[XCAR test drive original]

　 　 What are the necessary qualities for a scooter? Affordable, safe and reliable, car maintenance is guaranteed, and these happen to be the development concept of Zotye Z100. Although the appearance is very similar to Suzuki New Alto, the price is much cheaper than Alto.

　 　 As a 1.0L+5MT A00 class car, the starting price of 29,999 yuan is absolutely attractive. In terms of safety, Zotye Z100 high-profile model (priced at 34,999 yuan) is equipped with front double airbags and ABS+EBD；, which are very rare at the same price; In terms of car maintenance, Zotye Z100 has also achieved the longest warranty period of 4 years or 150,000 kilometers at the same level.

　　　　For the A00 class car like Zotye Z100, the body size is obviously not its strong point. The length, width and height of 3559mm/1620mm/1476mm can only be regarded as quite satisfactory in this class of vehicles, and the same wheelbase of 2360mm as Suzuki Alto makes Zotye Z100 ahead of its competitors at the same level.

　　　　In terms of appearance, although Zotye Z100 is very similar to Suzuki Alto, the redesigned front face looks younger than Alto. Although the front air intake grille with a small top and a large bottom is not decorated with chrome, it is relatively attractive as a whole; The blackened headlights and integrated front bumper make the front face of Zotye Z100 very dynamic. Except for the rim shape, the side shape of Zotye Z100 is almost the same as that of Alto. In terms of the rear end, Zotye Z100 also maintains a high similarity with Alto, but it is different from some lines in the shape of taillights.

　　　　In terms of interior, Zotye Z100 still maintains a high similarity with Alto in overall design. It is worth mentioning that Zotye Z100 uses a distinctive coffee interior style, which also increases the overall visual effect of the interior to some extent. Although the three-spoke steering wheel is made of rubber, it imitates the design of perforated leather to improve the visual effect of the steering wheel and feel good.

　　　　Zotye Z100′ s instrument panel is designed in two colors. What is more distinctive is that the tachometer is designed in the middle LCD screen and displayed in digital form. For drivers who are used to reading hands, it really needs to adapt. In terms of materials, Zotye Z100 didn’t surprise everyone, and kept the touch of "one hard to the end", which is consistent with the consistent level of this class. However, in some interior details, Zotye Z100 still has a lot of room for improvement, such as joint treatment, exposed screws and slightly loose air conditioning outlets.

　　Zhongxin. com, February 4th (reporter Xie Yiguan from Zhongxin Finance and Economics) "Capitalism is ruthless. When recruiting people, it is talent, and when layoffs are made, it is a data point in the database, which is selected by random procedures ‘ Lucky Goose ’ 。” The Google employee from Singapore recently received a notice of layoffs.

　　Since last year, a storm of layoffs in Silicon Valley, which spread from the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States, has left tens of thousands of employees of technology companies facing the fate of unemployment. Once "high salary" and "high welfare", now with a notice, all went up in smoke.

　　Google, Microsoft, Amazon … … 10,000-level layoffs!

　　On January 20, Google CEO Pichai announced in a letter to employees that he would lay off about 12,000 people worldwide. According to foreign media reports, the layoffs are the largest layoffs in the company’s history, accounting for about 6% of its total global employees.

　　Video: Google employees protest against mass layoffs and low wages Source: China News Network

　　When Google, known as the "Silicon Valley Nursing Home", joined the layoff team, many employees of technology companies felt the biting "cold".

　　Not only Google, but also American technology giants Microsoft and Amazon have also launched tens of thousands of layoffs.

　　Microsoft recently said that it will lay off 10,000 people before March 31; Amazon also recently mentioned that it will lay off more than 18,000 people, which is also the largest layoff in the company’s history.

　　When people are still in shock, PayPal, an electronic payment giant, announced at the end of January that it would lay off 2,000 full-time employees worldwide in the next few weeks.

　　If the timeline is lengthened, this wave of "layoffs" of technology companies began to ferment in the first half of last year and reached a peak in November last year. In that month, Twitter fired about 50% of its employees; Meta announced 11,000 layoffs; Amazon says it will lay off about 10,000 people … …

　　A Meta employee who saw the layoffs in Silicon Valley in November 2022 said, "The psychological shock is particularly strong, and I really experienced the recession and layoffs for the first time."

　　According to the data of Layoffs.fyi, which tracks the layoffs of technology companies, in 2022, 1,040 technology companies laid off employees and nearly 160,000 employees were fired. According to the data of Challenger, Gray&Christmas, an American employment consulting company, in November 2022 alone, the technology industry announced 52,771 layoffs, setting a record since the company began to count relevant data in 2000.

　　In 2023, the "storm" of layoffs is even more fierce. Layoffs.fyi website shows that in the first month of 2023, more than 200 technology companies laid off employees and more than 80,000 employees were dismissed.

　　"Although fortunately from layoffs ‘ Hunger Games ’ I survived, but it is still very thrilling to think about it. This wave of layoffs feels much harsher than the last wave. " A netizen working in the United States recently said.

　　The layoffs of technology companies have also caused the problem of foreign employees’ status in the United States.

　　Chen Chuanchang, a Chinese software engineer who has worked for a technology giant in Silicon Valley for more than 10 years, said that in this round of "layoffs", young people who have been laid off are under greater pressure. Because of their lack of qualifications, these people have no advantage in the labor market. Some of them work in the United States with H-1B visas. If they can’t find jobs within two months, they will leave the United States. Even if some companies are still recruiting, the scale is limited. Some young people find it difficult to find the right opportunity.

　　Why do technology giants choose to lay off employees?

　　In the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic, technology enterprises used to make great strides with their own advantages, and started large-scale recruitment activities. Why are these technology companies now on the road of layoffs?

　　"I was wrong, and I am responsible for it." Mark zuckerberg, CEO of Meta, told about the layoffs, "At the beginning of the epidemic, the world quickly turned online, and the surge in e-commerce brought huge income growth. Many people predict that this will be a permanent acceleration and will continue even after the epidemic is over. I think so, too, so I decided to increase my investment substantially. Unfortunately, things didn’t go as I expected. E-commerce has resumed its previous trend, and the macroeconomic downturn, intensified competition, and declining advertising business have led to far lower income expectations. "

　　Not only Meta, but also combing the reasons given by technology companies for layoffs, the economic downturn, over-employment, high inflation and high interest rates under the epidemic have become "high-frequency words".

　　"The early development of technology companies is a bit too fast, and there is a certain blindness. After excessive expansion, there may be an adjustment process; The strengthening of global control has also led to a decline in profits of multinational technology companies. " Chen Fengying, a researcher at China Institute of Contemporary International Relations, told the China-Singapore Financial Reporter that the contraction of the world economy and the tension in international relations have also affected the development of multinational companies.

　　Xu Hongcai, deputy director of the Economic Policy Committee of the China Policy Science Research Association, also said, "Although there are internal reasons for layoffs, in general, because of the global economic downturn, the days of enterprises are not good."

　　The "locomotive" aura is no longer, and the US economy will enter a recession?

　　“‘ The wave of layoffs ’ Reminiscent of the Internet bubble at the beginning of this century. " Reuters reported that from 2000 to 2003, cheap funds, high investor expectations and abundant cash flow gave birth to a huge bubble in the technology industry.

　　Nowadays, the large-scale shrinkage of many technology companies means that the technology industry, which has experienced strong expansion for many years, will face recession?

　　"At present, the living environment of science and technology enterprises has undergone tremendous changes, and unlimited expansion has also been restricted. Under the new situation, how to break through new technologies and how to expand new markets has become a new problem." However, in Chen Fengying’s view, "this does not mean that the technology industry is going into recession, but that technological innovation has reached a bottleneck stage and there must be a breakthrough."

　　As the strongest "locomotive" of the American economy for many years, does this wave of layoffs initiated by technology companies in the San Francisco Bay Area also indicate that the American economy will decline?

　　According to CNBC (American Consumer News and Business Channel), economists believe that although these layoffs are sudden and undoubtedly destructive to the affected people, they do not indicate a wave of layoffs in the economic recession.

　　Nella Richardson, chief economist of ADP, said that a more important indicator of the impending economic recession is the decrease in the employment of temporary workers and the increase in layoffs, especially in manufacturing.

　　Nella Richardson said that at the end of 2022, an index measuring factory activity in the United States contracted for the first time since 2020, and "manufacturing is usually the place where the recession begins". (End)

Abstract:The reform and development of higher education can not be separated from the high-level, professional and innovative teachers. At present, the outstanding problem of college teachers is mainly the problem of "inadaptability". In the process of teachers’ team construction, the renewal of ideas is fundamental, the increase of investment is the guarantee, and the system and mechanism are the key. Only by promoting the reform and innovation of the system and mechanism can we achieve sustainable development.

Key words:Higher education; Teachers; Development; reform

A century-long plan, education-oriented; Teachers are the foundation of education. The Chinese nation has a fine tradition of respecting teachers and attaching importance to education since ancient times. The dignity of being a teacher and being a teacher are important genes rooted in national culture. In the name of Beijing Normal University, there is "teacher training", and "learning to be a teacher and behave in the world" is not only the motto of every teacher, but also the historical responsibility of the school. Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, Beijing Normal University has fully implemented the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the important speech of "Four Haves" by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, fully implemented the Party’s educational policy, adhered to the socialist orientation of running schools, and persisted in the initial intention of running education for national rejuvenation, building the cornerstone for the prosperity of the country, cultivating talents, building the happiness of the people, and benefiting the development of teachers and students, striving to create a new situation of building a world-class university with China characteristics that is comprehensive, research-oriented and leading in teacher education. In this process, we deeply realize the importance of teaching staff, the key role and core value of teaching staff construction in the construction of first-class universities, and the problems, difficulties and contradictions that need to be solved urgently in the construction of teaching staff in colleges and universities at present.

Teachers are the key factor for the connotation development and quality improvement of higher education.

After the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development became the main contradiction in society, the people put forward new requirements for the development of education. Trees are inseparable from gardeners, and tree people are inseparable from teachers. The people’s demands for improving the quality of education are also inseparable from teachers; Training socialist builders and successors is inseparable from teachers; Moral education, teaching and educating people, and forming a clean and upright educational environment are inseparable from teachers. We need a team of teachers who are both red and professional. Teachers should not only put morality first and set an example first, but also have the ability, ability, willingness and success. In September, 2014, on the eve of Teachers’ Day, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Beijing Normal University, and deeply encouraged teachers and students to be "four haves" good teachers with ideals and beliefs, moral sentiments, solid knowledge and kindness, which provided basic guidance for colleges and universities to strengthen and promote the construction of teaching staff and build a high-level professional and innovative teaching staff in the new era.

At present, the outstanding problem of college teachers is mainly the problem of "inadaptability"

According to the standard of "four haves" good teachers, the leading role of teachers’ morality needs to be improved, and its role in some fields, especially in the ideological field, needs to be strengthened; The professional level of teachers needs to be constantly improved, and there is a gap with international counterparts in many fields, even a big gap; The social status of the teaching staff needs to be improved. In some places, the atmosphere of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching has not yet formed. From time to time, there are public opinions in the society that denigrate the image of teachers and belittle the teaching profession, resulting in bad or even bad influence. Teachers’ career development is unclear, inadequate, unbalanced and unsustainable, which causes some teachers to be depressed and lack of motivation and fail to play their due role. In a word, the current problems of the teaching staff are still not adapted to the needs of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s construction in the new era, the development of higher education in the new era, and the international education competition and talent competition.

There are many reasons for these problems in the teaching staff. From the environmental point of view, the financial investment has the problem of "seeing things but not people" in some aspects, and the investment in education is increasing, but the investment in the construction of teachers is far from enough; The investment of public funds has increased significantly, but the improvement of personnel treatment is far from enough; The total investment of funds is increasing, but there are unreasonable restrictions on the use of funds, resulting in inefficient and wasteful use of funds. From the perspective of colleges and universities, management and service are not humanized enough, and even there is a lack of respect for teachers in some aspects; In school governance, teachers’ rights of participation, information, expression and supervision are not fully implemented, and teachers’ role in democratic management is not enough; The problem of rigid system and mechanism exists to some extent, the problem of "big pot rice" is still serious, and there is no atmosphere to encourage teachers and officers to start businesses.

Therefore, among the teachers in colleges and universities, the problems of insufficient level, pressure and motivation intersect and influence each other. To improve the overall level of teachers, it is necessary to improve both the stock and the increment; It is necessary not only to increase assessment and incentives, but also to improve the motivation of teachers’ team officers to start businesses. Only by taking a multi-pronged approach can we solve the problem of "inadaptability" of college teachers and guide the majority of teachers to take teaching as their profession, be proud of teaching and take teaching as their pleasure.

To solve the problem of "inadaptability" of teachers, resource guarantee is essential.

To solve the maladjustment of teachers, resource guarantee is essential. The allocation of resources in colleges and universities is both a matter for colleges and universities and a matter for the government. The surface is the internal work of an organization, but in fact it is the result of the constant interweaving and joint decision of the internal and external environment of the organization. We must examine, consider and arrange the allocation of resources under the national strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country with talents and giving priority to the development of education, under the general trend of national higher education development and under the background of international education competition and talent competition, especially to ensure continuous and sufficient investment in the construction, development and utilization of teachers.

Education plays an important role in the continuous enhancement of China’s comprehensive national strength and international influence. China’s higher education faces international competition, which includes international competition of production factors and even competition at international prices. The competition for talents around the world has become fierce, and western countries have begun to restrict the flow of talents. In this context, to win the battle for talents and improve the level of teachers in colleges and universities, we must make great efforts to invest in talents. This kind of investment should not only introduce investment to talents, but also invest in talent training; We should not only invest in improving teachers’ quality, but also in ensuring treatment; We should not only improve the working conditions of college teachers, but also solve their worries; We should not only give them funds for their careers, but also fully trust them and give them the right to make good use of their funds. In short, in the process of investing resources in the construction of teachers, it is necessary to continuously increase investment and continuously improve efficiency.

To improve the status and treatment of teachers, the mechanism reform should be real, practical and effective.

In the construction and development of teachers, the reform of system and mechanism should be real, practical and effective. The allocation of resources in colleges and universities is inclined to team building, so it is necessary to establish and improve the income distribution mechanism oriented to increasing knowledge value and the resource allocation mechanism oriented to improving performance. On this issue, we should pay attention to solving the following pairs of relationships:

First, the relationship between career attraction and treatment guarantee.As a group of intellectuals, teachers in colleges and universities should not only rely on "money" but also consider teachers’ rights and powers. To motivate people with career means to respect teachers’ dominant position, encourage teachers to participate in democratic management, and have institutional arrangements in the school governance system; Academic issues are more decided by teachers, who are professionals. Involving the vital interests of the majority of teachers, listen to the opinions of teachers; Schools should care about teachers, get rid of worries, and let them concentrate on teaching, educating people and scientific research. It is necessary to avoid "only paying attention to money" and "only talking about lofty ideals". Teachers should not be constantly worried about money, and we should give college teachers an environment and conditions for decent work, comfortable work and entrepreneurship.

Second, the relationship between benefiting the general and rewarding the excellent.When colleges and universities introduce treatment policies, they must clarify the guarantee factors and incentive factors. Some treatment is to solve the safety needs of teachers, while others are to solve the needs of teachers’ self-realization. The treatment policy should not only ensure that the overall situation is reasonable and the gap is acceptable, but also overcome job burnout and stimulate work enthusiasm. Because many treatments are rigid, they are often "able to go up but not down". In the policy that teachers generally benefit, new "big pots" and "iron rice bowls" should be avoided; Since rewarding excellence is beneficial to a few people, the policy of benefiting a few people should be open, with high standards, transparent procedures and convincing.

Third, the relationship between horizontal orientation and performance orientation.In recent years, there have been various talent plans and titles at all levels in the field of higher education. "Titles" often represent the level of officers. Usually, teachers with talent titles are paid much more than teachers without talent titles. Most of the winners of these talent programs have real talents and practical learning, but there are also some scholars who are not worthy of the name. Some scholars who have the title of talents are sitting on their laurels and do not make progress, and their output is not high or even no output. This requires colleges and universities to reform the system and mechanism, solve the problem of inconsistency between ability and actual performance, ability and willingness, consider the ability factor, performance factor and contribution factor in the incentive mechanism, design a compound incentive policy system, and overcome the tendency of "four talents".

Fourth, the relationship between equal treatment and classified assessment.Because different disciplines have different laws, different posts have different requirements, and different industries have different characteristics; Therefore, when designing the evaluation system, colleges and universities must avoid "one size fits all" and "cutting a knife". Incentive policies should not only consider the commonness of educational and scientific research laws, but also consider the particularity of different disciplines, different positions and different levels in the selection of indicators. According to different groups, we should select different assessment indicators and set different assessment standards, such as engineering teachers and liberal arts teachers, teaching series and scientific research series, practical tutors and theoretical teachers, and so on. On the other hand, the classification assessment should adhere to high standards and strict requirements. It cannot be said that the classification evaluation overemphasizes "relativity" and relaxes itself and lowers the standards. The classification standards should also listen to opinions and evaluations from outside the specialty, discipline and industry.

Fifth, the relationship between comprehensive evaluation and highlighting key points.The overall quality of college teachers includes many factors and requirements, such as morality, knowledge, ability, performance and contribution. In daily work, explicit indicators are often linked to teaching workload, the quantity and importance of scientific research funds, the number of various awards, the quantity and quality of published papers, etc. These indicators are easy to quantify or be taken seriously. There are also some hidden indicators, such as teachers’ morality and academic integrity. These questions are basic requirements for every teacher, but they are difficult to quantify at ordinary times. Explicit indicators are not equal to hard indicators, and implicit indicators are not equal to soft indicators. Colleges and universities should not only pay attention to explicit indicators, but also pay attention to implicit indicators. Teachers should be rewarded or punished for their achievements or accidents in respect of teachers’ morality and style; Teachers’ problems in academic integrity should also be dealt with seriously.

The mechanism innovation of teachers’ team construction is based on the renewal of ideas.

The construction of teachers in colleges and universities is an important responsibility of the school party Committee. In colleges and universities, the party should firmly grasp the leading role in the construction of school teachers. The leading bodies of colleges and universities need to constantly improve their understanding, unify their thinking, make concerted efforts and implement their responsibilities. First, schools should do a good job of positive guidance and education, establish healthy atmosphere in schools, constantly form a good environment for entrepreneurs, and form an atmosphere of love for education and dedication to their posts. Second, for the construction of teachers, schools should dare to reform the system and mechanism, dare to touch the real thing, dare to overcome difficulties, dare to break the "iron rice bowl" and dare to demand the majority of teachers with the standard of "four haves", so as to achieve a balance at a higher level. Third, colleges and departments of colleges and universities, as grass-roots organizations, undertake the specific organization and implementation tasks of personnel training and scientific research, and are the "front line" and "field" of teaching and scientific research. Schools should encourage and support departments to carry out peer evaluation and peer supervision, and encourage departments to carry out exploration and reform in line with their own actual conditions. When these reforms encounter setbacks, schools should be tolerant, support departments to strengthen management and "support" reformers, and also help departments to properly handle contradictions in reform, so that the set reform ideas will not be confused and blocked by individual cases. Fourth, schools should respect the initiative of teachers, believe that grass-roots units should make experience and policies, encourage academic autonomy of teachers’ professional groups, and encourage self-education and self-management of teachers’ groups. (Author Wang Shoujun, Vice President of Beijing Normal University)

References:

[1] the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council’s opinions on comprehensively deepening the reform of teaching staff construction in the new era [EB/OL]. (2018-01-31) [2019-07-19]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2018-01/31/content _ 52622.

[2] Notice of the Ministry of Education and other five departments on printing and distributing the Action Plan for Revitalizing Teacher Education (2018-2022) [EB/OL]. (2018-03-28) [2019-07-19]. http://www.gov.cn/Xinwen/2018.

[3] General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued Opinions on Further Carrying Forward the Spirit of Scientists and Strengthening the Construction of Style of Study [EB/OL]. (2019-06-11) [2019-07-19]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2019-06/11/.

Beijing Education magazine

Special feature of 1905 film network Fulfill my wish,Worry for a thousand years,Just waiting for you to meet ……A number of new love films rushed to the beach in the past week. In the noise of crying and crying, almost no one expected it, and the word-of-mouth leader was actually a opera film.

For a long time, operas and movies have been "invisible" out of public view — — Its origin has become a knowledge point in history books, and its present situation is only presented in the nomination list of Golden Rooster Award. Except for the red model operas in memory, the general audience’s cognition of opera film is as little as the channels for watching them, let alone buying tickets in the cinema.

It was released for more than a week, and even though the box office was less than 5 million, White Snake’s steadily rising film-arranging ratio and the number of performances were still fermented by high reputation, which gave great confidence to the genre. Douban score steadily stands at a high level of 8.1, and this "love" that has passed through thousands of years has expanded a new discussion dimension for the story of The Legend of the White Snake.

A wave of 50% off, inky love.　From stage to image: aria, image and vision

Different from the general idea that opera film only takes "Zhezi Opera" into pieces, White Snake continues the whole structure of its Cantonese Opera stage version.

Between the prologue and the epilogue, the five folds that restore the original appearance of the legend are closely spread out, making famous scenes such as "Broken Bridge and Love", "Dragon Boat Festival Revealing", "Kunlun Stealing Grass" and "Water Flowing over Jinshan" become the main body of each fold aria.

As a new repertoire of Guangdong Cantonese Opera Theatre, the stage version of White Snake has made structural changes. Compared with the traditional Cantonese opera "Legend of the White Snake", "Love" is lighter in volume. Under the premise of ensuring the wonderful singing, it raises the highlights and improves the narrative efficiency.

Moving from the stage to the screen, time and space transform into a more free acousto-optic form, leaving more room for sublimation of the carefully edited aria.

In the lyric aria of love at first sight, the easy transformation of each other’s viewpoints is completed by the dazzling scene montage. From flying red in the rain to dancing under the moon, the quite smooth lens transition makes the continuous singing between lady white snake and Xu Xian decorated by Wen Ruqing fascinating.

The rotation that pushed their feelings to a climax in the moonlight made a friend of the author think of Hollywood musicals. Excluding the mentality of fans, this association is not unrelated to the breakthrough in visual effects technology and visual aesthetics.

When he was a guest on the program, Director White Snake said that in order to meet the current screen projection technology and the tastes of young audiences, the crew hired a visual effects team from Oceania to carry out adventurous visual packaging in addition to shooting in 4K HD.

According to the film results, such an "adventure" is successful and worthwhile. The fourth time, the water overflowed the Jinshan Mountain, and the urgency of dark clouds overwhelming the city between ink and wash complemented the innovative soundtrack that replaced the bangzi drums with western music elements, which pushed lady white snake’s rescue from visual danger to psychological struggle.

Traditional opera film’s lens orientation of "either panoramic view or large close-up", with flexible scheduling and composition full of design sense, has achieved aesthetic transition in the world of White Snake ink painting and painting. Although the enlargement of the big screen shows a certain texture of the shed, the rendering of the whole ink mist is still enough to make up for this shortcoming with the aftertaste of landscape poetry and painting.

From the virtual stage to the real screen, the changes made by Cantonese opera actors are not only the dilution of makeup, but also the corresponding adjustment of singing.

Accompanied by Chen Yao, a young composer, the influential new school musical form, the famous cast led by Zeng Xiaomin, a plum blossom award winner, paid more attention to life breath and emotional concentration in singing and speaking. A number of aria are not inferior to the charts, which has popular value.

The most amazing scene in the film is lady white snake, who is unwell after drinking realgar wine. He reflects his face scales in the mirror and conveys the panic that he is about to reveal himself. At that moment, the visual screen means really integrated the drama stage into the light and shadow of the times.

Drama light and shadow, a dream for a thousand years.　From feeding to rebirth: figure, blur and dream

From childhood memories of the Legend of the New White Snake to screen classics, and then to the masterpieces of the country in recent years, the story of The Legend of the White Snake, which is often seen, can always accommodate diverse image adaptation ideas. And the expressions with different colors always draw nutrients from the opera.

In addition to the most classic plain clothes of the White Snake, the most typical one is the swaying posture with the simulated snake in The Green Snake. To some extent, this is not only an imitation of nature, but also a reference to the figure of traditional Chinese opera.

As a vital layer of traditional Chinese opera, figure plays an irreplaceable role in expressing meaning on the stage. After hundreds of years of stage practice, the imitation of imitating nature has already gone deep into the essence of deduction.

If you carefully observe the posture of Bai Qing Er Snake in White Snake, you will find that no matter walking or fighting, as long as they are out of the static state, their movements follow the consciousness of streamline trajectory, and there is no contradiction within the framework of traditional Chinese opera.

When it comes to the ultimate presentation of the figure — — Among the four skills of "singing and doing beating", White Snake’s degree of reality is even more fascinating.

For the "tokenistic gesture" on the stage, the film creators not only package the special effects, but also speed up the battle rhythm by testing the actors’ "martial arts", which greatly enhances the continuity and appreciation of the images.

At present, as a kind of martial arts film which is well-known in the world, it started with the reference to the fighting posture in traditional Chinese opera.

He can be called a great director of the "literati martial arts" film, and he is the most authentic Beijing opera fan himself. In other classic films, he learned from the stage and paid attention to the artistic conception of martial arts scenes, which also greatly influenced later classics.

Even with visual effects and innovative means, the core of White Snake’s real attraction is the text of the legendary story polished for thousands of years, and the artistic style of Cantonese opera as a traditional opera in China. The traditional Chinese opera, which nurtured the martial arts genre, itself was the starting point of the birth of China’s films.

We can’t see the video for a long time, but we can also see the efforts of the film creators to make the opera enter the people’s homes in the Huangmei opera movies. The scene of the Leifeng Pagoda in Yongzheng reflects become a butterfly’s passing through the times in a moment, and it is also White Snake’s great love of feeding back the opera by means of movies.

Just entering 2024, "A stream just recruited B stream" and rushed to the hot search. Since September last year, a variety of respiratory diseases have been prevalent. Nowadays, mycoplasma pneumonia, once the "dominant screen", has quietly left the scene, and the flu has entered the market in a high profile. As the proportion continues to rise, "B-stream" has become the new protagonist.

After being infected with B-stream, many people have symptoms of leg pain. In this regard, Ding Mingming, the attending physician of Pediatric Outpatient Department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said that among the children admitted, B-stream is more prone to myositis than A-stream, mainly manifested as muscle soreness, especially leg muscle soreness. For adults, Wang Yue, an attending physician in the fever clinic of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, said that the incidence of myositis in patients with B-stream is not obvious, and systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, headache and joint pain are more common.

Li Li (right), deputy head nurse of pediatric outpatient department of Peking University People’s Hospital, is answering parents’ questions.

Visit: The proportion of infusion in children with influenza is lower than that of mycoplasma pneumonia.

At 1 o’clock on the afternoon of January 8, the Beijing News reporter visited the pediatric clinic in Xizhimen Campus of Peking University People’s Hospital. There are 4 consultation rooms here, including special needs and general pediatric clinics (referred to as "Pu ‘er Clinic"). In the corridor, there are some parents and children sitting sparsely, which is completely different from the scene of overcrowding and inability to walk in September last year.

"Children with mycoplasma pneumonia have a high proportion of infusions, with the daily infusion volume reaching more than 60-90, which is much higher than the previous volume (10-20). Many children still need to be atomized, and some even need to be hospitalized to’ wash their lungs’. Parents are particularly anxious. But the flu is different, because there are specific drugs, doctors can go home after prescribing drugs, and there are very few people staying in the clinic, which is not easy to cross infection. " Li Li, deputy head nurse of pediatric outpatient department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said.

"The flu may also develop into pneumonia, but the probability is not as high as that of mycoplasma infection because there are specific drugs." Ding Mingming, an attending physician in the pediatric outpatient department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said that influenza is easier to detect than mycoplasma, and there are specific drugs. Once diagnosed, as long as antiviral drugs are used in time, it is not easy to develop into a serious disease.

The scale of pediatric outpatient service in Xizhimen Hospital of Peking University People’s Hospital is not large, and the daily outpatient service is not much. Before the peak of this wave of respiratory diseases comes (before September 2023), one doctor in Puer outpatient service is enough. With the sharp increase in the number of children with respiratory tract infection since September last year, the hospital adjusted the doctor’s visits in time. At most, there were three doctors visiting the Pu ‘er clinic. At the peak of the epidemic of mycoplasma pneumonia, the number of registered outpatient clinics and emergency departments in pediatrics hangs 300 to 400 every day, which has far exceeded the usual number of outpatient clinics. Medical staff are often busy until three or four in the afternoon to have lunch, or take turns to eat. At present, the children with respiratory diseases in outpatient clinics are mainly influenza, among which B-stream accounts for a large proportion, which seems to be few people. In fact, the number of outpatient visits exceeds 200 every day, including about 30-40 plus signs. During the interview, two children’s families found Li Lixiang one after another.

When the child is sick, the whole family is anxious, and it is inevitable that parents will leave things behind when they take their children to see a doctor. At the nurse station, there is a thick stack of medical insurance cards. The Beijing News reporter counted 50 cards, including two medical insurance cards lost that day. Li Li said that these are all medical insurance cards that have not been recovered since September last year, and many of them were left by parents on the registered payment machine. While talking, a parent found the nurse station to look for the lost medical insurance card.

The proportion of B-stream increased, and the proportion of myositis in children increased.

The China Influenza Surveillance Weekly released by China National Influenza Center on January 4th, 2023 (December 25th, 2023-December 31st, 2023) shows that the positive rate of influenza virus detection in southern provinces increased this week, while that in northern provinces decreased. Subtype A(H3N2) is the main strain, and the proportion of strain B(Victoria) continues to increase. 110 outbreaks of influenza-like cases were reported nationwide. Recently, the proportion of B-stream has been on the rise, rising for 9 consecutive weeks in the north, from 4.2% in the 44th week to 47.3% in the 52nd week. South China rose for six consecutive weeks, from 11.6% in the 47th week to 26.4% in the 52nd week. The proportion of B-stream in China has increased for six consecutive weeks.

This point was also confirmed by the Beijing News reporter from Peking University People’s Hospital as the national influenza surveillance sentinel. Recently, among the influenza patients admitted to the hospital, B-stream has increased significantly, accounting for about 2/3, and the proportion of myositis in children with B-stream has increased.

Myositis is one of the common symptoms after being infected with hepatitis B virus. Many patients infected with hepatitis B complain of leg pain, and myositis is the chief culprit.

"Myositis is a virus infection that causes muscle cells to be destroyed, mainly manifested as muscle soreness. Blood tests will find that creatine kinase is relatively high. Both A stream and B stream will have symptoms of muscle soreness, but B stream is more prone to acute myositis. " Ding Mingming, an attending physician in pediatrics at Peking University People’s Hospital, said that the muscle soreness caused by myositis is more prominent in the lower limbs, because the leg muscles are the largest muscle group in the human body, and the muscle soreness caused by the destruction of muscle cells caused by virus infection will be more intense.

For adults, Wang Yue, an attending physician in the fever clinic of the Infectious Diseases Department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said that in influenza surveillance, two weeks ago, it was suddenly found that influenza A and influenza B began to cross, and the positive rate of influenza A gradually decreased and the positive rate of influenza B increased. At present, the proportion of influenza B in adult patients has reached about 2/3. However, compared with children, the incidence of myositis in adults has not changed significantly. "From the influenza monitoring in our department, influenza A is often the main epidemic strain in the peak period of autumn and winter, and the epidemic of influenza B will be mixed at the end of the influenza season. However, every 4-5 years, B-stream will become the main epidemic strain of the year, which may be caused by the long-term non-epidemic of B-stream and the lack of immunity to B-stream virus. " Wang Yue, attending physician of fever clinic of infectious diseases department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said.

The same is true of the infectious disease clinic in Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. According to Da Huijuan, deputy chief physician of the Department of Respiratory and Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, since mid-December, the number of outpatients with respiratory infections in the hospital has decreased compared with the previous two months, and the proportion of A stream has gradually decreased, while the proportion of B stream has increased. "This wave of B-stream didn’t grow as fast as before when A-stream was high. Most of the patients were young children, teenagers and middle-aged, but not many elderly people saw a doctor, which may be related to the annual vaccination of the elderly over 60 years old."

For the treatment of influenza, Wang Yue and Ding Mingming both said that the efficacy of the antiviral drugs oseltamivir and mabaloxavir is very clear. As far as treatment is concerned, it is of little significance to distinguish between influenza A and influenza B, because the treatment principles are basically the same. Typing influenza viruses is mainly to monitor epidemic trends.

Elderly people with basic diseases should be vaccinated against influenza in particular.

During the school flu vaccination period in 2023, some parents reported that only 8 of the 36 students in the class were willing to be vaccinated, and the parents of 5 of them were doctors.

In this regard, Ding Mingming said that the current national influenza vaccination rate is basically maintained in single digits. "Many people are concerned about adverse reactions after vaccination, but in fact this probability is very low, and the common adverse reactions are also lighter than the symptoms of influenza infection." It takes 2-4 weeks for the flu vaccine to take effect. It is recommended to vaccinate in September or October before the arrival of the flu season. If you missed the vaccination before, it will still be effective now, because the flu vaccine can last for about one year. If you vaccinate now, it may still be effective in the next flu season. "Ding Mingming said.

Why is the public’s enthusiasm for influenza vaccination low? According to Wang Yue’s analysis, the effect of influenza antiviral drugs is too good, and it takes effect quickly after taking medicine. In addition, compared with vaccination, it may be more convenient to buy medicine, which leads many people to be unwilling to get vaccinated.

In adult influenza prevention, Wang Yue especially recommends that the elderly with basic diseases should be vaccinated as soon as possible, especially those over 65 years old with basic diseases, which may cause more serious consequences. "We are afraid that the flu will cause severe pneumonia in the elderly, and we are afraid that there will be fluctuations in basic diseases after being infected with the flu, which will aggravate basic diseases, such as diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which will be life-threatening." Wang Yue said that among the elderly influenza patients admitted by the department, there were patients whose basic diseases fluctuated severely due to influenza. One of the elderly people’s asthma is well controlled on weekdays, and he can no longer take medicine. However, because his family was infected with the flu and he was not vaccinated against the flu, he was infected, which triggered an acute attack of asthma and led to respiratory failure.

Wang Yue pointed out that the World Health Organization has guidance documents on influenza vaccine, which will predict the strains that may be prevalent in the new influenza season in advance, and provide basis for influenza vaccine manufacturers. However, the predicted strain may deviate from the actual epidemic strain, which may lead to the vaccine miss target. Judging from the monitoring of influenza epidemic season this year, the vaccine strain and epidemic strain are relatively close, and the vaccination effect should be good. However, influenza vaccination does not mean that you will not get the flu 100%, because the vaccination effect depends on the immune status of people. Some people may establish a relatively good immune barrier after vaccination, which will have a better effect on resisting influenza virus, which has nothing to do with age and weight. "The flu vaccine has a stable effect and its safety has been verified for a long time. It is recommended to vaccinate before the flu season, not only for yourself, but also for people around you, especially high-risk groups, such as children, the elderly and pregnant women." Wang Yue stressed.

Beijing News reporter Wang Kara Liu Xu Image source Photo by Zhong Yanyu, Peking University People’s Hospital

Proofread Wang Xin

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 23rd Title: Let Chinese People Enjoy "Global Good Goods" and the World Enjoy "China Dividend" —— Interpretation of China’s adjustment of import tariffs on some commodities in 2020.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Shen Cheng, Liu Hongxia

With the approval of the State Council, the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council recently issued a notice to adjust the import tariffs of some commodities from January 1, 2020.

Experts and industry insiders said that the adjustment measures are conducive to reducing import costs, further meeting the needs of people’s lives and enterprises’ production, promoting high-quality trade development and opening to the outside world at a higher level, and better sharing the "China dividend" with the world and a win-win future.

Adjust the provisional tax rate of some consumer goods to better meet the needs of people’s lives

In recent years, the huge potential of China market has been continuously released, and the demand for consumption upgrading has been increasing. Effective use of tariff leverage is conducive to expanding imports and consumption, better enabling people to enjoy "global good goods" and better meeting people’s needs for a better life.

The notice shows that from January 1, 2020, China will implement a provisional import tax rate lower than the most-favored-nation tax rate for more than 850 commodities.

The reporter checked the attached table of the notice and found that many of the adjusted imported goods are domestic consumer goods that are relatively scarce or have foreign characteristics. For example, increase or decrease the provisional import tax rate of frozen pork, frozen avocado, non-frozen orange juice and other commodities.

"Temporarily lowering the import tariff on frozen pork from 12% to 8% will help increase pork imports and help meet the domestic market demand." Li Jinghui, Deputy Secretary-General of China Animal Husbandry Association, said that the provisional import tax rate has a certain implementation period and is generally adjusted annually, which is helpful for tracking and observing the domestic pig market and adjusting policies in time according to market supply and demand.

It is one of the major concerns of the people that "getting medical treatment for illness". In order to reduce the cost of drugs and promote the production of new drugs, the notice clearly stipulates that zero tariffs will be imposed on alkaloid drugs used to treat asthma and raw materials used to produce new diabetes drugs.

"It can be seen that many of the goods with reduced tariff rates are closely related to the daily life of the people, which can better meet the needs of the domestic consumer market and better meet the people’s yearning for a better life." Yang Zhiyong, vice president of the Institute of Finance and Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, said.

Advanced technology, equipment and spare parts welcome tax reduction to promote the development of high-tech industries

According to the notice, this time, the temporary import tax rate will be increased or decreased for products such as semiconductor inspection sorting and braiding machine, high-pressure turbine clearance control valve, hydraulic torque converter and aluminum valve core for automatic transmission, ferroniobium, multi-element integrated circuit memory, large-axis film raw materials, dispersion liquid for photoresist, culture medium, etc.

Innovation-driven and reform and opening up are two wheels to comprehensively improve the overall competitiveness of the economy. According to industry insiders, the adjustment of the provisional import tax rate for some advanced technologies, equipment and spare parts will help promote the development of domestic high-tech industries such as integrated circuits, aerospace, automobiles, communications, electronics and biology, and push the economy towards high-quality development.

"For example, the hydraulic torque converter and aluminum valve core for the automatic transmission adjusted this time are the core components in the automatic transmission of automobiles." Wu Songquan, chief expert of China Automobile Technology and Research Center, said that under the current situation of China’s automobile manufacturing industry, reducing the tariffs on these two products will help reduce the procurement costs of domestic independent brand automobile enterprises and enhance the competitiveness of independent brand automobiles.

In addition, the notice said that starting from July 1, 2020, China will also implement the fifth step of reducing the MFN tax rate of 176 information technology products, and at the same time, adjust the provisional import tax rate of some of them accordingly.

"Reducing the tax rate in accordance with the information technology agreement this time can promote the import of related commodities, which is not only conducive to the development of information technology in China, but also promotes the domestic industry and economic development; It is also conducive to global high-tech development and provides assistance for economic globalization. " Yang Zhiyong said.

Reduce some agreed tax rates and promote a higher level of opening up.

The Central Economic Work Conference held a few days ago put forward that "opening up to the outside world should continue in a broader, broader and deeper direction". According to industry insiders, promoting economic and trade cooperation between regions and countries is a starting point for opening up to a higher level.

According to the notice, according to the free trade agreement or preferential trade arrangement signed between China and relevant countries or regions, in 2020, China will continue to implement the agreed tax rate on some commodities originating in 23 countries or regions. Among them, the free trade agreements between China and New Zealand, Peru, Costa Rica, Switzerland, Iceland, Singapore, Australia, South Korea, Georgia, Chile and Pakistan and the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement have been further reduced.

"Free trade agreements or preferential trade arrangements are often mutual. While we reduce the import tariff rate, relevant countries often have corresponding measures, which will have a positive impact on import and export trade. " Yang Zhiyong said that at the same time, these tariff adjustments will also play a positive role in promoting the "Belt and Road" construction, building a high-standard free trade zone network and promoting a higher level of opening up.

"At present, the practice of a few countries to use tariffs to promote trade protectionism is against the trend of globalization." Yang Zhiyong said that China has proved by practical actions that the door to opening will be wider and wider, and it is willing to share the "China dividend" with the world and win a better future.

　　On the journey of winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way and winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, this moment is undoubtedly of symbolic historical significance — —

　　On the morning of October 25, 2017, the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.

　　The First Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee elected the 19th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee composed of 25 members, and elected the supreme leader, Li Keqiang, Li Zhanshu, Wang Yang, Wang Huning, Zhao Leji and Han Zheng as The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) and the supreme leader as the general secretary of the Central Committee. Passed the members of the Central Secretariat; Decided the composition of the Central Military Commission (CMC); Approved the leading body elected by the first plenary session of the 19 th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

　　This is the guide of more than 89 million people in party member, and it is the backbone of more than 1.3 billion people.

　　Do not forget your initiative mind, keep moving! The new CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core will lead China and set sail again.

　　Look at the main peak with majestic mountains.

　　— — On the new journey of strengthening the country and the army, at the critical juncture of national rejuvenation, it is the aspiration of the party and the people to establish the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader as the core of the CPC Central Committee and the whole party, and to establish Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era as the party’s guiding ideology.

　　In a magnificent era, there are bound to be moments of stirring people’s hearts.

　　A year ago, in the golden autumn of Beijing, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee established the core position of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in the CPC Central Committee and the whole party, and the thunderous clapping sound of the Great Hall of the People was still in my ears.

　　This is the heartfelt reverence and love of all party comrades, and this is the emotional recognition of hundreds of millions of people pursuing their dreams.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has faced difficulties, forged ahead, made historic achievements in reform, opening up and socialist modernization, and promoted historic changes in the cause of the party and the state:

　　Great achievements have been made in economic construction, major breakthroughs have been made in comprehensively deepening reform, great strides have been made in building democracy and the rule of law, great progress has been made in ideological and cultural construction, people’s lives have been continuously improved, remarkable achievements have been made in building ecological civilization, strengthening the army and opening up a new situation, new progress has been made in the work of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, all-round diplomatic layout has been carried out in depth, and remarkable results have been achieved in comprehensively administering the party strictly … …

　　The achievements in the past five years are all-round and groundbreaking, and the changes in the past five years are deep-seated and fundamental. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.

　　New practice breeds new ideas. On the basis of adhering to the basic principles of Marxism, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core creatively adhered to and developed scientific socialism, opened up a new realm of the development of Marxism in China in the 21st century, and created the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought.

　　Do great things, solve difficult problems, turn the tide and start a new game.

　　Carrying out great struggles, building great projects, advancing great undertakings and realizing great dreams, a series of great practices and theoretical innovations have poured into the ideals and beliefs of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people and people’s feelings, demonstrated the political courage and responsibility of the CPC Central Committee, and demonstrated the great talent and leadership style of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made great efforts to turn the tide, made overall plans for internal affairs, foreign affairs and national defense, and led the party, state and army in running the country. He spared no pains for the long-term stability of the party and the country and won the party’s heart, military heart and popular support. He is a well-deserved strong core of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the new era.

　　In the election of the Party’s 19th National Congress, the Supreme Leader was unanimously elected. When the members of the 19th Central Committee were elected, the supreme leader was unanimously elected. When the first plenary session of the 19th Central Committee elected the new central collective leadership, the supreme leader comrade was unanimously elected as the general secretary of the Central Committee again. Thunderous applause rang again and again, and it lasted for a long time … …

　　One vote represents the party’s heart and public opinion, and applause conveys trust expectations again and again — — It is the great fortune of the party, the army and the people to have the Supreme Leader General Secretary as the core of the party, the commander-in-chief of the army and the leader of the people! It is the hope, strength and victory to realize the goal of "two hundred years", the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the people’s yearning for a better life!

　　Marked by the victory of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China entered the historical intersection of the goal of "two hundred years" — —

　　By 2020, it is necessary to build a well-off society in an all-round way and achieve the goal of the first century, but also to take advantage of the situation to start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century.

　　At the same time, the situation at home and abroad is undergoing profound and complex changes, and China’s development is still in an important period of strategic opportunities, with bright prospects and severe challenges. Facing difficulties, carrying out great struggles with many new historical characteristics, and taking a good long March in the new era, the party’s leadership is crucial, and the leadership core is particularly important.

　　The cross-flow of the sea shows the mainstay, and the mountains are majestic to see the main peak.

　　In this critical period of connecting the past with the future, the whole party, the whole army and the people of all nationalities in the country have a common expectation, that is, they hope to elect a good central leadership collective, and under the leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, continue to consolidate achievements, overcome difficulties and forge ahead bravely, and write a magnificent chapter in the new journey of socialist modernization.

　　Qian Qiu Wei ye ju ying Cai

　　— — Focusing on the cause of the party and the long-term prosperity of the country, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has made overall plans for the nomination of candidates for the new central leading bodies.

　　The key to the great cause of the Millennium lies in people. The key to governing the country lies in employing people.

　　The new era calls for a new strong collective leadership.

　　How to produce a new central collective leadership with the Supreme Leader General Secretary as the core and lead China into the future is expected by the whole party, concerned by the whole people and attracted worldwide attention.

　　Party constitution stipulates that the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Party shall be elected by the plenary session of the Central Committee.

　　According to this provision, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China will elect a new Central Committee and the 1st Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee will elect a new central leading body.

　　In this regard, the CPC Central Committee attaches great importance to it.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that our party is a big party with more than 89 million people in party member. Being in power in a big country with a population of more than one billion, it has a heavy burden and great responsibility on its shoulders, and it is necessary to form a central leading collective that is politically firm, united, strong and energetic.

　　Under the overall planning of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the nomination of candidates for the new central leading bodies has been carried out in an orderly manner … …

　　From the beginning of 2017, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader listened carefully to Comrade The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC)’s opinions on how to prepare the candidates for the new central leadership.

　　It is unanimously agreed that, on the basis of summing up the relevant practices of the 16th, 17th and 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and drawing lessons from the practices and experience of the 19th "two committees" candidates and the inspection work of provincial party committees, we should take the form of talk and investigation to listen to recommendations and suggestions face to face in a certain range on the candidates for the new the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the Standing Committee and the Secretariat, the candidates for the Central Military Commission, the candidates for leading members in the State Council who need to be considered as a whole, and the newly promoted candidates in the National People’s Congress and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Party.

　　On April 24, 2017, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) meeting to conduct special research, and discussed and adopted the Arrangement Plan for Talks and Research on the Brewing of Candidates for the 19th Central Leading Body. Conversation, investigation and candidate preparation are conducted under the direct leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. Mainly follow the following principles:

　　— — Focus on promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinating the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, implement the new development concept, build a well-off society in an all-round way, and constantly promote the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era; Focus on improving the party’s leadership level and ruling ability, maintaining and developing the party’s advanced nature and purity, promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance ability, and consolidating the party’s ruling position; Focus on the successors and prosperity of the party’s cause, and ensure the long-term stability of the party and the country.

　　— — Adhere to the standards of politicians’ groups, adhere to all corners of the country, appoint people on their merits, adhere to both ability and political integrity, put morality first, put career first, be fair and upright, strictly control politics and integrity, and select and employ people accurately and scientifically.

　　— — We will further improve and perfect the mechanism for the generation of party and state leaders, and actively and steadily promote the replacement of old and new leaders at the top of the party and state.

　　— — Adhere to the principle that the Party is in charge of cadres, implement democratic centralism, give full play to inner-party democracy, and improve the quality and effectiveness of democracy. Talk and research focus on brainstorming and unified understanding, without limiting the number of recommendations, and the number of recommended votes is used as a reference, not taking people by votes. According to the requirements of cadres’ conditions, consistent performance and team structure, we will study and propose candidates for the new central leading bodies.

　　The selection scheme for the new Central Military Commission should emphasize the adherence to political standards, focus on preparing for war, optimize the structural layout, and pay attention to the echelon allocation of the old, middle-aged and young.

　　According to these principles, the Central Committee has put forward the conditions for recommending candidates:

　　— — Loyalty to the Party, firm belief, firm establishment of "four consciousnesses" and "four self-confidences", firm implementation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and high consistency with the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, are qualified Marxist politicians.

　　— — Strong leadership, rich practical experience, strong revolutionary dedication, spirit of reform and innovation and seeking truth from facts, courage to take responsibility, correct outlook on political achievements and outstanding work performance.

　　— — Take the lead in implementing democratic centralism, consciously safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, be good at uniting comrades, be fair and upright, and be broad-minded.

　　— — Have the world outlook, outlook on life and values of communist party people, take the lead in adhering to principles, take the lead in observing the party’s discipline and rules, have a good style, be honest and upright, and have a high prestige and a good image inside and outside the party.

　　Referring to the previous practice, according to the needs of the development of the cause of the party and the state and the reality of the construction of the central leading body, the central government also put forward clear requirements on the scope, age and structure of the recommended candidates.

　　Everyone agrees that the Central Committee’s principles on the preparation of candidates for the new central leading bodies are scientific and reasonable, the standard conditions for recommending candidates are clear and definite, and the recommended scope, age and structure requirements are in line with reality, which reflects the foresight of the CPC Central Committee.

　　Democratic science condenses consensus

　　— — A series of new ways and measures have been adopted in the selection of candidates for the new central leading bodies, which embodies the new mechanism and orientation of selecting and employing people and shows the new style and image of the party.

　　In late May 2017, a leading cadre at the provincial and ministerial level was informed to come to Beijing to participate in the organization talk.

　　The meeting place is arranged in Zhongnanhai. As soon as I arrived in the waiting room, three materials were already on the table — — Relevant Arrangements of Conversation and Investigation, Roster of Current Party and State Leaders party member and Roster of Leading Cadres at Provincial and Ministerial Level in party member.

　　According to the working procedure of conversation research, arrange sufficient time for the cadres to read the materials and think carefully and prepare independently.

　　On this basis, the central leading comrades listened to the cadre’s recommendation on the candidates for the new central leading bodies by face-to-face talks.

　　"There is no limit to the number of referees, talk as much as you know, talk as you think, seek truth from facts and speak freely." The cadre felt afterwards, "As a comrade working in a local area, I have the opportunity and qualification to express my opinions and recommend the candidates for the new central leading body. This is the high trust of the CPC Central Committee, which fully reflects our party’s democratic style and broad mind, and reflects our party’s fine tradition of concentrating the wisdom of the whole party."

　　In the form of individual interviews and research, face-to-face listening to the recommendations and relevant suggestions for the candidates of the central leading bodies within a certain range is a major innovation in the nomination of candidates for the 19 th central leading bodies.

　　This major innovation is embodied in drawing lessons from historical experience and exploring new ways and measures to select and employ people — —

　　Our party has a fine tradition in selecting high-level leaders of the party and the state, and has been actively exploring, with experience and lessons. The 17th and 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China adopted the method of meeting recommendation. However, due to the excessive emphasis on the weight of votes, it brought some disadvantages: some comrades simply "ticked off" during the meeting recommendation process, which led to random voting and distorted public opinion, and even voted for relationship votes and human votes. Zhou Yongkang, Sun Zhengcai and Ling Jihua, who have been investigated and dealt with by the Central Committee, used the recommendation of the meeting to engage in non-organizational activities such as canvassing and bribery.

　　Adhering to the problem orientation, the Central Committee has innovated and improved the selection method of the new central leading body, emphasized the democratic orientation, improved democratic methods and improved the quality of democracy, and decided to gradually select the candidates for the central leading body on the basis of in-depth inspection and strict control of the candidates for the 19th "two committees" through talks, investigations, listening to opinions, repeated brewing and meeting decisions.

　　From late April to June 2017, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader specially arranged time to talk with the current party and state leading comrades, members of the Central Military Commission, and old comrades in the party, fully listening to opinions and talking with 57 people before and after.

　　According to The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC)’s arrangement, the relevant leading comrades of the Central Committee respectively listened to the opinions of 258 leading comrades in charge of party member at the provincial and ministerial level and in the military theater and other members of the 18th Central Committee. The responsible comrades of the Central Military Commission respectively listened to the opinions of 32 leading comrades in the current theater and the main responsible comrades in the theater-level departments of the military commission.

　　This way of taking individual interviews and listening to opinions and suggestions face to face has won unanimous praise from comrades who participated in the talks. It is generally felt that the plan is well thought out, the work arrangement is meticulous, the program is well designed, and the discipline requirements are strict, so that the opinions reflected are more comprehensive, more true and more accurate.

　　This major innovation is reflected in the insistence on selecting people by things and forming a new mechanism and new orientation for organizational work — —

　　In the interview recommendation work, the Central Committee made clear the conditions for recommending candidates, insisted on selecting candidates according to the standards of Marxist politicians group, and paid attention to the integration of knowledge and practice; Adhere to the career-oriented, meritocratic, pay attention to work ability and practical experience; Adhere to the strict integrity and style of candidates, and pay attention to image and word of mouth.

　　Strict standards, career first, comrades who participated in the conversation spoke highly of this and unanimously agreed.

　　Everyone thinks that the leadership positions of the party and the state are not "iron chairs" or "iron hats", and those who meet the age may not necessarily continue to nominate, mainly according to the political performance, integrity and career needs of the candidates, and they can stay and transfer, be promoted and demoted.

　　Everyone reflected that the selection of candidates for the 19th Central Leading Body has improved the scientific employment mechanism, which is of far-reaching significance for further forming a good inner-party political ecology and enhancing the scientificity and credibility of cadre selection.

　　Many comrades said that it is an effective way to fully develop inner-party democracy in the new situation to listen to opinions widely on the high-level personnel arrangements of the party and the state on such a large scale, and it is a successful practice to improve and perfect the mechanism for the generation of party and state leaders, and advocates a new correct orientation for employing people.

　　This major innovation is embodied in adhering to a clean and upright style and reshaping the party’s new style and new image — —

　　With a glorious political mission and heavy political responsibility, and a highly responsible attitude towards the cause of the party and the state, the comrades who participated in the conversation were serious, knowing everything and saying everything, telling the truth and expressing their opinions fairly.

　　Comrades who participated in the conversation were very serious and cautious when thinking and preparing, and some drew up the outline of the conversation; In the conversation, everyone can speak freely, not only giving full recommendations, but also many comrades put forward good suggestions on the construction of the central leadership team; Some comrades called to supplement their opinions after returning from the conversation, and some also specially submitted written materials … …

　　"The conversation process is also a test and party spirit education for me, and it is a vivid practice for senior leading cadres to participate in political life within the party." Everyone reported that this method has overcome all kinds of disadvantages brought by the previous "pushing by the sea at the conference" and "drawing votes and ticking", and there is no undercurrent, and the wind is always clean and upright.

　　Fully communicate and brew, and unite the will of the whole party.

　　On the basis of comprehensive opinions and suggestions, on September 25, 2017, The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) put forward a proposal for the composition of the new central leadership.

　　The proposal for the selection of leading members of the new Central Commission for Discipline Inspection was put forward by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Central Organization Department after deliberation and discussion. The proposal for the composition of the new Central Military Commission was put forward to the Central Committee by the Central Military Commission after collective discussion.

　　On September 29th, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party deliberated and approved the list of candidates for the new central leadership, and decided to submit it to the First Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee and the First Plenary Session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection for election, adoption and decision respectively.

　　The process of the emergence of the new central leading body is a process of adhering to the party’s leadership and fully carrying forward democracy, and condensing the wisdom of the whole party. It is a process of doing things in strict accordance with party constitution, the system and the procedures, and a process of constantly improving and perfecting the mechanism for the emergence of party and state leaders, which fully shows that our party is more United, unified, mature and confident.

　　Sail in the wind and waves

　　— — The new central leading body has brought together outstanding ruling backbones from all walks of life of the whole party. They will unite and lead the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to carry out great struggles, build great projects, advance great undertakings and realize great dreams with lofty sentiments and high spirits.

　　On October 24th, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China elected the new Central Committee and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

　　On October 25th, the first plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee elected a new central leading body.

　　This is a leading group that embodies the will of the whole party, embodies the consensus of the whole party, reflects the expectations of the people, and deserves the full trust of the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country — —

　　The new central leading bodies are composed of ruling party backbones who meet the standards of Marxist politicians, can adapt to the overall layout of "five in one" and coordinate the promotion of "four comprehensive" strategic layouts, have the professional quality of solving difficult problems in reform and coping with various risks, have rich leadership experience and mass work skills, are loyal, clean and responsible, and have high prestige among cadres and the masses.

　　This is a leading group that links the past with the future and carries forward the future, fully embodying the style of contemporary the Communist Party of China (CPC) people — —

　　The 19th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee consists of 25 comrades who are familiar with all aspects and fields of work, all of whom have higher education and professional knowledge, and have a reasonable structure. Some of them work in local areas, some in central and state organs, some comrades in the army and some lesbians. Among them, 10 comrades were nominated by the 18th members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, 3 comrades were transferred from the National People’s Congress and leading comrades in the State Council, and 12 comrades were newly promoted.

　　This is a leading group full of vigor and vitality, which can meet the needs of the long-term development of the cause of the party and the state — —

　　The advance and retreat ratio of the new central leading body is relatively appropriate, maintaining the continuity of personnel and work, and actively and steadily realizing the alternation of old and new senior leaders of the party and the state. A group of leading cadres who have both ability and political integrity and are in the prime of life have entered the new the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, which fully reflects the prosperity and success of our party.

　　When the new central leading bodies were considering candidates and soliciting opinions, some leading comrades of the Party and the state put the interests of the Party and the people first, and took the initiative to step down in the spirit of being highly responsible for national development and national rejuvenation, so as to let relatively young comrades come up, showing the broad mind and integrity of communist party people.

　　Pilot a new era and start a new journey.

　　On the morning of October 25, 2017, the East Hall of the Great Hall of the People was brightly lit and the atmosphere was warm. At 11: 54, the Supreme Leader of the 19th Central Committee, General Secretary of communist party, China, and Li Keqiang, Li Zhanshu, Wang Yang, Wang Huning, Zhao Leji and Han Zheng of The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) entered the East Hall and had a cordial meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists covering the 19th Party Congress.

　　With vigorous steps and calm posture, the central leading comrades showed calm and heroic bearing and enterprising spirit in front of the camera and flash.

　　On behalf of the members of the new central leading body, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sincerely thanked the comrades of the whole party for their trust, and said that he must be conscientious, diligent, and live up to his mission and trust. He said that in the past five years, we have done a lot of work, some have been completed, and some will continue to do so. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward new goals and tasks, and we should make overall plans to implement them. As long as we are deeply rooted in the people and rely on them closely, we can gain infinite strength and forge ahead courageously, rain or shine.

　　This is the confidence of the leader of the new era, this is the responsibility of a ruling party, and this is the hope of the great national rejuvenation.

　　The new central collective leadership with the Supreme Leader as the core will unite and lead the whole party and the people of all nationalities in China, hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, forge ahead with determination, work hard, win the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, win the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and lead the ship carrying the great dream of the people of China to sail forward through the waves and sail to the glorious other side.

　　(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 26th, Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhao Cheng Huo Xiaoguang Zhang Xiaosong Luo Zhengguang)

In the exhibition hall, unique gifts, precious and informative written materials and vivid video scenes attracted the attention of the general secretary. CCTV’s "Network Plus" invites you to watch the exhibition together in the "cloud" to learn about the friendly exchanges, profound friendship, cultural exchanges and mutual learning between China and countries that have established diplomatic relations.

△ founding ceremony color historical images taken by Soviet photographers presented by Russian President Vladimir Putin

△ tapestry "Amazon River" presented by former French President Pompidou

△ telegram from the United Nations to restore People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s legal seat

△ Porcelain swan presented by former US President Nixon

△ Silver cigarette case presented by former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher

△ Camel-shaped cup presented by Nazarbayev, the first president of Kazakhstan.

△ Traditional mask presented by former Indonesian President Susilo

△ Shell mosaic decorative painting presented by Kim Jong-un, General Secretary of the Workers’ Party of Korea, and his wife

△ commemorative U disk of Inner Mongolia Railway presented by Kenyan President Kenyatta

△ Athena relief presented by former Greek Prime Minister Tsipras

△ Painted woodcarving presented by former Bolivian President Morales

△ Traditional decorative paintings presented by Fiji Prime Minister bainimarama

For more information, please see the video ↓

(Central Radio and Television General Station CCTV Network)

　　In a corner of the National Museum of Sri Lanka, an ancient monument inscribed with Chinese characters, Tamil and Persian stands quietly.

　　It was Zheng He, a navigator from China, who brought this stone tablet to Sri Lanka. At the beginning of the 15th century, Zheng He led "tens of thousands of people in more than 100 giant ships" and arrived here for several months to exchange and barter with local people, and presented stone tablets as a gesture of friendship.

　　In 2013, after the Chairman of the Supreme Leader proposed to jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative, Sri Lanka was the first country to support it in the form of a government statement.

　　The turn of the country lies in the blind date between the people. On September 7, 2013, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech in Kazakhstan that to do a good job in cooperation in the fields of policies, facilities, trade and capital, "we must get the support of people from all countries, strengthen people’s friendly exchanges, enhance mutual understanding and traditional friendship, and lay a solid public opinion foundation and social foundation for regional cooperation."

　　People’s blind date lies in empathy. People’s hearts are connected, which is the most basic, solid and lasting interconnection. In the past 10 years, one project has blossomed in the country of building the "Belt and Road", which has brought the hearts of people of all countries closer.

　　"Small but beautiful" livelihood project

　　"TV is like another pair of my eyes, which makes me see the outside world at once. It turns out that the world is so big and there are so many interesting things!" A 9-year-old Nigerian boy said. Thanks to China’s "Universal Village Access" project, many African villagers have taken a fancy to digital TV with stable signal and rich content.

　　The "Universal Village Access" project aims to connect 10,000 villages in Africa with satellite digital TV signals. It is a livelihood project in the plan to strengthen China-Africa humanities cooperation proposed by the Chairman of the Supreme Leader at the Johannesburg Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in 2015.

　　△ In July, 2023, children of Picoco Village School in maputo province stood in front of a house equipped with a satellite TV receiving antenna aided by China.

　　"People’s livelihood project is an important way to quickly improve the sense of gain of the people who build a country together, and it is immediate." On November 19, 2021, at the third symposium on the construction of the Belt and Road, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "small and beautiful projects directly affect the people. In the future, we should make small and beautiful projects a priority for foreign cooperation, strengthen overall planning, give full play to the role of foreign aid funds, and form more projects that are grounded and gather people’s hearts. "

　　In Cambodia, China helped 16 provinces to build more than 1,800 deep wells and nearly 130 community ponds, effectively solving the shortage of drinking water sources and water sanitation problems of local rural residents;

　　In Samoa, a Pacific island country, China’s agricultural technical assistance project aided the construction of comprehensive demonstration farms and other agricultural extension systems, and accumulated tens of thousands of trainings;

　　In Zambia, solar mills provide people with enough corn flour to increase the added value of local agricultural products;

　　In Papua New Guinea, fungus grass has become the local rich grass … …

　　△ On December 17th, 2020, in East Highland Province, Papua New Guinea, local people who participated in the 9th training course of China’s technical project of assisting Papua New Guinea’s grass and upland rice showed their certificates of completion.

　　The projects of "small but beautiful" and "practical and beneficial" have been implemented steadily, helping the people of the country to increase their income and improve their lives. For the people who build the country together, the "Belt and Road" proposed by China is concrete and tangible — — It is water and electricity, roads and bridges, schools and hospitals, and it is a rich salary and a promising tomorrow.

　　"Now, you can drive to different parts of Uganda on asphalt roads, and most of these roads are built by China enterprises." Richard Taodewang, general secretary of Uganda’s ruling National Resistance Movement, said that the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" has promoted the connectivity and development of the country and has been welcomed by local people. This is the attraction of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road".

　　Build a monument of friendship

　　On the eve of International Children’s Day on June 1st this year, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader wrote back to Alifa Qin, a Bangladeshi child, encouraging her to study hard, pursue her dreams and inherit the traditional friendship between China and Bangladesh.

　　"Chin", which means "China" in Mongolian, has a touching story behind the name.

　　Arifa Qin was born in 2010. When she was born, her mother Janet suffered dystocia because of severe heart disease, and her life was dying for a time. At that time, it was the first time that China Navy’s hospital ship "Square Boat" carried out the "harmonious mission" in Bangladesh. After receiving help, the hospital ship rushed to the local hospital at the first time.

　　After two hours of surgery, Janet finally gave birth to a baby girl. Looking at his daughter, who weighs only 3 kg, and his wife, who has just been pulled back from death, the child’s father specially named his daughter Qin "Chin" to express his gratitude to the soldiers in China. He said that his daughter should remember China and her savior.

△ On August 22nd, 2013, Arifa Qin was with the nurse from China who had taken care of her in 2010.

　　"Qin’s personal experience in the letter is a vivid portrayal of China-Bangladesh friendship." In his reply to Qin, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader said, "China and Bangladeshi people have been good neighbors and friends since ancient times, and have a history of friendly exchanges stretching back thousands of years."

　　Millennium friendship has been passed down from generation to generation, and pragmatic cooperation has been promoted step by step.

　　In October 2016, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader made a historic visit to Bangladesh, and China-Bangladesh relations were upgraded to a strategic partnership. Bangladesh is the first country in South Asia to sign a memorandum of understanding with China to jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　Today, in the face of endless global challenges, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader has a profound insight: "I propose to build a community of human destiny and propose to build together ‘ Belt and Road ’ It is to repeatedly think about how countries around the world should achieve mutual cooperation, sharing, harmony without differences, and win-win cooperation in diverse interests and demands. "

　　In Pakistan, Gwadar Port is the flagship project of China-Pakistan "Belt and Road" cooperation and a new milestone of China-Pakistan friendship in the 21st century. At present, projects such as Gwadar Port Free Zone and China-Pakistan Friendship Hospital have been completed or under construction. The solar power generation system and equipment donated by China to Gwadar people have promoted local economic and social development.

△ Gwadar Port is printed on Pakistani banknotes with a denomination of 5 rupees.

　　"Where the project is built, a monument of friendship will be built there", in December 2018, when the Chairman of the Supreme Leader visited Panama for the first time, he exclaimed. Today, large-scale projects full of China elements, such as the Fourth Panama Canal Bridge and Panama National Convention and Exhibition Center, have become local landmarks, and China commodities are increasingly integrated into people’s daily lives. Eddie Tabiro, an expert on financial strategy of Panama Canal Authority, said with emotion: "‘ Belt and Road ’ Cooperation is not who conquers who, but mutual help between friends. "

　　Get to know each other in the encounter, work together in the mutual understanding, and build the "Belt and Road". People are hand in hand and jointly build a beautiful home.

　　Humanistic exchange of mutual learning and learning

　　At the end of September this year, Beijing Capital International Airport welcomed more than 30 students from Thailand. In the next year, these students will enter Tianjin Bohai Vocational and Technical College to study vocational education courses in China.

　　Letting Thai students go to China to receive vocational education in China is the first cooperation between Tianjin Bohai Vocational and Technical College and Thailand Dacheng Technical College after the initiative of jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative, named after Luban, a famous craftsman in ancient China.

　　There is no Luban in Luban Workshop, but there are more than 70 professional skills courses such as industrial robots, new energy and Internet of Things. In September 2018, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader solemnly announced at the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation that China would "set up 10 Luban workshops in Africa to provide vocational skills training for African youth".

△ Djibouti Luban Workshop

　　Osman, a young man from Djibouti, had a "railway dream" since he was a child. I heard that Luban Workshop in Djibouti is recruiting students majoring in railway, and he will sign up immediately. "My family condition is particularly bad. Can I be admitted to Luban Workshop?" During the interview, Osman expressed his concern. The interviewer in China said, "I believe you. If you work hard, you can also become the Luban of Djibouti." After layers of selection, Osman became one of the first batch of 24 freshmen and will directly participate in the construction of Yaji Railway in the future.

　　"Really want to build ‘ Belt and Road ’ It is necessary to form a humanistic pattern of mutual appreciation, mutual understanding and mutual respect among the people along the route. " General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said.

　　Promote the "Belt and Road" cultural and tourism exchanges, implement the "Cultural Silk Road" plan, establish an international alliance of theaters, museums, art festivals, libraries and art galleries along the Silk Road, actively co-organize art festivals, film festivals, music festivals, cultural relics exhibitions, book exhibitions and other activities with the co-construction countries, cooperate in the creation and mutual translation and broadcasting of excellent books, radio, film and television, and jointly implement the joint archaeological and cultural relics restoration project & HELIP; … In the past 10 years, the co-construction countries have extensively carried out cultural tourism cooperation, educational exchanges, cooperation between media and think tanks, and people-to-people exchanges, and promoted mutual learning and cultural integration and innovation, forming a pattern of people-to-people exchanges with multiple interactions and flowers blooming.

△ On October 6, 2023, diplomatic envoys from many countries in Kenya watched a cultural performance at Nairobi Station of Monnet Railway in Nairobi, Kenya.

　　Throughout the ten years since the "Belt and Road Initiative" was jointly established, China and the co-construction countries have written many stories of "casting me a peach and rewarding me with Qiong Yao". This is the inheritance of traditional virtues and the cherish of friendship by the Chinese nation for thousands of years.

　　This kind of treasure has nothing to do with distance — — No matter how far apart, as long as we bravely take the first step and stick to the opposite direction, we can walk out of a road of meeting and knowing each other and developing together, and move towards a happy, peaceful, harmonious and beautiful distance.

　　This kind of treasure is related to people’s hearts — — "We should all have the belief that people of all countries should have a better future and build together ‘ Belt and Road ’ It will definitely usher in a better world. "

　　There is a "road" between people.

　　Producer: Geng Zhimin

　　Producer Xing Lai

　　Editor-in-Chief Ning Lili

　　Pen-writing Yang Caiyun

　　Visual sense Jiang yuhang

Source: Jiangsu CDC (jscdcwx)

Spring has come, and "allergic star people" are getting worse.

Some people say, chlorine ray is in his hand, don’t panic!

However …

How did this get on the hot search?

The antihistamine represented by loratadine is a "life-saving medicine" for many allergic people.

So, many people rely on antihistamines for a long time, will there be side effects? What are the precautions?

Who is the "life-saving medicine" chlorine ray?

Loratadine is a commonly used drug to relieve allergic symptoms and one of the representative drugs of antihistamines.

In April and May every year, willow flocks are high, and many people will take loratadine with them in order to relieve allergic symptoms.

Although it is often used, many people don’t know how it works.

This is going to start with "what is the allergy?"

Generally speaking, allergy means that the immune system overreacts and misjudges substances from outside as "harmful substances".

At this time, the immune system will release a substance called "histamine", which will combine with histamine receptors in the body.

Therefore, patients will have respiratory tract, eyes, skin and other symptoms at the same time or successively.

H1 antihistamines represented by loratadine and cetirizine, as the name implies, are drugs that can prevent histamine from binding to its receptor, so that histamine cannot play its role.

Therefore, after taking antihistamines, symptoms such as itchy skin and sneezing will be quickly relieved. Therefore, antihistamines are called "life-saving drugs" by many allergic people.

Can this medicine be taken for a long time?

Some people regard loratadine as a "life-saving artifact all year round". But are there any side effects from long-term use of antihistamines?

In fact, loratadine can not eradicate allergens, and long-term use may lead to some adverse reactions.

side effect

First-generation antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine and bromophenamine) can cause adverse reactions such as drowsiness, fatigue and dizziness. It has anticholinergic effect, which may cause blurred vision, dry eyes, nose and mouth, urinary retention, constipation, etc. The elderly and children should use it with caution.

The second generation antihistamines (such as loratadine and cetirizine) have weak sedative effect, are not easy to cause drowsiness, and have high safety; There is no obvious anticholinergic adverse reaction, so it has no antitussive function.

Third-generation antihistamines (such as levocetirizine hydrochloride and desloratadine) have relatively strong antiallergic effect and relatively few side effects, and some drugs can be used for pregnant and lactating women and children.

Therefore, if you need to take such drugs for a long time, it is recommended to consult a doctor. The following is a summary of medication for reference.

1. Choose drugs carefully

Antihistamines are only suitable for use under the guidance of a doctor to relieve the symptoms caused by allergic diseases. Pregnant and lactating women, as well as the elderly and children, should be cautious when using drugs.

2. Pay attention to the time and dosage of medication.

Even loratadine and cetirizine, which are considered very safe in clinic, should not be taken continuously for more than one month. Because of the individual differences in medication, if the symptoms are not improved, the dosage of the drug should not be increased without authorization, and other drugs or treatment methods should be selected under the guidance of a doctor.

Step 3 don’t drink

Do not drink alcohol while taking antihistamines, otherwise it will increase the burden on the liver and inhibit the central nervous system.

4. Don’t take it before skin test.

Loratadine can prevent or reduce the positive reaction of skin test and affect the results.

5. Beware of the "chain reaction" of drugs

Antifungal drugs and macrolide antibiotics can increase the content of loratadine in blood, and it is easy to aggravate the adverse reactions when combined with antihistamines.

6. Patients with heart disease should pay attention to it

In the case of rational drug use, antihistamines have very little hepatorenal toxicity, but literature shows that some first-generation and second-generation antihistamines may have potential cardiotoxicity. Although rare, people who have heart disease or cardiovascular risk should pay attention when using antihistamines for a long time.

What else can I do to deal with allergies?

In addition to using antihistamines, many "senior patients" said that the best way to deal with it is to wear a mask! Wear long sleeves!

"Allergic star people" can do the following things in their daily life.

1. Protect yourself when going out: Wear a mask, and you can wear a thin coat for fear of allergies in bare arms. When going out, the clothes are inevitably stained with allergens such as pollen and dust outside. I suggest you wash your hair, take a shower and change your clothes when you get home.

2. Clean the nasal cavity every day: people with allergic rhinitis or sensitive to pollen and catkins should clean the nasal cavity with normal saline 2-3 times a day.

3. Do a good job in indoor cleaning: Usually, you can use high-temperature steam cleaning products or mite removal instruments to wash sheets, quilt covers and pillowcases more often.

4. Regular physical exercise: Moderate exercise will stimulate the improvement of immunity, but if the exercise load is too large, it will also reduce immunity, so physical exercise must be gradual, persistent and adequate.

There are always a few allergic people around everyone. Hurry up and forward it to someone you care about ~

* Some pictures are from the Internet, not for commercial use, and are only used as popular science dissemination materials. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete *

Reference sources: People’s Daily Popular Science, Popular Science China, etc.

-Produced by the editorial department of "I wish you health" of Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Publishing House-

Content planning/typesetting: Zhu Jingjing, Gu Xinyu

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