is accelerating. Three months after the end of this activity, BYD announced that the company’s 6 millionth new energy vehicle was off the assembly line.

09. The shareholders of my music home were severely hammered for illegally reducing their holdings.

The era of "illegal reduction and self-punishment of three cups" has passed. On September 27th, Yu Fanyi and others, shareholders of Le Jia’s over-reduced shareholding, were severely punished by "no penalty", with a total amount of nearly 50 million yuan. In the same period, Xu Xiong, chairman of Oriental Fashion, who was involved in illegal reduction, was arrested. The "new regulations on reducing holdings" issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission on August 27th is reshaping the market ecology.

10. AVIC Electric Power Survey was reorganized into Chengfei Group.

The reform of state-owned enterprises continued to advance in 2023. On February 1st, AVIC announced that it planned to buy 100% equity of aviation industry Chengfei at a price of 17.442 billion yuan, which was the most eye-catching case this year. China’s most advanced fifth-generation fighter J -20 will land in A shares through this reorganization.

11. Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited and Ford cooperated to build a factory in the United States.

On February 14th, Ford and Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited reached an agreement that Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited would provide technical and service support for the production of Ford’s new lithium iron phosphate battery factory in the United States. China’s high-end manufacturing is accelerating to seize the global market, and the "new three" consisting of electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells leads foreign trade exports.

12. Dongfeng Motor cut prices on a large scale.

In March, Dongfeng Motor subsidized the price reduction on a large scale, and then this price reduction tide swept across the country, covering almost all mainstream brands, which effectively boosted the popularity of automobile consumption in a short period of time. The year 2023 is coming to an end, and it has become a mainstream consensus that the automobile industry will achieve the goal at the beginning of the year smoothly and even beyond expectations.

13. The "third arrow" of equity financing of housing enterprises will be launched again.

On June 16th, China Merchants Shekou announced that the reorganization of the company was approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, and on October 17th, it completed the listing of additional shares, becoming the first A-share real estate enterprise to successfully test the "third arrow". The equity financing channel of A-share housing enterprises has been reopened after many years of suspension, and the policies that are not suitable for the current real estate supply and demand situation are being gradually optimized.

14. Yao Zhenhua defeated Zhongju Gaoxin.

On July 19th, Yao Zhenhua, the chairman of Baoneng Group, screened the Internet. On this day, he went to the actually controlled Zhongju High-tech Research Institute but was turned away by the security guard. A few days later, Yao Zhenhua lost control of Zhongju Hi-tech, and was exposed to the embarrassing video of being beaten by unpaid employees. It is Wang Shi, an old rival, who supports Yao Zhenhua. "The mentality of the society on this matter is to eat melons and watch the fun. I feel sad."

15. The first case of Jingwei Textile Machinery’s A-share delisting without loss.

On August 29th, Jingwei Textile Machinery announced its voluntary delisting and delisted on October 26th, becoming the first listed company in A-share market to withdraw from the market without loss. Jingwei Textile Machinery did not clearly explain the reasons for the voluntary delisting, but the overdue payment of many products of its subsidiary Zhongrong Trust was worrying.

16, ask the new M7 released.

On September 12th, the new M7 developed by Huawei was listed, which won over 60,000 awards a month later, driving a series of concept stocks such as Cyrus to strengthen collectively. Yu Chengdong, the managing director of Huawei, said that he was "far ahead", which was constantly updated this autumn.

17. Zhejiang Guoxiang suspended the issuance.

On October 7, the Shanghai Stock Exchange urgently stopped Zhejiang Guoxiang IPO and carried out special verification. The company’s second IPO had attracted continuous media attention. Since 2023, there have been 213 companies that have terminated IPO review. The reform of the registration system is not to "let it go", but to fully consider China’s national conditions, credit environment and the development stage of the capital market, and strictly control the quality of listed companies.

18. Aolian Electronics "Perovskite God" was counterfeited.

High-profile teamed up with the "Perovskite Great God", but the fake "Great God" has a false resume. The stock price soared by 200%, and the final increase was completely smoothed out. The A-share market is waiting for the results of the investigation of Aolian Electronics by the regulatory authorities. Under the main tone of strengthening supervision in an all-round way, nearly 100 listed companies have been investigated by the CSRC this year. It is not empty talk to strengthen supervision in an all-round way and effectively prevent and resolve risks.

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On November 15th, official website, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, released the contents of the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products (the 377th batch) and the Catalogue of Energy-saving and New Energy-using Vehicles with Vehicle and Vessel Tax Exemption (the 56th batch), among which two Xiaomi brand pure electric cars, which have attracted much attention from the market, were officially exposed for the first time.

According to the public information, the two cars exposed by Xiaomi this time are pure electric cars, the models are SU7 and SU7 Max/Pro respectively, the product trademark is "Xiaomi", and the manufacturer is Beijing Automotive Group Off-road Vehicle Co., Ltd.

In terms of size, the length, width and height of the two cars are 4997mm, 1963mm and 1455mm respectively, and the wheelbase is 3000mm, which is positioned as a C-class car.

In addition, the public information shows that the English LOGO with the tail labels "Beijing xiaomi" and "Xiaomi" are also displayed at the rear of the two cars.

In terms of power battery, SU7 is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery, and the supplier is BYD’s Foday battery. The SU7 Max/Pro is equipped with Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited’s ternary lithium battery;

As for the motor, the motor of SU7 comes from United Automotive Electronics Co., Ltd., and the peak power of driving motor is 220kW. The motor on the SU7 Max/Pro comes from Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co., Ltd., and there are two power options: 220kW and 275kW.

Although the manufacturers of the above two Xiaomi cars are all Beijing Automotive Group Off-road Vehicle Co., Ltd., the follow-up models of Xiaomi should be produced in their own factories. At present, Xiaomi’s automobile factory in Yizhuang, Beijing is under construction. Recently, there is market news that the construction of the project is divided into two stages. The first stage began in April 2022 and has begun to take shape.

In November, Xiaomi held a closed meeting in the park, and invited related enterprises from the mobile phone and automobile supply chain, including BAIC Group. Xiaomi said at the time that the first car of Xiaomi Automobile would be mass-produced in the first half of 2024.

Now, with the real appearance of Xiaomi Automobile in the public list of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, it is also announced that Xiaomi Automobile is progressing smoothly and is expected to be mass-produced and listed in the first half of 2024 as planned.

According to Lei Jun’s plan, the first model of Xiaomi Automobile plans to sell 100,000 vehicles in the first year, and then deliver 900,000 vehicles in the next three years, "entering the first camp in the industry in 2024".

Editor: Xin Zhixun-Linzi

Lei Jun, chairman of Xiaomi Automobile, responded to "the delivery time of Xiaomi SU7 is too long" during the live broadcast today. "The core problem is that the sales volume is 3-5 times higher than we expected, and an emergency supplier meeting was held a week ago. The original planned standard version and PRO version were delivered at the end of April. In fact, delivery has started today, 12 days ahead of schedule. "

"It’s so obedient that it will automatically open the door as soon as it hears me coming to it. When I wash the car, I have to put my mobile phone far away." On April 18th, at the Shanghai Auto Show, Tang Wei, the owner of Zhiji, shared that the car is smart, but I hope it won’t automatically open the door when washing the car. Tamia Liu, co-CEO of Zhiji Automobile, responded at the scene and iterated at the fastest speed.

Intelligentization brings a lot of convenience to the car. Taking the mobile phone as an example, it can replace the function of the car key, start the air conditioner remotely, unlock it, authorize friends to drive the car, etc. When the owner approaches the car with his mobile phone, there are interactions such as flashing lights, honking horns and opening the car door.

However, just like what happened in Tang Wei, while intelligence brings convenience, it will bring some new troubles due to thoughtlessness. The interaction between Tang Wei as the owner of Zhiji and the brand has also become a vivid scene of automobile intelligence ecology. Automobile intelligent manufacturers have designed many scenes to meet the wishes that can only be imagined but cannot be realized in the traditional automobile era. In the process of using, the owner found unreasonable points, and the comprehensive data was continuously fed and learned. After investigation, design, feedback and promotion, the upgrade iteration was quickly completed.

The intelligent problem raised by Tang Wei is the focus of the release of Zhiji at the Shanghai Auto Show. The AI4M intelligent strategy announced by Zhiji takes "AI" artificial intelligence as the core, so that cars can observe, think and act like "people", and the goal is to let everyone have a dedicated driver.

In order to achieve this goal, Zhiji said that it will rely on the scientific and technological accumulation of SAIC for many years and the core self-research of Zhiji Automobile since its establishment three years ago, and at the same time deepen the strategic cooperation with Alibaba Cloud, Zebra Zhixing, Momenta and other leading forces in the field of intelligent technology in China, actively lay out the whole chain closed-loop innovation of the brand-new intelligent electrical architecture, and launch the "China Intelligent Scheme".

Zhiji believes that the AI era has accelerated the landing speed of artificial intelligence in the real world. In the field of autonomous driving, perceptual intelligence and cognitive intelligence are two key issues that need to be solved urgently. In the past few years, perceptual intelligence has received full attention from the whole industry. While improving perceptual intelligence, Zhiji cooperated with Momenta, a global head intelligent driving algorithm player, to launch the industry’s first D.L.P artificial intelligence decision planning model.

Zhiji took the lead in using deep learning to plan, greatly improving the takeover rate and realizing the driving ability like an old human driver. According to the on-site introduction of Tamia Liu, the current takeover rate is about once per 100 kilometers, and it will increase tenfold every two years. In the future, the takeover mileage will increase to once per 1000 kilometers or even once per 10,000 kilometers.

Based on this strategy, the high-speed elevated NOA (Automatic Aided Navigation System) will be launched on Zhiji L7 at the end of April. The first batch of open cities will be "Shanghai, Jiangsu, Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Lake", and LS7 will be upgraded and promoted to the whole country within this year.

By then, NOA of Zhiji can carry out dynamic path planning for closed high-speed elevated roads, and complete lane keeping, automatic speed adjustment, active lane change overtaking, automatic up-and-down ramp and other behaviors within the design area.

Tamia Liu emphasized that after completing the game calculation of active lane change and gap insertion, the driving quality is actually a highlight of Zhiji. Zhiji NOA’s driving behavior deeply learns from professional drivers, not frequently accelerating and decelerating, but making reasonable and comfortable actions to complete the instructions.

Zhiji said that the intelligent strategy with AI as the core is not just a written plan. In the second half of 2023, an intelligent medium-sized city cross-border SUV will be launched to solve the pain points of users in urban travel with intelligent solutions. An intelligent sports coupe, which is expected to be launched in 2024, is equipped with the latest Qualcomm 8295 high computing power chip, takes the lead in adopting solid-state batteries and adopts a brand-new three-electric system including carbon fiber rotor technology. The car will enter the "2-second acceleration club" and fully reproduce the F1 driving experience. The two models launched in 2025 are based on a new vector magic architecture and a modular magnetic open platform, which reconstructs the vehicle space and allows users to enjoy a subversive intelligent experience.

Upstream journalist sang Jian

Editor: Kevin·Z

Editor: Wu Jian

Audit: Mao Dan

　　The widely circulated online articles also questioned lithium batteries, including: lithium batteries are highly toxic, short-lived, explosive and harsh in use conditions; Unable to recycle, resulting in great environmental pressure … … Is this really the case? The "Verification" column of People’s Daily continued to interview many industry experts to explore the truth.

　　Lithium batteries are highly toxic and dangerous goods?

　　Response: Lithium batteries do not contain toxic substances, and the impact is far less than that of lead-acid batteries.

　　"Strictly speaking, lithium-ion batteries and lithium batteries are still conceptually different." Wang Fang, chief expert in the field of power batteries in China Automotive Technology Research Center, secretary-general and senior engineer of battery testing and application technology alliance, said that lithium batteries usually refer to batteries with lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode and non-aqueous electrolyte. Lithium-ion battery refers to rechargeable secondary battery, the negative electrode does not use metal lithium, and it works by lithium ion moving between the positive and negative electrodes. However, in daily life, people are used to calling lithium-ion batteries lithium batteries or lithium batteries for short.

　　It is understood that most of the new energy vehicles promoted in China (including pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles) use lithium-ion batteries, of which Ferrous lithium phosphate accounts for 80%— 90%, ternary lithium batteries have also been widely used in passenger cars.

　　In response to the statement that lithium batteries are "highly toxic dangerous goods" pointed out in the online article, Wang Fang refuted that lithium batteries do not produce any toxic and harmful heavy metal elements and substances such as lead acid, nickel chromium and nickel hydrogen, and are relatively less polluted. And its electrolyte is organic solvent and lithium salt, mostly non-toxic or low-toxic; However, the decomposition or hydrolysis products of lithium batteries are hydrofluoric acid and other fluorine-containing compounds, which are corrosive and toxic.

　　Liu Haojie, a researcher-level senior engineer at the 18th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group, said that the lithium-ion battery itself does not contain toxic substances, and the carbon in the negative electrode and the metal oxide in the positive electrode are basically non-toxic. Because lithium-ion batteries belong to a sealed system, they will not be exposed to these substances in normal use. "In any case, its impact is far less than that of the most widely used lead-acid battery at present."

　　Lithium batteries have short life and harsh conditions?

　　Response: The life of power lithium-ion battery can reach 2000 cycles, and the battery management system can limit "overcharge and overdischarge".

　　How long is the current lithium battery life? Will shallow charging and discharging and overcharge and overdischarge affect the safety and life of the battery?

　　"There are many factors that determine the service life of power lithium-ion batteries, including the characteristics of the system itself, as well as the manufacturing process and working conditions. A high-quality battery system and scientific system management can achieve a long service life. " Wang Fang said that according to the cut-off condition that the capacity decays to 80% and the discharge depth test of 100%, the life of power batteries can basically reach 2000 cycles.

　　"Overcharging and overdischarge means that the voltage of the battery exceeds or falls below the specified cut-off voltage during charging and discharging, which will bring harm to the performance and life of the battery." Wang Fang said, but the BMS battery management system in the battery will limit and protect it. It will limit the charging of the battery at low temperature and recharge it when it is heated to a suitable temperature. Wang Fang said that in order to ensure the safety of lithium-ion batteries, there are a series of safety protection designs from battery cells, modules to battery systems to prevent the batteries from being overcharged and over-cooled, and alarm and protect them in time in case of abnormality.

　　It is mentioned in the net that there have been media reports that "Tianjin No.18 Institute has proved that lithium batteries burn and explode in almost all projects such as high temperature and high pressure, puncture and impact, and overcharge and overdischarge".

　　In this regard, Liu Yanlong, secretary general of China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association, said that at the end of May 2014, the 18th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group was interviewed by the media, but the phenomenon of battery burning and explosion in the program was caused by dismantling the protection circuit according to the requirements of program recording, and then conducting abuse experiments. The main purpose of this experiment is to let users know about the possible dangerous situation of ternary lithium battery without protective measures under abuse conditions.

　　"The safety of lithium-ion batteries is theoretically controllable, and most of the safety problems are caused by product defects and abuse." Liu Yanlong said. "But the safety of battery cells, modules and systems alone is not enough to ensure the absolute safety of electric vehicles equipped with lithium batteries." Li Ping, Chairman of Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (CATL), introduced the current top Model— S used 7104 Panasonic ternary lithium batteries, and made great efforts in battery safety protection, including setting sensors, being controlled by battery control system, and using a large number of high-strength aluminum alloys and other materials for collision protection. With these safety designs, the probability of safety accidents still reaches one in ten thousand.

　　Wang Qinghua, a researcher-level senior engineer at the 18th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group, also pointed out that the products in the electric vehicle battery market are mixed, and the batteries produced by some manufacturers have poor consistency, and the effectiveness of the management system is not very effective. The problem of a single battery will have a certain impact on the overall life of the battery pack. In this regard, Wang Qinghua suggested that the government should improve the corresponding test and verification standards and strengthen the management, supervision and testing of the electric vehicle market.

　　Is the pollution of waste lithium batteries uncontrollable?

　　Response: Due to relatively small environmental risks, lithium batteries have not been included in hazardous waste management, but the recycling system should be laid out as soon as possible.

　　Is there a compulsory recycling policy for lithium batteries at present? Is it true that waste lithium batteries will cause great environmental pressure, as stated in the online article? Wang Fang said that at this stage, waste batteries that are included in hazardous waste management by environmental protection departments include waste cadmium-nickel batteries and waste lead-acid batteries. Disposable batteries, lithium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, etc. are not included in hazardous waste management because of their relatively small environmental risks.

　　However, when waste lithium-ion batteries enter the environment, the electrode materials and electrolyte react with other substances in the environment, such as hydrolysis and oxidation, which may cause heavy metal ion pollution such as nickel, cobalt and manganese, fluorine pollution and some organic pollution. So, can these pollutions be controlled?

　　Wang Fang said that for the treatment of lithium-ion batteries, the "Recycling Policy for Power Batteries of Electric Vehicles (2015 Edition)" drafted by the Environmental Protection Department of the National Development and Reform Commission stipulates that wet smelting technology is encouraged to treat waste lithium-ion batteries, and the comprehensive recovery rate of nickel, cobalt and manganese should be no less than 98%. "For the processing technology of lithium-ion batteries, China has always had research teams from universities and conducted cooperation and exchanges with the United States." Wang Fang said.

　　On January 8th, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Industry Standard Announcement on the Comprehensive Utilization of Waste Power Batteries of New Energy Vehicles (Draft for Comment), which intends to implement dynamic management of enterprises for the comprehensive utilization of waste power batteries of new energy vehicles, and entrust relevant professional organizations to assist in the relevant work of announcement management.

　　Hu Shuqing, chief expert and researcher-level senior engineer of China Electronics Science and Technology Corporation, said that for lithium-ion batteries with Ferrous lithium phosphate, lithium manganate and ternary materials with low cobalt content as positive active materials, due to the low commercial value of recycling, enterprises are not interested. The recycling of these used batteries must be issued by the state policy, in order to successfully realize the closed loop of the industry. At present, China has issued some policies and standards, such as the classification of used batteries, storage and transportation norms, and technical policies for pollution prevention and control of solid waste and hazardous waste, but they are not sufficient.

　　"The work of recycling lithium-ion batteries should be laid out as soon as possible." Wang Binggang, head of the National 863 Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Project Supervision and Consulting Expert Group, said that to establish a power battery recycling system, it is necessary to improve battery standardization, establish a code traceability system, implement strict reward and punishment measures, and conduct qualification management for recycling enterprises.

　　(Reporter Wang Zheng Zhu Hong)

　　The sudden entry of "giants" broke the development rhythm of the whole community group buying track, and the rules of the game changed accordingly. The industry has changed from "innovation" and "implementation" to "capital" and "subsidy". It is not surprising that the life of the same journey has walked out of an inverted "V" trajectory from rise to fall.

　　The "giants" are still involved in the track of community group buying, but the startup companies that started first were "conveniently" crushed. On the morning of July 7, Tongcheng Life (now renamed Honey Orange Life), a community group buying platform, officially declared bankruptcy. According to the reporter, its founder, chairman and CEO He Pengyu was still talking with suppliers that night. During more than four hours of talks, he shed tears several times and promised to try his best to pay off his debts, but there was nothing he could do.

　　Tongcheng Life is not the first enterprise to declare bankruptcy in the community group buying circuit, but its bankruptcy was called "the first case of bankruptcy in community group buying" by the media because of its high popularity, which caused a shock in the industry.

　　Why is the same life "sudden death"? What is the situation of community group buying now? The reporter interviewed some people familiar with the matter.

　　From innovation to subsidies.

　　The usual reason for a company’s bankruptcy is poor management, but living together — — This company, which was established in January 2018 and belongs to Suzhou Fresh Orange Technology Co., Ltd., is obviously not included here. From He Pengyu’s internal letters to employees and suppliers, we can clearly see the inverted "V" trajectory of Tongcheng life from its rise to its rapid "fall". According to He Pengyu’s open letter, it only took about a year and a half. "Tongcheng Life has achieved a front-end performance and entered a benign development stage."

　　At that time, Tongcheng Life was still the star of the community group buying track, which was recognized by many investment institutions. According to reports, in 2019, Tongcheng Life received four consecutive rounds of financing, ranging from tens of millions of yuan to 100 million US dollars. In June 2020, Tongcheng Life announced that it had completed the $200 million Series C financing. According to public reports, it was valued at about $1 billion before bankruptcy, and it can be regarded as a small and beautiful startup company.

　　In recent two years, the community group buying model developed from fresh e-commerce has rapidly developed into a new format of e-commerce industry, which provides a new way to promote agriculture and enrich farmers and attract flexible employment in cities and towns, and also attracts a large number of entrepreneurial teams. Ten Hui Tuan, Xingsheng Youxuan and Tongcheng Life are the three fastest teams, which were once called "the third group" by the outside world.

　　However, the booming community group buying market has also attracted "giants" to enter the market. Since September, 2020, Ali, Meituan, Didi, Pinduoduo and others have offered "big killers" of price wars, and "buying food for one cent" has become popular, even the vendors in the vegetable market have felt the pressure.

　　The sudden entry of "giants" broke the development rhythm of the whole community group buying track, and the rules of the game changed accordingly. The industry has changed from "innovation" and "implementation" to "capital" and "subsidy".

　　According to the reporter’s understanding, in the face of the sudden crisis of survival, Tongcheng Life has also struggled, and at the same time, it has also sought capital mergers and acquisitions. It has discussed the acquisition intentions with JD.COM, Ali, ByteDance, Meituan, etc., and even a team has settled in due diligence, but in the end it failed due to changes in the wind direction of the industry.

　　Li Ming (pseudonym), a former executive of Tongcheng Life, told the reporter, "At the end of June, Tongcheng Life also hoped to get better business data by increasing marketing efforts, and then obtain a ‘ Giant ’ The olive branch of the merger, but unfortunately it was rejected again. Later, due to the expiration of brand authorization, executives decided to start renaming and strategic transformation to make a comeback. Regrettably, at this time, suppliers began to concentrate on collecting money, which eventually led to the break of the capital chain. "

　　At present, community group buying is still in the stage of rapid expansion and growth. Meituan (Meituan Optimization), Pinduoduo, Didi (Orange Heart Optimization) have occupied the head position, and Xingsheng Optimization and Ten Clubs have also been incorporated by JD.COM and Ali. After Tongcheng Life left, community group buying has become a game for "giants".

　　After the shopping, it was a huge loss in the industry.

　　The industry is not surprised by the fall of Tongcheng life. After the community group-buying track entered the era of "giants", it became the norm to fight for prices and head rebates, and no one could achieve positive benefits in the short term, while the service innovation and experience innovation at the customer end came to a standstill, and the internal consumption of the whole industry was serious.

　　It is understood that the current profit rate of the community group buying industry has rapidly declined from profit to loss. Li Ming revealed that before the "giant" entered the market (before September 2020), the monthly sales of a platform with a volume like Tongcheng Life ranged from 800 million yuan to 1.2 billion yuan, and the gross profit was around 20%. After the "giants" entered, with the huge subsidies to consumers and the competition for "heads", the monthly revenue of the platform dropped by more than 80%, and the gross profit directly turned negative, and the whole community group buying market further slipped into the mire of losses in the whole industry.

　　The regulatory authorities have repeatedly taken measures to curb this crazy involution under the disorderly expansion of capital. In December 2020, the General Administration of Market Supervision and the Ministry of Commerce organized an administrative guidance meeting to regulate the order of community group buying, with the participation of six Internet platform enterprises, including Alibaba, Tencent, JD.COM, Meituan, Pinduoduo and Didi. At the meeting, the "nine no’s" of community group buying were put forward. In March this year, the operators behind five community group buying platforms, including Meituan Youxuan (Shenzhen Meituan Youxuan Technology Co., Ltd.), were fined 1.5 million yuan for alleged unfair price behavior.

　　But this still failed to curb the expansion of the "giants". On the one hand, they continue to steal similar "1 cent" activities, on the other hand, they seize the terminal market by greatly increasing the commission rewards and subsidies of "heads". Li Ming said that at present, the rewards and subsidies given by several giants to the "heads" of community group buying terminals have reached the highest level of 15% to 18%, basically subsidizing the platform’s own income. This is irrational competition and is suspected of disguised price war.

　　On July 8, the reporter inquired about some community group buying platforms, which not only had the activity of "sending 15 eggs in 5 days", but also had 1.25 yuan a catty of sand sweet potatoes and 0.99 yuan a red heart pitaya. On the community fresh-keeping platform, the single pitaya with red heart is from 4 yuan to 5 yuan, and the sweet potato in sandy land costs 5 yuan a catty, which is much higher than the community group buying platform.

　　Behind the shopping price and subsidies is the huge loss of the whole industry. According to public reports, in the first quarter of this year, the adjusted net loss of Meituan reached 3.892 billion yuan, and the investment of Meituan in community group buying business was about 10 billion yuan, which is expected to reach 20 billion yuan this year. In the first quarter, Pinduoduo’s gross profit dropped to 49.74%, and Pinduoduo invested about 6 billion yuan in buying more vegetables, and will increase investment in 2021.

　　Suppliers are affected by the mess.

　　From the booming performance to being forced to declare bankruptcy and exit, the collapse of Tongcheng Life is not only regrettable, but also left a chicken feather.

　　In the early morning of July 8, He Peng Yu issued an open letter through his personal circle of friends, proposing three solutions to the bankruptcy of Tongcheng Life: to protect the rights and interests of all creditors to the maximum extent within the scope of law; Make every effort to preserve the existing assets, hand them over to the court for proper sealing and disposal, actively cooperate with the government’s guidance, and pay off the debts with the company’s assets; If the assets are not enough to pay off the debts, He Pengyu promises to start a business again. "I will record every debt clearly and try my best to repay the debts."

　　It is also known that on July 8, Tongcheng Life issued a repayment plan for the supplier before starting the bankruptcy liquidation procedure. It had already paid the salary for employees in June and promised to pay social security for employees in the future.

　　Although the entrepreneurial team of Tongcheng Life tried its best to make up for it, there were still many vegetable farmers, small vendors and even large and medium-sized suppliers who failed to get the payment on time.

　　Since 2019, an animal husbandry company has cooperated with Tongcheng Life to supply eggs, and it has been owed nearly 800,000 yuan. After the crisis of Tongcheng life broke out, Mr. Wang, the person in charge of the company, came to ask for arrears. "There are hundreds of egg farmers behind me, so I have to go to the door to collect debts."

　　According to the latest situation, on July 8, Tongcheng Life has started to repay some of its suppliers’ debts in advance, and the rest will be distributed by the court after the bankruptcy liquidation procedure is started. At present, the work is still in progress in an orderly manner.

　　As of the morning of July 9, more than 600 suppliers have reached repayment agreements with Fresh Orange Technology, and the money mainly comes from the loan raised by He Pengyu and the team.

　　On July 9, Mr. Wang booked a return ticket with the repayment agreement. But next time, if the community group buying platform collapses again, can suppliers be so lucky?

　　Can Mr. Li buy a tablet computer for 25.1 yuan from the paper towel respondents? There is really no pie falling in the sky. A few days ago, a number of consumers reported to the complaint platform of the quality report that a few days ago, they participated in the activity of buying a brand of tablet computers for 25.1 yuan launched by Tmall’s "Hanzhong Manotti Store". Unexpectedly, after paying for the purchase, they received a pack of paper towels.

　　On September 10th, The Paper first asked the store as a consumer whether there was any activity of snapping up tablets for 25.1 yuan, and the customer service of the store said that "tablets don’t have 25.1 yuan"; When asked why someone took part in the 25.1 yuan rush to buy a tablet computer, but received a pack of paper towels, the customer service never replied.

　　The Paper then called the store’s Shenzhen Manotti Trading Co., Ltd., but the phone could not be connected. Entering the sales page of this tablet computer in the online store shows that the product has been removed from the shelf.

　　According to one of the consumers, Mr. Li, on August 30th, a friend shared a 25.1-yuan activity launched by Tmall’s "Hanzhong Manotti Store" on WeChat group, and he placed an order to buy a new brand T8 ultra-thin 2019 tablet. After receiving the 20 yuan coupon, he actually only paid 5.1 yuan.

　　Surprisingly, a few days later, Mr. Li received the goods and opened the package with a pack of paper towels. He applied for a refund after repeatedly reporting to the store’s customer service that there was no result.

　　The negotiation record between Mr. Jiang and the store. Together with Mr. Li, Mr. Liu and Mr. Jiang, his WeChat friends, bought the tablet computer of the online store. Liu and Jiang told The Paper that they refused the store’s refund request after receiving the paper towels and asked the store to reissue the tablet computer.

　　According to the chat record between Mr. Jiang and the customer service of the store, he asked the merchant to reissue the tablet. The customer service said that Mr. Jiang had taken a deposit, saying that if he wanted the tablet, he would have to pay 300 yuan, otherwise he would only send a gift to Mr. Jiang by courier. At the strong request of Mr. Jiang, the customer service also said that it would reissue "genuine products".

　　Mr. Jiang asked the store to reissue the tablet case. On September 9, Mr. Jiang received the "genuine" tablet case reissued by the store. He thought it was a tablet computer, but when he opened the parcel, the so-called "genuine" was actually a tablet computer "full netcom leather case".

　　The order shows that the purchased product is a tablet computer. The Paper noticed that the online shopping order of Mr. Jiang and others showed that the purchased product was a brand "T8 ultra-thin 2019 new tablet computer 12 inches", which was configured as "the official standard of mobile Unicom’s 4G+WiFi video version 32G", and the price was 25.1 yuan. After deducting 20 yuan from the store coupon, the consumer actually paid 5.1 yuan.

　　As of the afternoon of September 10th, four tablet computers were sold in the "Hanzhong Manotti Store", with prices ranging from 278 to 1010 yuan. The tablet computers purchased by Mr. Jiang and others have been removed from the shelves.

　　In the "evaluation" of this type of tablet computer page, as of September 10th, there were 4,941 comments, and it is suspected that many consumers reflected in the comments that "they bought a tablet computer and received a paper towel".

　　In the Tmall store information, the store involved was opened on August 1, 2019, and the operator was Shenzhen Manotti Trading Co., Ltd., and its business projects included clothing, clothing design, technology development and sales; Operating electronic commerce, etc.

　　Another consumer, Mr. Liu, reflected the situation of "buying a tablet computer and receiving a paper towel" to the Taobao Tmall consumer hotline. Total recall, the Taobao Tmall consumer hotline provided by Mr. Liu, said that in this case, if the consumer confirms the receipt of the goods and feeds back the empty package to the platform, the platform will consider it as a brushing behavior, so it is not recommended that Mr. Liu confirm the receipt and contact him after checking with the merchant.